scholarly journals Why Gayborhoods Matter: The Street Empirics of Urban Sexualities

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Ghaziani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Growth Machine ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Spatial Expressions

AbstractUrbanists have developed an extensive set of propositions about why gay neighborhoods form, how they change, shifts in their significance, and their spatial expressions. Existing research in this emerging field of “gayborhood studies” emphasizes macro-structural explanatory variables, including the economy (e.g., land values, urban governance, growth machine politics, affordability, and gentrification), culture (e.g., public opinions, societal acceptance, and assimilation), and technology (e.g., geo-coded mobile apps, online dating services). In this chapter, I use the residential logics of queer people—why they in their own words say that they live in a gay district—to show how gayborhoods acquire their significance on the streets. By shifting the analytic gaze from abstract concepts to interactions and embodied perceptions on the ground—a “street empirics” as I call it—I challenge the claim that gayborhoods as an urban form are outmoded or obsolete. More generally, my findings caution against adopting an exclusively supra-individual approach in urban studies. The reasons that residents provide for why their neighborhoods appeal to them showcase the analytic power of the streets for understanding what places mean and why they matter.

Urban Growth Machines—But at What Scale?

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
Neil Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Growth Machine ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Historical Investigation ◽  
Growth Machines ◽  
The City

Theories of the urban growth machine have long been a central analytical tool for contemporary research on urban governance. But in what sense are growth machines, in fact, “urban”? To what degree must “the city” serve as the spatial locus for growth machine strategies? To address such questions, this chapter critically evaluates the influential work of urban sociologists John Logan and Harvey Molotch on US growth machine dynamics. In contrast to an influential line of critique that reproaches these authors for their putative methodological localism, it is argued that their framework is, in fact, explicitly attuned to the role of interscalar politico-institutional relays in the construction of urban growth machines. These considerations lead to a dynamically multiscalar reading of the national institutional frameworks that have facilitated the formation of growth machines at the urban scale during the course of US territorial development. This analysis has broad methodological implications for the comparative-historical investigation of urban governance.

Municipal statecraft

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lauermann
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Place Branding ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Growth Machine ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Entrepreneurial City ◽  
Standard Operating

The entrepreneurial city is no longer (only) a growth machine: recession and austerity, new forms of financialization, and diverse experiments in urban policy have diluted local elites’ focus on growth. But entrepreneurial urban governance remains remarkably resilient despite its inability to deliver growth. Indeed, in many cities entrepreneurial tactics – e.g. municipal speculation, place branding, and inter-urban competition – are simply standard operating procedure. Recent scholarship on entrepreneurial urban governance demonstrates a need for re-theorizing the assumed interdependence between entrepreneurial practices and growth politics. This calls into question the nature of the ‘entrepreneurs’ of the entrepreneurial city, that is, the nature of municipal states. They increasingly (i) apply entrepreneurial practices to multiple governance agendas in parallel to growth, (ii) evaluate their portfolios in both speculative and more broadly experimental ways, and (iii) challenge top-down narratives about inter-urban competition through inter-urban diplomacy. Each of these characteristics shows the disruptive potential of interventionist forms of municipal statecraft.

Origins and Consequences of the Real Estate Turn

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Shatkin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Land Values ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Common

This chapter traces the most significant factors that have led to dramatic increases in land values across Asia, and analyzes government responses to these increases in different countries. The emergence of urban real estate megaprojects as an ideal began in the late 1980s in three cities—Jakarta, Bangkok, and Metro Manila—as these cities experienced rapidly increasing land values as they became targets for Japanese foreign direct investment. The model emerged in other cities in China, India, and elsewhere at specific moments when these countries experienced rapid influxes of foreign capital, driving up land values and creating massive rent gaps that foreign and domestic investors sought to monetize through development. The chapter details a common set of reforms to the financial sector, land management, property rights, and urban governance and politics, that mark the common manifestations of the ‘real estate turn’ in urban policy in different cities at different moments.

Unifying Urban Land Use and Land Value Theories

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Ian Thrall
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Land Uses

The market analysis report that is submitted to the decision maker (see chapter 4) should include a descriptive, qualitative overview of the context the real estate project has to the existing and changing urban environment. To better accomplish this task, one should have knowledge of the general theory regarding the market processes that bring about land use and urban form. This chapter presents three relevant general theories of land use and land value. Together, these general theories provide a general qualitative understanding of how the existing urban environment came to be and allows the analyst to prognosticate the trajectory of change of urban land uses and land values. The first two of the general theories presented here arose out of an attempt to explain agricultural land values and land uses. Why should a discussion of the agronomy sector be included in a book on urban real estate analysis? First, all the general theories relevant to land values and land use, and their spatial distribution within a city, are part of an intellectual heritage that dates from general theories of agricultural land values and land use. Second, much of new urban development occurs at those suburban margins. To understand development at the suburban margins, there must be an understanding of the nonurban land uses and land values at those locations. The third general theory explains spatial equilibrium and its role in shaping urban land values and land uses. Two eighteenth-century theorists, David Ricardo and Johann Heinrich von Thünen, are credited for having created a vast and sometimes opposing literature on land valuation. Ricardo’s economic theory was based upon the relative productivity of sites. In contrast, von Thünen’s geographic theory was focused on the locational component of land values and land use. The juxtaposition of these two competing giants of land theory in many respects still differentiates economists and geographers even today. After the theories of Ricardo and von Thünen are presented, an overview of the consumption theory of land rent (CTLR) is provided. The CTLR is my general theory and methodology for evaluating urban housing land use, land values, and urban form (Thrall 1980, 1987, and see 1991).

