Subdural Space of the Brain and Its Coverings

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sailike Duishanbai ◽  
Mohammad Sami ◽  
Geng Dangmurenjiafu ◽  
Mehmet Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Subdural Space ◽  
The Brain

SUBDURAL FLUID AS A CONSEQUENCE OF PNEUMOENCEPHALOGRAPHY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
HONOR V. SMITH ◽  
BRONSON CROTHERS
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Superior Longitudinal Sinus ◽  
The Brain

When lumbar or cisternal pneumoencephalography is carried out on children with nonprogressive brain lesions causing mental deficiency, cerebral palsy or epilepsy, air is seen in the subdural space in at least a third of cases. This proportion is much larger in children 2 years of age or under. The roentgenographic appearances of subdural air are described and the importance of not attributing these appearances to cerebral atrophy or hypoplasia is emphasized. In approximately one third of cases in which air enters the subdural space, that is, in from 10% to 15% of all cases, recovery from pneumoencephalography is delayed by the development of signs and symptoms suggesting a rise in intracranial pressure. In such cases fluid can usually be found by needling the subdural space. Typically this fluid is characteristic of that found in subdural hematoma. There is no evidence that such a collection of fluid was present before pneumoencephalography. It is therefore suggested that as air enters the subdural space and the brain falls away from the dura, vessels may be torn as they cross this space to reach the superior longitudinal sinus, with the formation of what may be termed subdural hematoma artefacta. Although the incidence of this complication is moderately high, its effects are seldom serious, provided the situation is appreciated and suitable treatment given. The length of time the child spends in the hospital is, however, often greatly prolonged and occasionally operation proves necessary for removal of a subdural membrane. Since the subdural hematoma is an artefact occurring in the course of treatment, its removal does not influence the ultimate prognosis.

Supratentorial and parafalcial subdural empyema diagnosed by computerized tomography

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Borovich ◽  
Jacob Braun ◽  
Silvia Honigman ◽  
Henry Z. Joachims ◽  
Eli Peyser
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Subdural Empyema ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Carotid Angiography ◽  
Successful Result ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is presented in which computerized tomography (CT) demonstrated a supratentorial and parafalcial purulent collection. However, neither carotid angiography nor CT revealed the small scattered pockets of pus that were found over the convexity at operation. The entire subdural space was exposed by a wide craniectomy, permitting adequate subdural drainage and decompression of the brain. It is thought that thorough drainage of the entire subdural space is crucial for the attainment of a successful result in a singlestage operation.

Giant ecchordosis physaliphora in an adolescent girl

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Krisht ◽  
Cheryl A. Palmer ◽  
Anne G. Osborn ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girl ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dorsal Aspect ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Ecchordosis Physaliphora ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Mib 1

The authors describe a rare case of giant ecchordosis physaliphora (EP) in a 16-year-old female patient who presented with diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with Gd contrast revealed a 3.0 × 1.7 × 1.8–cm nonenhancing, extraaxial epidural mass along the dorsal aspect of the clivus that was T2 hyperintense and T1 isointense with intermediate signal on diffusion sequences. Resection via a transnasal transsphenoidal approach to the ventral clival wall resulted in a stable tumor size with no evidence of interval growth after 30 months. Although this case features a strictly extradural EP, this tumor more commonly occurs in the subdural space and requires differentiation from intradural chordoma. Unlike EP, intradural chordoma may enhance with Gd contrast, is more likely to be associated with cranial nerve palsies and brainstem symptoms, and will occasionally have an elevated MIB-1 index. In this paper the authors highlight the different possible midline locations for both EP and chordoma, the difficulty in distinguishing between intradural giant EP and intradural chordoma, and the potential occurrence of these lesions in young people despite their typically slow rate of growth, while also underscoring the need for further investigation into the tumors' cytogenetic behavior.

scholarly journals Concurrent multiple intracranial and intramedullary tuberculoma: a rare form of neurotuberculosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh Tanwar ◽  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
Nikhil Govil ◽  
Sameer Arora ◽  
Ruchi Jagota
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Progressive Paraparesis ◽  
The Brain

Central nervous system tuberculosis is a serious form of tuberculosis. Tuberculous CNS involvement can occur in the form of TB meningitis, tuberculous Vasculitis, tuberculoma and rarely brain abscess. Tubercular granulomas generally solitary and occurs in the brain but it may be multiple and involve other areas such as spinal cord, epidural space and subdural space also. Tuberculoma in the spinal cord is rare. Concurrent occurrence of brain tuberculomas along with intramedullary spinal tuberculoma is even rarer. Only few cases have been reported in world literature. We are reporting a 28 years old female who presented with headache and progressive paraparesis in which imaging revealed intracranial and intramedullary tuberculoma and recovered completely with antitubercular therapy without any surgical intervention.Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2015;04(01):25-27

