Helping as a Concurrent Activity: How Students Engage in Small Groups While Pursuing Classroom Tasks

This study examines interactions in which students help each other with their learning during classroom instruction, forming groups in the process. From a conversation analytic perspective, helping is assumed to be a sequentially organized activity jointly accomplished by the participants. As an activity that proceeds alongside other ongoing classroom activities, helping can be conceived as part of a multiactivity that poses students with multi-faceted interactional and moral challenges. While previous research on helping in educational contexts has primarily focused on the influence of helping on learning outcomes and social dynamics in helping interactions, the present study investigates how students cope with the intricacies of moral commitments inherent in helping as a concurrent activity. The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we aim to elaborate on how students’ dual involvements – i.e., their involvement in classroom activities while simultaneously providing help – manifest in the ways in which groups are constituted, maintained, and dissolved. The analyses reveal that both the compatibility of helping with the activity already in progress as well as the students’ problem definition are consequential for the sequential and bodily-spatial unfolding of the help interaction, inducing different arrangements that constitute a continuum, at each end of which there is a dominant orientation toward the shared space of helping or toward the individual/collective space. Furthermore, from a methodological perspective, our study aims to demonstrate the extent to which multimodal interaction analysis is applicable when examining naturally occurring groups, in this case, in interactive processes of helping. The study is based on a data corpus that comprises video recordings of mathematics and German lessons from two fifth-grade classrooms.

An Education Process Mining Framework: Unveiling Meaningful Information for Understanding Students’ Learning Behavior and Improving Teaching Quality

This paper focuses on the study of automated process discovery using the Inductive visual Miner (IvM) and Directly Follows visual Miner (DFvM) algorithms to produce a valid process model for educational process mining in order to understand and predict the learning behavior of students. These models were evaluated on the publicly available xAPI (Experience API or Experience Application Programming Interface) dataset, which is an education dataset intended for tracking students’ classroom activities, participation in online communities, and performance. Experimental results with several performance measures show the effectiveness of the developed process models in helping experts to better understand students’ learning behavioral patterns.

Developing an Anti-Racist Foundations Course in MCH for MPH Students

Introduction Over the past decade, foundational courses in MCH have been revised and revamped to integrate the life course perspective and social determinants of health in ways that bring these essential issues to the core of the learning experience. Yet the racial reckoning of 2020 and the racially disparate health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic underscore that a deeper, more focused approach to anti-racist pedagogy is now imperative for MCH educators and others responsible for developing the MCH workforce. Methods In this paper, we discuss our experience of building a ‘community of practice’ of anti-racist MCH trainees through our course, ‘Foundations of Maternal and Child Health Policy, Practice, and Science.’ Results We identify four principles which guided our course: (1) building on students’ experience, knowledge, identities and social justice commitments; (2) creating a common purpose and shared vocabulary related to racism; (3) organizing classroom activities to reflect real-world problems and professional practices related to addressing structural racism as a root cause of health inequities; and (4) building students’ skills and confidence to recognize and address structural racism as MCH professionals. Discussion We hope that this description of our principles, along with examples of how they were put into practice, will be useful to MCH educators who seek to build anti-racist frameworks to guide MCH workforce development.

The Perceived Appropriateness of Digital Games From ELL Teachers

The integration of digital games into learning aligns with society's needs in the 21st century. Although research shows that digital games have numerous benefits for students, such as psychological and language improvements, some teachers are skeptical of using digital games for classroom activities, due to their perceived negative impact. In this study, six ELL teachers in the upper Midwest of the United States were interviewed to examine their perceived appropriateness of digital games in teaching and learning. Findings indicate that the majority of the ELL teachers interviewed perceived serious games in a positive light, while they unanimously agreed that violent digital games could have a negative impact on a child's psychological, emotional, and social life. The teachers highlighted the rate at which children play those games, their violent nature, appropriateness, cyber bulling implication, and the need for an oversight from parents and teachers as reasons why.

Compensation and Work Discipline on Teachers’ Performance: A Multifactorial Design

The purpose of this study is to measure the links between compensation and work disciplines towards the teachers’ performance. Underlying the concept of Human Resources Management (HRM) education, this study investigates the effect of the two aforementioned variables on the teacher’s pedagogical approach, classroom activities, and teaching strategies using technology. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach, specifically a multifactorial design. The sample of this current study was 53 people. The data was gathered through test and questionnaires. The data analysis used was a descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that simultaneously the compensation and work discipline variables had a positive and significant effect on the teachers’ performance, and partially compensation and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on the teachers’ performance. The multiple linear regression equation is Y = 20.789 + 0.299X1 + 0.271X2. Meanwhile, the results of the descriptive analysis show that the variables of compensation, work discipline, and teachers’ performance are in a good criteria.

