Environmental and Urban Spatial Analysis Based on a 3D City Model

2015 ◽  
pp. 633-645
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Leszek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model

scholarly journals Creation and Spatial Analysis of 3D City Modeling based on GIS Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-123
Author(s):  
Heba K. Khayyal ◽  
Zaki M. Zeidan ◽  
Ashraf A. A. Beshr
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Modeling ◽  
City Model ◽  
The Creation

The 3D city model is one of the crucial topics that are still under analysis by many engineers and programmers because of the great advancements in data acquisition technologies and 3D computer graphics programming. It is one of the best visualization methods for representing reality. This paper presents different techniques for the creation and spatial analysis of 3D city modeling based on Geographical Information System (GIS) technology using free data sources. To achieve that goal, the Mansoura University campus, located in Mansoura city, Egypt, was chosen as a case study. The minimum data requirements to generate a 3D city model are the terrain, 2D spatial features such as buildings, landscape area and street networks. Moreover, building height is an important attribute in the 3D extrusion process. The main challenge during the creation process is the dearth of accurate free datasets, and the time-consuming editing. Therefore, different data sources are used in this study to evaluate their accuracy and find suitable applications which can use the generated 3D model. Meanwhile, an accurate data source obtained using the traditional survey methods is used for the validation purpose. First, the terrain was obtained from a digital elevation model (DEM) and compared with grid leveling measurements. Second, 2D data were obtained from: the manual digitization from (30 cm) high-resolution imagery, and deep learning structure algorithms to detect the 2D features automatically using an object instance segmentation model and compared the results with the total station survey observations. Different techniques are used to investigate and evaluate the accuracy of these data sources. The procedural modeling technique is applied to generate the 3D city model. TensorFlow & Keras frameworks (Python APIs) were used in this paper; moreover, global mapper, ArcGIS Pro, QGIS and CityEngine software were used. The precision metrics from the trained deep learning model were 0.78 for buildings, 0.62 for streets and 0.89 for landscape areas. Despite, the manual digitizing results are better than the results from deep learning, but the extracted features accuracy is accepted and can be used in the creation process in the cases not require a highly accurate 3D model. The flood impact scenario is simulated as an application of spatial analysis on the generated 3D city model. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-08 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals FIRST STEPS TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED CITYGML-BASED 3D MODEL OF VIENNA

2016 ◽  
Vol III-4 ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Agugiaro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
First Results ◽  
Sustainable Energy Systems ◽  
City Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models

This paper presents and discusses the results regarding the initial steps (selection, analysis, preparation and eventual integration of a number of datasets) for the creation of an integrated, semantic, three-dimensional, and CityGML-based virtual model of the city of Vienna. CityGML is an international standard conceived specifically as information and data model for semantic city models at urban and territorial scale. It is being adopted by more and more cities all over the world. <br><br> The work described in this paper is embedded within the European Marie-Curie ITN project “Ci-nergy, Smart cities with sustainable energy systems”, which aims, among the rest, at developing urban decision making and operational optimisation software tools to minimise non-renewable energy use in cities. Given the scope and scale of the project, it is therefore vital to set up a common, unique and spatio-semantically coherent urban model to be used as information hub for all applications being developed. This paper reports about the experiences done so far, it describes the test area and the available data sources, it shows and exemplifies the data integration issues, the strategies developed to solve them in order to obtain the integrated 3D city model. The first results as well as some comments about their quality and limitations are presented, together with the discussion regarding the next steps and some planned improvements.

scholarly journals SYSTEM DESIGN, CALIBRATION AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL 360° STEREO PANORAMIC MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol IV-1/W1 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
S. Blaser ◽  
S. Nebiker ◽  
S. Cavegn
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Mobile Mapping System ◽  
City Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mobile Mapping Systems ◽  
Street Environment

Image-based mobile mapping systems enable the efficient acquisition of georeferenced image sequences, which can later be exploited in cloud-based 3D geoinformation services. In order to provide a 360° coverage with accurate 3D measuring capabilities, we present a novel 360° stereo panoramic camera configuration. By using two 360° panorama cameras tilted forward and backward in combination with conventional forward and backward looking stereo camera systems, we achieve a full 360° multi-stereo coverage. We furthermore developed a fully operational new mobile mapping system based on our proposed approach, which fulfils our high accuracy requirements. We successfully implemented a rigorous sensor and system calibration procedure, which allows calibrating all stereo systems with a superior accuracy compared to that of previous work. Our study delivered absolute 3D point accuracies in the range of 4 to 6 cm and relative accuracies of 3D distances in the range of 1 to 3 cm. These results were achieved in a challenging urban area. Furthermore, we automatically reconstructed a 3D city model of our study area by employing all captured and georeferenced mobile mapping imagery. The result is a very high detailed and almost complete 3D city model of the street environment.