Spontaneous Arterial Subdural Hematoma

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McDermott ◽  
Ross J. F. Fleming ◽  
Graham R. Vanderlinden ◽  
William S. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Small Artery ◽  
Subdural Hematomas ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The occurrence of spontaneous arterial subdural hematomas is very rare. We report five patients who presented with sudden severe headache and who developed progressive neurological deficits, two becoming comatose. None had a history of trauma. A diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage was suspected in all patients, but all proved to have subdural hematomas caused by “spontaneous” rupture of a cortical artery. Nineteen similar cases have been reported in the English literature. The source of bleeding was identified as a cortical artery located near the sylvian region in four of our five patients and in most of the reported cases. There are several possible anatomical situations that may predispose a cortical artery to “spontaneous” rupture: (a) spontaneous rupture of a cortical artery at the point of origin of a fragile arterial twig, especially a right-angled branch, a point of potential weakness; (b) rupture of a small artery traversing the subdural space and connecting a cortical artery to the dura mater (a “bridging” artery); (c) adhesions between a cortical artery and arachnoid or dura mater; (d) a knuckle of cortical artery protruding through the arachnoid and adherent to the dura mater. In each situation, the artery is probably torn by a sudden movement of the brain during a vigorous head movement, not severe enough to be considered trauma.

Chronic Subdural Hematoma

Neurotrauma ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Toop ◽  
Benjamin McGahan ◽  
Varun Shah ◽  
John McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Subdural Drain ◽  
The Brain

Chronic subdural hematomas are collections of blood in the subdural space. They can present variably in size and age. They can present as a single hemorrhage event or with evidence of repeated hemorrhages. They tend to be more common in an aging population. The associated trauma can be surprisingly minimal. The brain atrophy associated with old age allows for more room for subdural blood to pool prior to causing significant neurological dysfunction. They may occur spontaneously, and the symptoms relate to mass effect and irritation of the cortical surface. Treatment varies depending on presenting symptoms, size, chronicity, and degree of septations. Care should be taken in surgical cases to avoid disruption of the cortical surface, assure hemostasis prior to closure, and consider placement of a subdural drain. Growing evidence suggests there is a roll for conservative management in select presentations.

Sparganosis of the brain

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyoshi Mineura ◽  
Teruaki Mori
Keyword(s):  
Korean Woman ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clonic Convulsions ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A patient is reported with sparganosis of the brain involving Sparganum mansoni. This 33-year-old Korean woman had complained of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions during the 5 years before operation. Right frontotemporal craniotomy was performed, and a live Sparganum mansoni was removed from the subdural space. To date, this tapeworm has been reported in only two autopsied human brains. This is the first case in which a live Sparganum mansoni was successfully removed from the intracranial region.

CLINICAL CONFERENCE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Joseph Ransohoff
Keyword(s):  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Anterior Fontanelle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Therapeutic Problem ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tentative Diagnosis ◽  
Internal Hydrocephalus

Dr. Ransohoff: I want to draw your attention to a group of infants with chronic subdural hematoma. The distinctive feature of these patients is marked enlargement of the skull. This megalocephaly was of such a degree in eight patients we treated that they were all admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of internal hydrocephalus. The presence of subdural hematoma was only discovered in these children at the time of tipping the subdural space through the enlarged anterior fontanelle prior to carrying out ventriculography. When air is injected into the subdural space in these patients, roentgenograms reveal fairly normal-sized cerebral hemispheres surrounded by hugely distended subdural spaces. We believe that it is this disproportion between the size of the boney vault and the size of the underlying brain which makes this group a special therapeutic problem (Fig. 1). When a surgeon drains blood and fluid from the subdural space, he expects the underlying compressed brain to re-expand and obliterate the remaining cavity. If the lesion is of long standing, he may find it necessary to remove the inner membrane of the subdural hematoma, which is covering the surface of the brain, before the expected re-expansion can occur. However, when the cranium has been so enlarged by bilateral subdural collections that it is considerably larger than the normal-sized brain, the brain cannot be expected to re-expand sufficiently to fill the entire cavity. We became aware of this therapeutic dilemma after applying the usual techniques of treatment to a 3-month-old infant admitted in 1952 with a definite history of trauma. After the removal of about 350 ml of subdural fluid by daily subdural taps, we made bone flaps, bilateral and frontoparietal, and removed the inner membranes of the subdural hematomas, 1 week apart.

scholarly journals Surgical Management and Functional Outcome of Primary Convexity Subdural Empyema With Inter-hemispheric Extension: A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moayad Moawia Zain Elabdin Ahmed ◽  
Shahd A.Y Alias ◽  
Mukashfi E. A. Ali ◽  
Zakaria Ibrahim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Subdural Empyema ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background:Subdural empyema is the collection of pus beneath the dura matter, commonly manifests as a complication of oto-rhino-laryngeal infection and rarely locates in the inter-hemispheric subdural space either as an isolated collection or as extension from the convexity of the cerebral hemisphere.Case presentation:A case of right fronto-parietal convexity subdural empyema with inter-hemispheric extension in 19 years old male is presented patient presented with fever, left sided convulsions, hemiparesis and blurring of vision. Despite the use of broad spectrum antibiotics based on cultures, surgical intervention with craniotomy was the definitive intervention needed for good recovery.Conclusion:Subdural empyema located in inter-hemispheric area represents rare form of subdural empyema. The best investigation to choose to diagnose these lesions is definitely magnetic resonance imaging of the brain .craniotomy is the surgical intervention of choice in most of the cases and almost lead to complete evacuation of the collection followed by the use of empirical antibiotic for six weeks duration, both means of treatment are used in order to reach better functional outcome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document