X-Ray Studies of Energy Materials

Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Miller ◽  
Michael F. Toney
Keyword(s):  
Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunfang Zhu ◽  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Hongbo Liang ◽  
Zhengyue Wang ◽  
Jun Dong ◽  
...  

Low surface energy materials have attracted much attention due to their properties and various applications. In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of ultraviolet (UV)-curable fluorinated siloxane polymers with various fluorinated acrylates—hexafluorobutyl acrylate, dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate, and trifluorooctyl methacrylate—grafted onto a hydrogen-containing poly(dimethylsiloxane) backbone. The structures of the fluorinated siloxane polymers were measured and confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Then the polymers were used as surface modifiers of UV-curable commercial polyurethane (DR-U356) at different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 wt %). Among three formulations of these fluorinated siloxane polymers modified with DR-U356, hydrophobic states (91°, 92°, and 98°) were obtained at low concentrations (1 wt %). The DR-U356 resin is only in the hydrophilic state at 59.41°. The fluorine and siloxane element contents were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the results indicated that the fluorinated and siloxane elements were liable to migrate to the surface of resins. The results of the friction recovering assays showed that the recorded contact angles of the series of fluorinated siloxane resins were higher than the original values after the friction-annealing progressing.


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (S2) ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
Kai zhang ◽  
Fang Ren ◽  
Xuelong Wang ◽  
Enyuan Hu ◽  
Xiao-Qing Yang ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C860-C860
Author(s):  
Hyunjeong Kim

Numerous energy materials with improved properties often show nano- or heavily disordered structural features which are hardly characterized by the conventional crystallographic technique alone. By using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis [1]on X-ray and neutron total scattering data, we have investigated various energy materials to elucidate structural features closely linked to their properties. Some of the examples are heavily disordered V1-xTixH2 for hydrogen storage [2] and layered Li1.2Mn0.567Ni0.166Co0.067O2 cathode material for lithium ion batteries. These materials possess an intricate structure and could easily lead to misleading results if one relies on only one structure probing technique. In this talk, I will show how their structural information was extracted from the x-ray and neutron PDFs obtained at BL22XU at SPring-8 and NOVA at J-PARC, respectively and how it was used with information available from other techniques to understand the properties of these energy materials.


2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 943-948
Author(s):  
Katja Hauschildt ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Hilmar Burmester ◽  
Ursula Tietze ◽  
Norbert Schell ◽  
...  

TiAl alloys are increasingly used as a lightweight material, for example in aero engines, which also leads to the requirement for suitable repair techniques. Transient liquid phase bonding is a promising method for the closure of cracks (in non-critical or non-highly loaded areas). The brazing solder Ti-24Ni was investigated for brazing the alloy Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C (in at. %). After brazing, the joint exhibits different microstructures and phase compositions. The transient liquid phase bonding process was investigated in the middle of the joint region in situ to acquire time resolved information of the phases, their development, and thus the brazing process. These investigations were performed using high-energy X-ray diffraction at the “High-Energy Materials Science” beamline HEMS, located at the synchrotron radiation facility PETRA III at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. For this, we used an induction furnace, which is briefly described here. During the analysis of the diffraction data with Rietveld refinement, the amount of liquid was refined with Gaussian peaks and thus could be quantified. Furthermore, while brazing four different phases occurred in the middle of the joint region over time. Additionally, the degree of ordering of the βo phase was determined with two ideal stoichiometric phases (completely ordered and disordered). Altogether, the phase composition changed clearly over the first six hours of the brazing process.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 872-872
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Cordes ◽  
Joshua Kane ◽  
Aaron Craft

2015 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 264-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan J. Crumlin ◽  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Hendrik Bluhm ◽  
Wanli Yang ◽  
Jinghua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

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