Delhi

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Vanaik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
National Capital ◽  
The One

Delhi has a unique place among the three big metropolises of India. Compared to Mumbai and Kolkata, Delhi’s history is much older: stretching back to the 12th century. Its growth in size, however, is much more recent. From a population of a little over a million in 1951, Delhi and its satellites—the National Capital Region (NCR)—had a population of over eighteen million in the 2011 census. In fact, Delhi’s urban history can be divided neatly at independence. Before that time, Delhi’s urban form reflected its repeated (but not continuous) status as a setting of political power. For the period of explosive urban growth after independence, scholarship about planning initiatives and their discontents abounds. There are excellent accounts of the movement from high-modernist planning to the more recent invocations of making Delhi a world-class city. Inadequate housing and repeated displacements of the poor are keynotes in this scholarship. Social movements, particularly those of the urban poor, have been an important theme from the middle of the first decade of the 21st century. Alongside spatial conflicts over planning, there is a rich vein of empirical work, and some theorization, of the ways in which political mobilizations around religion have shaped the city. Scholars have also dwelt on the complicated structure of urban governance in Delhi—as national capital and burgeoning metropolis, as an urban region that spans four separate provinces, as a megacity engulfing rural pockets, and as an administrative and commercial center ringed by an industrial periphery. Urban interventions aimed at improving Delhi’s environment have also been a topic of scholarly study. Thus, the expulsion of so-called polluting industries in Delhi, on the one hand, has gone together with the emergence of industrial zones in the peripheries of the NCR. Broadly speaking, the scholarship on historical urbanisms in Delhi points to the ways in which shifting structures of power generated urban forms in the Delhi landscape. Unsurprisingly, one manifestation of this long history has been in the active presence of heritage discourses. There is a particularly rich literature on the ways in which the present and the past coexist in modern Delhi, and the multiple possibilities for place-making opened up thereby. The author would like to thank Deepasri Baul and the anonymous reviewer for their suggestions.

scholarly journals OK Cupid, Stop Bumbling around and Match Me Tinder: Using Dating Apps Across the Life Course

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142094749
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Marston ◽  
Kelly Niles-Yokum ◽  
Sarah Earle ◽  
Barbara Gomez ◽  
David M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Positive Aging ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Life Course

Social connectedness, sex, and intimacy are all factors associated with positive aging, facing individuals in society across the life course. Phenomenal technological developments in the 21st century have led to the increased use of smartphones, mobile apps, and dating apps for a myriad of services, and engagements. This paper focuses on two specific cohorts’ who have the opportunity to engage with dating apps, older adults and young citizens with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions, and highlights issues related to the intersection of technology, societal constructions of age, disability, and online dating.

The financialising local growth machine in Chicago

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1404-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Farmer ◽  
Chris D Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Local Growth ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Investment Environment ◽  
Growth Machine ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Civic Organisation ◽  
Planning Processes

In this article, we explore how global infrastructure investment funds and actors are financialising the local growth machine in Chicago, and how Chicago’s transforming growth machine uses its influence to financialise urban governance policy goals and institutional arrangements. We view global infrastructure investors through the lens of place entrepreneurs seeking to extract monopoly rents from urban infrastructure. As place entrepreneurs, global infrastructure investors have an interest in forming alliances with other place entrepreneurs to generate political and institutional capacity for infrastructure financialisation. Our case study examines the concrete and specific ways in which global financial firms and actors work in partnership with Chicago’s business civic organisation, World Business Chicago, to shape the City of Chicago’s planning processes and orchestrate a more mature institutional-regulatory infrastructure investment environment through the formation of the Chicago Infrastructure Trust, the city’s public–private partnership infrastructure bank.

Colonial Township Laws and Urban Governance in Kenya

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Home
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
British Colonies ◽  
Dual Mandate ◽  
Trust Lands

AbstractRapid population and urban growth in Africa pose severe challenges to development planning and management. This article argues that weak urban governance in Kenya results from the colonial legal order's shaping of urban form. Kenya's colonial laws, drawing from those in other British colonies (especially South Africa) and British statute law on local government, public health, housing and town planning, controlled African labour and movement, and Africans' relation to towns. These laws included ordinances on registration, “master and servant” and vagrancy, while detailed township rules enforced racial segregation and exclusion; the Feetham Commission (1926) led to a hierarchy of local authorities, with no African representation until the 1950s. The dual mandate ideology resulted in different land tenure in the white-settled areas and trust lands; the late introduction of individual land ownership in the trust lands created problems of peri-urban, unplanned development outside the old township boundaries.

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