Research and Education in the UK Basic Income Debate

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry
Keyword(s):  
Basic Income ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Uk

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Peter Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Political Agenda ◽  
British Politics ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Working Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Negative Income Tax

The 2008 financial crisis and the era of austerity that followed have pushed poverty and inequality to the top of the political agenda for the first time in a generation. One of the most striking responses has been the surge of interest in a Universal Basic Income—an idea which has circulated in British politics since at least the First World War, and has intersected with proposals for more selective and conditional forms of minimum income. This introduction examines the history of guaranteed income in modern Britain from two perspectives: an ideational story about the circulation and development of basic income, Negative Income Tax, and tax credit schemes, and a public policy story about the growth of cash transfers since the 1970s. It argues that the UK has become a ‘transfer state’ in which working-age benefits play a central role in legitimating a particular form of post-industrial liberal capitalism.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF BASIC INCOME IN THE BRITISH POLITIAL CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Yuri Kvashnin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Number Of Parties

The article explores the current debate on basic income in the UK. The growing interest in this concept, which implies the introduction of unconditional and equal for all regular cash payments, is caused by problems common to Western European countries, i.e. an increase in income inequality, the risk of technological unemployment, as well as the need to take urgent measures to support the population at times of pandemic. In the British context, however, ideological and political factors play a significant role, such as a rich intellectual tradition of developing universal approaches to social security and the desire of a number of parties, both national and regional, to use this increasingly popular concept for their own political purposes. It is concluded that in the medium term, the UK's transition to basic income is unlikely, but the very discussion on its introduction can serve as a catalyst for serious social transformations.

scholarly journals Flipping the Paradigm: A Qualitative Exploration of Research Translation Centres in the UK and Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Elizabeth Robinson ◽  
Helen Skouteris ◽  
Prue Burns ◽  
Angela Melder ◽  
Cate Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Workforce Development ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Healthcare Improvement ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: Over the past decade Research Translation Centres (RTC’s) have been established in many countries. These Centres (sometimes referred to as Academic Health Science Centres) are designed to bring universities and health care providers together in order to accelerate the generation and translation of new evidence that is responsive to health service and community priorities. This has the potential to effectively ‘flip’ the traditional research and education paradigms because it requires active participation and continuous engagement with stakeholders (especially service users, the community and frontline clinicians). Although investment and expectations of RTCs are high, the literature confirms a need to better understand the processes RTCs use to mobilise knowledge, build workforce capacity and co-produce research with patients and the public to ensure population impact and drive healthcare improvement is needed. Methods: Semi structured interviews were conducted with selected leaders and members from select RTCs in England and Australia. Convenience sampling was utilised to identify RTC’s, based on their geography, accessibility and availability. Purposive sampling and a snowballing approach was employed to recruit individual participants for interviews that were conducted face to face or via videoconferencing. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a reflexive and inductive approach. This involved two researchers comparing codes and interrogating themes that were analysed inductively against the study aims and through meetings with the research team. Results: A total of 41 participants, 22 from England and 19 from Australia were interviewed. Five major themes emerged including (1) dissonant metrics, (2) different models of leadership (3) public-patient involvement and research co-production (4) workforce development (5) barriers to collaboration.Conclusions: Participants identified the need for performance measures that capture community impact. Better aligned success metrics, enhanced leadership, strategies to partner with patients and the public, enhanced workforce development and strategies to enhance collaboration were all identified as crucial for RTCs to succeed.

Minimum Income Standards in the Basic Income debate

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry
Keyword(s):  
Basic Income ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Budget Standards ◽  
Reference Budgets

This chapter explores the concept or idea of “basic income” in relation to the growing work on reference budget standards, particularly in relation to the Minimum Income Standards (MIS) findings in the UK context. It confirms whether basic incomes should be paid to every individual at MIS levels or whether a Universal Basic Income (UBI) scheme as a whole should raise family incomes to the levels of the MIS. It also investigates what approach is both feasible and affordable to bring families and households closer to the MIS. The chapter marks new territory in the UBI debate, taking some of the first steps to join up important debates and explore issues surrounding UBI, MIS and reference budgets, both in theory and in practice. It discusses the feasibility of paying basic incomes at levels defined by the published MIS reports.

