Flat Glass Industry in 1920−1980

2014 ◽  
pp. 41-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olavi Uusitalo
Keyword(s):  
Glass Industry ◽  
Flat Glass

scholarly journals Analysis of Energy Consumption of Indonesian Flat Glass Industry PT. X Based on Green Industry Standards

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Reviana Revitasari ◽  
Bambang Heru Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Glass Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

The natural resource consumption is higher along with the increasing needs of people in various sectors, which affect the environment directly or indirectly. Especially for energy consumption, the supply and availability of fossil energy, as a non-renewable energy, are increasingly depleted and not guaranteed in the long run, coupled with the issue of emissions generated. The industrial sector as a driver of the national economy, including the flat glass industry as a case study, is an energy intensive sector. Almost 83% of its energy consumption used for operating the furnaces as the main production unit with temperature up to 1700 °C continuously about 15 years. The increasing of effectiveness and efficiency of energy consumption in the glass manufacturing process will affect significantly to sustainable production in PT. X and gives many other valuable impacts to the economic growth, environment, and society. So, this study analyzes about the energy consumption in PT. X based on Green Industry Standards, believed as a proper strategy, the benchmark of some standards or related regulations for energy consumption in several countries, and the opportunity of the green industry concept implementation in the glass manufacturing process. The methods were studied of literature, plant observation, interview, and data calculation manually and using spreadsheets. The results indicate that the Flat Glass Industry PT. X requires the improvement to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of energy consumption to get the sustainable production.

Review Lecture: The float glass process

1969 ◽  
Vol 314 (1516) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Industry ◽  
Molten Glass ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Glass Process ◽  
Plastic Character ◽  
Float Process

My subject is the float process for making flat glass. I would like, first of all, to put the float process into perspective by describing briefly, and in simple terms, the methods used for making flat glass before and at the time of the invention of the float process and then to describe the development of the process itself and the position it occupies in the flat glass industry today. Finally, I would like to describe in as much depth as time allows, three of the main problems which had to be tackled in developing this process. The Egyptians seem to have been the first people to realize what could be done with glass when it is hot and plastic, and they made vessels for cosmetics and perfumes by, it is assumed, trailing molten glass around a shaped core. By Roman times glass was being blown and moulded, cut and engraved, painted and gilded, and the Romans had mastered the plastic character of heat softened glass so fundamental to today’s processes.

scholarly journals The Resource Base of Silica Glass Sand versus Glass Industry Development: The Case of Poland

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Anna Burkowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Galos ◽  
Katarzyna Guzik
Keyword(s):  
Glass Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Continue Production ◽  
Glass Silica ◽  
Glass Sand ◽  
Increasing Demand

The production of glass in Poland, especially of container and flat glass, has constantly risen for at least 30 years. New investments in this sector, which have recently been completed or are currently in progress, create optimistic prospects for further development of this industry, whose total annual production capacities in the next few years is expected to exceed 4 million tons. This will result in increasing demand for basic glass-making raw materials, especially high-quality silica sand (glass sand), which can be satisfied almost entirely from domestic sources. Poland as a country with a considerable resource base of these mineral raw materials, has noted a constantly growing production level that currently reaches approximately 2.8 million tons per year. This paper aims to characterize and interpret the development trends in the Polish glass industry in an international context, as well as the resulting increase in demand for glass sand. In this context, an attempt was made to answer questions concerning the sufficiency of the Polish domestic resource base for the production of glass sand. For this study, the leading recent international and Polish analyses, related to glass industry development, the resource base of glass silica sand, and the management of these types of sand, were taken into account, and were complemented by official statistical data and surveying of domestic glass producers. The performed analysis showed that when taking into account the available glass sand resources in developed deposits in Poland, it is possible to continue production at the existing or a slightly increasing level for another 20–25 years. Based on a more comprehensive perspective, however, it would be a good approach to continue providing access to those parts of currently extracted deposits of silica sand and sandstone that are now located outside of the existing exploitation licenses, as well as enabling the development of some satellite deposits in the Tomaszów Basin, which may prove difficult due to environmental factors.

scholarly journals Developing Value Innovation Strategy In The "Blue Ocean Shift" Framework At The Flat Glass Industry In Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Rudy Subagio
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Glass Industry ◽  
Glass Factory ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Value Innovation ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Face ◽  
Basic Concepts

Competition in the flat glass market in Indonesia since 2015 has been increasingly severe because much imported glass has entered Indonesia. The rapid rate of imported glass is due to two factors:  the enactment of the free trade pact in Southeast Asia and the expansion of the Chinese glass factory that built new factories in the Southeast Asia region, especially in Malaysia. Most of the imported glass entering Indonesia is commodity glass at a lower than local products, so they have begun to take a portion of the market share of local products. This competition is getting more onerous because the local flat glass industry has difficulties in reducing the price to be equal or lower than competitors' price due to the production cost structure is already too high. This research explores the basic concepts of strategies carried out by local flat glass companies in the face of competition in the flat glass industry. This is based on the concept of value innovation in the framework of “blue ocean shift.”  The research method used is an exploratory case study draws on an in-depth field study conducted in a local flat glass company based in Indonesia. 

scholarly journals General View of Flat Glass Industry.

1955 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
Bumpei Yoshiki
Keyword(s):  
Glass Industry ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
General View
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