Biomarkers of Esophageal Cancers and Precancerous Lesions

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-153
Author(s):  
Manisha Bajpai ◽  
Zhongren (David) Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Esophageal Cancers

The role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of different severity

2016 ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
O.A. Taran ◽  
A.N. Koshmienskaya ◽  
T.V. Lobastova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
The Third ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

The objective: the finding of protein expression of apoptosis regulator BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin and the antigen Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of different severity to optimize the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Patients and methods. The study involved 42 women of reproductive age with cervical intraepithelial the neoplasia of the cervix varying degrees applied to the doctor of cervical pathology Zhitomir regional oncologic dispensary. All women (n=42) were divided into groups. The first group included 15 patients (35.7%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with mild. The second group included 13 women (31%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia a moderate degree. The third group was represented by patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with severe – 14 respondents (33.3 per cent). Results. Marker BCL-2 in patients of the first group was positive in 7 patients (46.7%), Smooth Muscule Actin was positive in 9 patients (60%) and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 8 of the surveyed women (53.3%). In the second group of BCL-2 was positive in 8 patients (61.5%), Clone 124, Smooth Muscule Actin, Clone 1A4 was positive in 9 patients (69.2%), and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 12 of the surveyed women (92.3%). Marker BCL-2 in patients of the third group was positive in 12 patients (85.7%), Smooth Muscule Actin was positive in 10 patients (71.4%) and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 13 of the surveyed women (92.9% ). Conclusion. Carcinogenesis is associated with molecular genetic damage to the cervix. Some of the products of this process can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers of tumor progression. Determination of protein expression of apoptosis regulator BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin and the antigen Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia makes it possible to accurately verify the diagnosis and to predict the course of pathological changes in the flat epithelium of the cervix. Key words: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, morphological diagnostics of precancerous lesions, BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin, Ki-67.

Expedited Resolution of 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Erythema and Barrier Dysfunction with White Petrolatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Melody Maarouf ◽  
Bryan Kromenacker ◽  
Eric Brucks ◽  
Vivian Shi
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Risk Of Progression

Actinic keratoses (AK) are precancerous lesions that develop on chronically sun-exposed skin. They frequently require prophylactic field treatment due to the risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma. Topical treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) yields near complete AK resolution, yet leaves a patient with an exuberant erythematous treatment site, which may be embarrassing and/or uncomfortable. We report a case of a patient with diffuse facial AK who was treated with 5-FU twice daily for 2 weeks, resulting in fiery-red erythema and disrupted barrier indices. Application of pure ultra white petroleum jelly, an emollient preferred by dermatologists for post-operative wound healing, resulted in drastic decreased erythema and recovery time of post-treatment transepidermal water loss and hydration, compared to the contralateral, non-petrolatum-treated side. Additionally, petrolatum use did not disrupt the AK resolution endpoint. We suggest that petroleum jelly be used for the repair of 5-FU-induced barrier disruption and erythema to promote greater patient adherence. 

Different expressions of Wnt5a in pancreatic cancer and precancerous lesions

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Wei WANG ◽  
Xiao-hua MAN ◽  
Jian-ming ZHENG ◽  
Zhao-shen LI ◽  
Jun GAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Precancerous Lesions

In silico approach for designing a novel recombinant fusion protein as a Candidate Vaccine against HPV

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Sisakht ◽  
Amir Mahmoodzadeh ◽  
Mohammadsaeid Zahedi ◽  
Davood Rostamzadeh ◽  
Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Candidate Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Hpv16 E6 ◽  
E7 Proteins

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main biological agent causing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including precancerous lesions and several types of prevalent cancers. To date, numerous types of vaccines are designed to prevent high-risk HPV. However, their prophylactic effect is not the same and does not clear previous infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing therapeutic vaccines that trigger cell-mediated immune responses for the treatment of HPV. The HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins are ideal targets for vaccine therapy against HPV. Fusion protein vaccines, which include both immunogenic interest protein and an adjuvant for augmenting the immunogenicity effects, are theoretically capable of guarantee the power of the immune system against HPV. Method: A vaccine construct, including HPV16 E6/E7 proteins along with a heat shock protein GP96 (E6/E7-NTGP96 construct), was designed using in silico methods. By the aid of the SWISS-MODEL server, the optimal 3D model of the designed vaccine was selected, followed by physicochemical and molecular parameters were performed using bioinformatics tools. Docking studies were done to evaluate the binding interaction of the vaccine. Allergenicity, immunogenicity, B, and T cell epitopes of the designed construct were predicted. Results: Immunological and structural computational results illustrated that our designed construct is potentially proper for stimulation of cellular and humoral immune responses against HPV. Conclusion: Computational studies showed that the E6/E7-NTGP96 construct is a promising candidate vaccine that needs further in vitro and in vivo evaluations.

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