scholarly journals Erratum to: A Historical View on Mental Illness in Commercial Aviation: The Crash of Japan Airlines 350

2018 ◽  
pp. E1-E1
Author(s):  
Daniela Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Historical View

scholarly journals Meaning and Matter in Psychiatry: A Historical View and New Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Ketil Slagstad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Medical Network ◽  
Person Centered Approach

In this article, I argue that a person-centered approach in psychiatry needs to pay attention to how mental illnesses are historically constituted and products of biological, social, psychological and cultural factors. Even if the ambition of the biopsychosocial model and the medical network model was to break with reductionist understandings of (mental) illness, I argue that these models risk stabilising, rather than deconstructing dichotomies between nature versus culture, brain versus mind, somatic versus mental or hard facts versus soft sciences. I rather propose to re-orient psychiatry as a form of “relational medicine” in which causes and reasons are treated as inseparable and where matter and meaning are entangled. A person-centered approach in psychiatry must start with the person including the embodied production of meaning in Society.

Historical Perspectives on the Treatment of Mental Illness in the United States

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-161
Author(s):  
Joyce M. Ray ◽  
F.G. Gosling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Steady Improvement

The traditional historical view of medicine is one of progress—slow but steady improvement made possible by the achievements of earlier pioneers. In psychiatry, a field in which cures remain elusive, this view has been called into question. The following article surveys the past treatment of mental illness in the United States and analyzes the work of various historians of the field. Changing definitions of insanity and concepts of care are considered, and implications for social policy are suggested.

Fool’s Gold: Psychologists Using Disingenuous Reasoning to Mislead Legislatures into Granting Psychologists Prescriptive Authority

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-524
Author(s):  
Brent Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
American Psychological ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Prescriptive Authority

Mental illness is a serious problem in the United States. Based on “current epidemiological estimates, at least one in five people has a diagnosable mental disorder during the course of a year.” Fortunately, many of these disorders respond positively to psychotropic medications. While psychiatrists write some of the prescriptions for psychotropic medications, primary care physicians write more of them. State legislatures, seeking to expand patient access to pharmacological treatment, granted physician assistants and nurse practitioners prescriptive authority for psychotropic medications. Over the past decade other groups have gained some form of prescriptive authority. Currently, psychologists comprise the primary group seeking prescriptive authority for psychotropic medications.The American Society for the Advancement of Pharmacotherapy (“ASAP”), a division of the American Psychological Association (“APA”), spearheads the drive for psychologists to gain prescriptive authority. The American Psychological Association offers five main reasons why legislatures should grant psychologists this privilege: 1) psychologists’ education and clinical training better qualify them to diagnose and treat mental illness in comparison with primary care physicians; 2) the Department of Defense Psychopharmacology Demonstration Project (“PDP”) demonstrated non-physician psychologists can prescribe psychotropic medications safely; 3) the recommended post-doctoral training requirements adequately prepare psychologists to prescribe safely psychotropic medications; 4) this privilege will increase availability of mental healthcare services, especially in rural areas; and 5) this privilege will result in an overall reduction in medical expenses, because patients will visit only one healthcare provider instead of two–one for psychotherapy and one for medication.

A Tribute to the Late William J. Curran

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
O. Lawrence ◽  
J.D. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Legal Medicine ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
International Institute ◽  
University Professor

In the summer of 1979, a group of experts on law, medicine, and ethics assembled in Siracusa, Sicily, under the auspices of the International Commission of Jurists and the International Institute of Higher Studies in Criminal Science, to draft guidelines on the rights of persons with mental illness. Sitting across the table from me was a quiet, proud man of distinctive intelligence, William J. Curran, Frances Glessner Lee Professor of Legal Medicine at Harvard University. Professor Curran was one of the principal drafters of those guidelines. Many years later in 1991, after several subsequent re-drafts by United Nations (U.N.) Rapporteur Erica-Irene Daes, the text was adopted by the U.N. General Assembly as the Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care. This was the kind of remarkable achievement in the field of law and medicine that Professor Curran repeated throughout his distinguished career.

Commentary

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Richard T. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Mental And Behavioral Disorders

Abstract The author, who is the editor of the Mental and Behavioral Disorders chapter of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, comments on the previous article, Assessing Mental and Behavioral Disorder Impairment: Overview of Sixth Edition Approaches in this issue of The Guides Newsletter. The new Mental and Behavioral Disorders (M&BD) chapter, like others in the AMA Guides, is a consensus opinion of many authors and thus reflects diverse points of view. Psychiatrists and psychologists continue to struggle with diagnostic taxonomies within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, but anxiety, depression, and psychosis are three unequivocal areas of mental illness for which the sixth edition of the AMA Guides provides M&BD impairment rating. Two particular challenges faced the authors of the chapter: how could M&BD disorders be rated (and yet avoid an onslaught of attorney requests for an M&BD rating in conjunction with every physical impairment), and what should be the maximal impairment rating for a mental illness. The sixth edition uses three scales—the Psychiatric Impairment Rating Scale, the Global Assessment of Function, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale—after careful review of a wide variety of indices. The AMA Guides remains a work in progress, but the authors of the M&BD chapter have taken an important step toward providing a reasonable method for estimating impairment.

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