scholarly journals 3D MODELLING AND VISUALIZATION BASED ON THE UNITY GAME ENGINE – ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES

2017 ◽  
Vol IV-4/W4 ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Buyuksalih ◽  
S. Bayburt ◽  
G. Buyuksalih ◽  
A. P. Baskaraca ◽  
H. Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Modelling ◽  
Database Integration ◽  
Game Engine ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
City Model ◽  
Analysis Platform

3D City modelling is increasingly popular and becoming valuable tools in managing big cities. Urban and energy planning, landscape, noise-sewage modelling, underground mapping and navigation are among the applications/fields which really depend on 3D modelling for their effectiveness operations. Several research areas and implementation projects had been carried out to provide the most reliable 3D data format for sharing and functionalities as well as visualization platform and analysis. For instance, BIMTAS company has recently completed a project to estimate potential solar energy on 3D buildings for the whole Istanbul and now focussing on 3D utility underground mapping for a pilot case study. The research and implementation standard on 3D City Model domain (3D data sharing and visualization schema) is based on CityGML schema version 2.0. However, there are some limitations and issues in implementation phase for large dataset. Most of the limitations were due to the visualization, database integration and analysis platform (Unity3D game engine) as highlighted in this paper.

scholarly journals ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF 3D MODELS GENERATED FROM GOOGLE STREET VIEW IMAGERY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bruno ◽  
R. Roncella
Keyword(s):  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Google Street View ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Street View ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
City Model

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Google Street View is a technology implemented in several Google services/applications (e.g. Google Maps, Google Earth) which provides the user, interested in viewing a particular location on the map, with panoramic images (represented in equi-rectangular projection) at street level. Generally, consecutive panoramas are acquired with an average distance of 5&amp;ndash;10<span class="thinspace"></span>m and can be compared to a traditional photogrammetric strip and, thus, processed to reconstruct portion of city at nearly zero cost. Most of the photogrammetric software packages available today implement spherical camera models and can directly process images in equi-rectangular projection. Although many authors provided in the past relevant works that involved the use of Google Street View imagery, mainly for 3D city model reconstruction, very few references can be found about the actual accuracy that can be obtained with such data. The goal of the present work is to present preliminary tests (at time of writing just three case studies has been analysed) about the accuracy and reliability of the 3D models obtained from Google Street View panoramas.</p>

scholarly journals PCA based 3D City Model Generalization for Electricity Simulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Fanfan Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Shengya Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D City Model ◽  
Model Generalization ◽  
City Model

A 3D City Model as User Interface Connected to an Energy Model

2014 ◽  
pp. 228-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Kjems ◽  
Poul Alberg Østergaard
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Precise Calculation ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model ◽  
The City

Back in 2007 the municipality of Frederikshavn in Northern Jutland in Denmark decided to use only 100% renewable energy for electricity, heat and transport by the year of 2015. Frederikshavn, the largest city in the municipality, was naturally chosen as case city. To be able to verify whether the green energy balance is possible to achieve, it was necessary to create energy scenarios for the whole city and also give the possibility to alter the current energy production and consumption. At the same time the city decided to involve as many people living in the city as possible, making it a project for the citizens of Frederikshavn. One result of this decision was an interactive Web application developed at Aalborg University. The application uses a 3D city model of the city of Frederikshavn as interface and gives the possibility to alter inputs for the energy consumption and energy production of the city using sliders and buttons as part of the interface. While the 3D model gives an immediate visual result, a connection to an underlying numerical energy model developed in earlier years at the University delivers a quite precise calculation on all vital data involved in the overall calculation of renewable energy within a closed energy system. This chapter describes the underlying theories and methods for creating such a system and presents the system, which can be understood as a case story among many.

Smart City and Digital Twins

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Sara Giaveno
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Building Information ◽  
City Model ◽  
Technical Features

The chapter proposed aims at facing the various implications underlying the smart city concept based on digital twins. The structure of the text is articulated in three main themes: the use of the term “smart city” and the role that technologies had in its definition; the “3D city model” meaning and the integration procedures between BIM (building information modeling) and GIS (geographic information system); the classification of 3D city models by use cases. The chapter can provide researchers with a detailed dissertation aimed at clarifying both the theoretical and technical features belonging to smart city and its related innovative technologies.

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