Afterword

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry
Keyword(s):  
Policy Maker ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Family Allowances

This afterword concludes that the book has discussed the significant advantages that a Citizen's Basic Income would provide to society and to the economy. During the 1920s, family allowances in the UK were seen as an issue for ‘cranks and utopians’. In the 1930s, the country suffered from recession and rising unemployment. By 1946, every family with more than one child was receiving Family Allowances. The book argues that a Citizen's Basic Income is no longer just an issue for cranks and utopians, but an idea that every policy maker needs to address and consider for implementation. This afterword ends the book with a remark from Barbara Wootton, as quoted by Hermione Parker in her book Instead of the Dole: ‘The limits of the possible constantly shift … Again and again, I have had the satisfaction of seeing the laughable idealism of one generation evolve into the accepted common-place of the next’.

A brief summary1

2018 ◽  
pp. 193-194
Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Community Activity ◽  
Individual Basis ◽  
Perverse Incentives ◽  
The Uk

This chapter summarises the main arguments for a Citizen's Basic Income. It first defines Citizen's Basic Income (sometimes called a Basic Income or a Citizen's Income) as an unconditional, automatic and nonwithdrawable regular income for each individual who is a legal resident of the UK, explaining in particular why it is unconditional, automatic and nonwithdrawable. It also gives emphasis on the fact that Citizen's Basic Incomes would be paid on an individual basis, rather than on the basis of a couple or household. Finally, it enumerates the benefits that a Citizen's Basic Income would bring, such as: promote social cohesion, reduce perverse incentives that discourage work and savings, and encourage caring and community activity. A graph shows what a Citizen's Basic Income looks like with respect to net income after tax and benefits and pre-tax income from all sources.

How did we get to where we are now?1

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Insurance Benefits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Family Allowance

This chapter discusses the past and current state of the debate on the Citizen's Basic Income. It begins with the Poor Law of 1601 to the era of means-tested benefits. In particular, it cites William Beveridge's 1942 report which proposed a comprehensive system of National Insurance Benefits and centrally administered National Assistance. It then traces the origins of universal benefits in the UK, from Family Allowance to Child Benefit, and considers other failed proposals to reform the tax and benefits systems, including Tax Credits and attempts at a Citizen's Basic Income. It also explains why proposals such as ‘Universal Credit’ were and have been implemented, but not the proposal for a Citizen's Basic Income. Finally, it describes the National Health Service's (NHS) provision of universal, unconditional and nonwithdrawable healthcare and the global debate over the Citizen's Basic Income, and especially with respect to its feasibility and implementation.

scholarly journals Flipping the Paradigm: A Qualitative Exploration of Research Translation Centres in the UK and Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Robinson ◽  
Helen Skouteris ◽  
Prue Burns ◽  
Angela Melder ◽  
Cate Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Workforce Development ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Leadership Strategies ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Healthcare Improvement ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background: Over the past decade Research Translation Centres have been established in many countries. These Centres (sometimes referred to as Academic Health Science Centres) were established to accelerate the generation and translation of new evidence that is responsive to health service and community priorities. This effectively ‘flips’ the traditional research and education paradigms because it requires active participation and continuous engagement with stakeholders (especially service users, the community and frontline clinicians). Although investment and expectations of RCTs are high, the literature confirms a need to better understand the processes RTCs use to mobilise knowledge, build workforce capacity and co-produce research with patients and the public to ensure population impact and drive healthcare improvement is needed. Methods: Semi structured interviews were conducted with selected leaders and members from RTCs in the UK and Australia. Convenience sampling was utilised based on geography, accessibility and availability. In addition, a snowballing approach was employed with further participants identified by RTC leaders and advisors from Public and Patient initiatives in the UK. Interviews were conducted face to face or via videoconferencing and were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a reflexive and inductive approach described by Braun and Clarke (2???). This involved re-reading and coding transcripts to generate initial themes. This inductive approach was used to identify patterns and common threads that were subsequently reviewed by two researchers to ensure consistentcy of themes. Results: A total of 41 participants, 22 from the UK and 19 from Australia were interviewed. Five major themes emerged including (1) dissonant metrics, (2) Different models of leadership (3) Public-Patient Involvement and research co-production (4) Workforce development (5) Barriers to collaboration. Conclusions: Participants identified the need for performance measures that capture community impact. Better aligned success metrics, enhanced leadership, strategies to partner with patients and the public, enhanced workforce development and strategies to enhance collaboration were all identified as crucial for RTCs to succeed.

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