Spore Dispersal in Ectomycorrhizal Fungi at Fine and Regional Scales

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spore Dispersal

Spore Dispersal of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on a Glacier Forefront by Mammal Mycophagy

Mycologia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efren Cazares ◽  
James M. Trappe
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Glacier Forefront

The serpentine syndrome below ground: ectomycorrhizas and hypogeous fungi associated with conifers

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gladish ◽  
Jonathan Frank ◽  
Darlene Southworth
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Serpentine Soils ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Hypogeous Fungi ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Below Ground

Serpentine soils select for unique plant communities, often with sparse vegetation. Mycorrhizal fungi mediate the interaction between plants and soils, yet little is known about the mycorrhizal fungi of serpentine-tolerant plants. Ectomycorrhizas and hypogeous fungal sporocarps were sampled on paired serpentine and nonserpentine soils in southwestern Oregon. We hypothesized that conifers on serpentine soils would have fewer species of mycorrhizal fungi, a distinct assemblage of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and fewer hypogeous sporocarps with less species richness. Sporocarps were sampled and soil cores collected around pines on serpentine and nonserpentine soils. Conifers on serpentine and nonserpentine soils hosted overlapping communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi, as characterized by nonmetric multidimensional scaling. From soil cores, we categorized 27 species by morphotype, of which 18 were identified by DNA. Fewer hypogeous sporocarps with less taxonomic richness were collected on serpentine soils. The lack of indicator species of mycorrhizal fungi and the greater variability among samples on serpentine soils suggest that soil composition does not determine the mycorrhizal community. The sparseness of host vegetation may limit the ability of fungi to grow from tree to tree and may increase the reliance on spore dispersal, thus creating a more varied pattern of mycorrhizal communities.

Wild boars as spore dispersal agents of ectomycorrhizal fungi: consequences for community composition at different habitat types

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stav Livne-Luzon ◽  
Yael Avidan ◽  
Gil Weber ◽  
Hen Migael ◽  
Thomas Bruns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Dispersal Agents

scholarly journals Effects of Fire on Hypogeous Fungi, Spore Dispersal and Dependent Flora Establishment in Soils

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Steven Miller ◽  
Nancy Stanton ◽  
Stephen Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Hypogeous Fungi ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Initial Survey

In our initial survey of dispersal of spores into areas disturbed by the 1988 Huckleberry burn, in the John D. Rockefeller Memorial Parkway, we focused on small mammal dispersal of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi which had been touted as a primary means of dispersal (Trappe and Maser 1977, Ure and Maser 1982), and the recruitment and physiognomy of conifer seedlings germinating in the burned areas. Interestingly, the small mammals captured at the Huck burn sites were feeding on both epigeous and hypogeous, as well as, mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal fungi. The seedlings that had germinated in the burned areas were non-mycorrhizal until late in the season. These results are somewhat contradictory to hypotheses offered in the literature. For these reasons, additional objectives, such as including both hypogeous and epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, were established to examine the process of ectomycorrhizal colonization more closely.

scholarly journals Effects of Fire on Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, Spore Dispersal and Dependent Flora Establishment in Soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Steven Miller ◽  
Nancy Stanton ◽  
Stephen Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Fecal Pellets ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Field Season

Movement of ectomycorrhizal fungal propagules by small mammals into burned areas of the Huck fire, John D. Rockefeller Memorial Parkway, was monitored for a third field season by live-trapping small mammals in burned and unburned forest sites and examining spores contained in their fecal pellets. As in the first two years, three species of small mammals were commonly trapped including the white-footed deermouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), least chipmunk (Tamias minimus) and southern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys gapperi).

Production and Characterization of Nontoxic and Biodegradable Chitosan–Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Spores Blend Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Akyuz Yilmaz ◽  
Tugce Karaduman ◽  
Mehmet Cicek ◽  
Ilgaz Akata ◽  
Murat Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Blend Films

scholarly journals Cortinarius alpinus as an example for morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal fungi

Sommerfeltia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Peintner
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Species Concepts ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
Distinguishing Character

Cortinarius alpinus as an example for morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal fungiExtensive morphological and molecular analyses of closely related species from alpine, subalpine and montane habitats should enable a comparison of ecological, morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. One fundamental question of this study was whether alpine species really exist, and which criteria, besides the specific habitat, could reliably be used for the de-limitation of such taxa. For this reason, 56 rDNA ITS sequences were generated or downloaded from GenBank for 10 closely related species of Cortinarius subgenus Myxacium, section Myxacium. Several collections were sequenced for each of the following taxa: Cortinarius absarokensis, C. alpinus, C. favrei, C. fennoscandicus, C. grallipes, C. mucosus, C. muscigenus, C. septentrionalis, C. trivialis and C. vernicosus. Moreover, spore statistics were carried out for 38 collections of alpine and subalpine taxa. These data provide clear evidence for C. favrei being a synonym of C. alpinus. C. absarokensis and C. alpinus can clearly be delimited based on pileus diameter and average dry weight per basidiome, even in overlapping habitats, but spore size and shape is not a good distinguishing character. Phylograms have very short branches, and base differences between ITS sequences are generally very low in this group, and give no resolution for the included taxa of this section. Based on these results, species concepts of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms are discussed in detail.

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