Flipped Classroom Experiences in Clinical Dentistry – A Strategic Mini-Review

Background: Pedagogy in dental education has evolved over the decades. Today, many alternative modes of content delivery are being used as an adjunct to the traditional classroom. A flipped classroom is one among those that are being explored for teaching clinical dentistry. Objective: This mini-review is aimed at evaluating the available evidence in the efficacy of flipped classrooms and its related aspects in the learning curve of clinical dentistry. Methods: A thorough literature search on electronic databases for all the studies focusing on the following evidence-based question: “Is Flipped classroom in clinical dentistry a useful mode of pedagogy delivery? was performed. A combination of MeSH terms using Boolean operators “AND,” “OR:” FLIPPED [All Fields] AND (“dental health services” [MeSH Terms] AND “health” [All Fields] AND “services” [All Fields]) OR “dental” [All Fields]) AND (“learning” [MeSH Terms] OR “learning” [All Fields]). Specific terms such as “Perio” OR “Prostho” OR “Restorative” OR “Ortho” OR “Oral medicine” OR “Maxillofacial surgery” OR “Pediatric” OR “endo” was also used. Data from these articles addressing the aim of this study was extracted. Results: A total of 16 articles were considered for the review. The majority of the studies considered flipped classroom as a successful model of pedagogy. The most common mode of outside classroom activity was pre-recorded videos. In-classroom activities, a combination of seminars, interactive discussions, and quiz were explored. Time constraints, lack of faculty development programs are considered to be negative factors for the success of the flipped classroom. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the study, flipped classroom can be adapted as a method of pedagogy in clinical dentistry.

Expanding ESL Students’ Vocabulary Through TikTok Videos

TikTok is a video-sharing social network that has abruptly gained popularity for the past few years due to its unique feature of short-form videos on various genres particularly comedy and performance. The videos produced from this platform have been used widely in multiple contexts including classroom teaching. Thus, this project delved into the role of TikTok in capturing students’ attention and introducing them to new vocabulary during English language class through some selected videos from the app. Most students could barely pay attention to their teachers during physical classes or online lessons. This could possibly hinder them from participating actively in classroom activities. Due to the nature of TikTok videos that are shorter in duration with humorous yet informative content, these videos might serve as engaging teaching materials. The results showed that the students displayed improved level of attention, interest and understanding of the subject matter that was being taught in class through TikTok videos. It is recommended that more studies should be done to analyze the multiple types and genres of TikTok videos and how these variables influence students’ learning.

Project-Based Learning for Mechanical Engineering Students in the Emergency Remote Teaching

Covid-19 has changed a lot of life sectors, including education. The government’s policy to carry out emergency remote teaching (ERT) immediately switches the teachers’ and lecturers’ plans on successful classroom activities. One of the classroom’s activities is project-based learning (PBL). With several limitations, challenges should be taken on so that designing simple but meaningful projects can facilitate project-based learning. Thus, some adaptations should be made since some students are economically impacted. Online learning modes, either synchronous or asynchronous were held to communicate the project. A descriptive qualitative research method was employed by involving two classes of mechanical engineering students. Data were collected from learning platforms observations, interviews with students’ representatives, and questionnaires administered to all students. The project was conducted in four stages; beginning the infographic project, developing the project, closing the project, and evaluating the project. The research indicated that the students completed and engaged in the project successfully through some problems that came up, mainly when the students had to have group work and communicate using internet media since most students were back home with various internet connection access. However, some assessable applications were employed so that the project was well accomplished. In conclusion, conducting a PBL in emergency remote teaching was successfully conducted with some simple available and accessable applications since the students’ conditions varied significantly.

Teaching Social Justice and Engaging Gen Z Students in Digital Classrooms During COVID-19

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 disrupted the lives of people on all fronts, but especially the traditional education system. Now dependent on online learning during a global pandemic, political unrest, and a contentious presidential election, many school educators were forced to transition to virtual instruction amid the ongoing health crises posed by COVID-19 and the ever-present issue of racism. We gathered and analyzed the teaching experiences of instructors at an historically Black college or university as they addressed social justice issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of college-age students today are from Generation Z (Gen Z), the “digital native” generation. They are living in a time in which recent social justice movements have called them to the frontlines. To teach Gen-Z students, faculty should create courses that fit their needs and consider innovative teaching strategies to engage them in classrooms. We discuss three classroom activities that showcase instructors’ pedagogical efforts during such unprecedented times.

Activate Reading Comprehension of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) By Applying Know-Want to Know-Learned (KWL) Strategy

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to describe how students achieve their reading comprehension performance when they apply the KWL (Know, Want to Know, Learned) Strategy. KWL is a strategy that can better comprehend the content of material read by the students. Using this strategy can help the students read effectively and efficiently to build their comprehension. After analyzing the data, the finding shows that the KWL Strategy positively contributes to the students’ achievement in their reading comprehension. It can be seen from the progress of scores in each cycle that the students acquired. Other aspects that the students should have in applying this strategy, such as motivation and vocabulary mastery, play a vital role in classroom activities; besides, the serious attention of the teacher to use the procedures of KWL strategy is necessary. The result of this research is KWL strategy can increase the students' reading comprehension in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) subject by applying some modifications to the procedures. Considering the result from the research, the researcher recommends that the KWL strategy be continuously implemented in activating students’ reading comprehension.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana siswa mencapai pemahamannya ketika menerapkan Strategi KWL. KWL merupakan salah satu strategi yang dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik akan sebuah konten materi yang dibaca oleh siswa. Penggunaan strategi dapat membantu siswa membaca secara efektif dan efisien untuk membangun pemahaman. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa Strategi KWL memiliki kontribusi positif terhadap prestasi siswa dalam memahami bacaan SLA, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kemajuan akan nilai dalam pembelajaran yang diperoleh siswa. Aspek lain yang harus dimiliki siswa dalam menerapkan strategi ini, misalnya motivasi dan penguasaan kosakata memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam kegiatan kelas, selain itu perhatian serius dari guru untuk menerapkan prosedur strategi KWL mutlak diperlukan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi KWL dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa pada pelajaran SLA dengan penerapan beberapa modifikasi pada prosedurnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti merekomendasikan strategi KWL untuk diimplementasikan secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa.