Direct and Indirect Reduction: Definitions, Indications, and Tips and Tricks

Author(s):  
Stuart Aitken ◽  
Richard Buckley
Author(s):  
Catherine Dwinal

This book is a resource on projection systems for any music teacher’s treasure chest of tools. Educators, from brand new to seasoned veterans, can discover new lessons, activities, and resources involving the projection systems already in their classrooms. From conventional projectors to streaming media players, beginners to the digital world will find tips and tricks to start using new systems. More experienced users will discover new resources and activities, from learning how to create VR worlds to demonstrate knowledge of music venues from around the world, to going on an outside safari to find missing instruments of the orchestra. This book also includes a resource index with app and website recommendations for going further and appendices that make it easier to find the activities and resources to fit any type of instruction. This book is a toolbox for teachers to keep on their desks to use every day to incorporate their digital tools in a meaningful way.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jorge Tirado-Caballero ◽  
Jorge Herreria-Franco ◽  
Mónica Rivero-Garvía ◽  
Gloria Moreno-Madueño ◽  
Maria Jose Mayorga-Buiza ◽  
...  

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm infants is a serious entity related to high mortality and morbidity. Neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) is a suitable alternative for the management of this pathology. However, as with every endoscopic technique, it requires some experience and several cases to master. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We present a descriptive study of some technical nuances, tips, and tricks that have been learned in the last 8 years with over a hundred NELs performed in preterm infants. These variations are classified into 3 categories according to their temporal relationship with the surgical procedure: preoperative stage, intraoperative stage, and postoperative stage. We include a brief description of each one and the reasons why they are included in our current clinical practice. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty tips and pearls were described in detail and are reported here. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variations were exposed and related to the most frequent complications of this procedure: infection, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and rebleeding. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> NEL is a useful technique for the management of germinal matrix hemorrhage in preterm infants. These technical nuances have improved the results of our technique and helped us to prevent complications related to the procedure.


Endoscopy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Geyl ◽  
Jérémie Albouys ◽  
Romain Legros ◽  
Hugo Lepetit ◽  
Martin Dahan ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 523-527
Author(s):  
Arman S. Bilgenov ◽  
P.A. Gamov ◽  
V.E. Roshchin

The direct reduction of metals from a complex oxide with low iron content by solid carbon and indirect reduction by CO gas were studied in a vertical laboratory resistance furnace at 1300 °C for an hour reduction time. The experimental results were described from the point of view of the electrochemical nature of the metal reduction process, that involves the interaction of ions and electrons in the oxide lattice. The technique was developed by using the two different software programs for the quantitative estimation of the areas, average size and number of the metal forming in a complex oxide with extensive fields of vision. The obtained results of the quantitative characteristics of the metal forming during solid-phase carbo-thermal reduction were presented. The processes of reduction by solid carbon and CO gas based on the areas occupied by metal particles were quantitatively compared. The experimental results and the prospects for further experimental work were assessed and outlined.


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