The Global Search Theory Approach to the Bilevel Pricing Problem in Telecommunication Networks

Author(s):  
Andrei V. Orlov
Author(s):  
Andrey Kanayev ◽  
Andrey Pryvalov ◽  
Vladimir Kotov ◽  
Arkadiy Lebedinskiy ◽  
Pavel Plekhanov ◽  
...  

Objective: To consider the main approaches to organization of systems and communication networks on high-speed railway transport and provide cyber security on the basis of current international and home practice in the given sphere. Methods: Game-theory approach, hierarchy analysis method as well as topological transformation of stochastic networks were applied in the given study. Results: It was detected that a single realization of organizational and technical measures on cyber security cannot provide strong security from threats of cyber security during a long period of time; the latter is connected with constant development of data infrastructure, modification of methods, as well as the methods of attacks, potential attacker opportunities and other factors. Telecommunication networks’ security (TKS) of OJSC “Russian railways” and high-speed railway lines (VSM) from cyber impact is a systemic problem, for the solution of which fundamental research studies are to be conducted, aimed at the detection of basic patterns of information confrontation and directions of TKS cyber security provision and, subsequently, research and development activities for creating an automated communication control system of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM, the constituent part of which is a subsystem of TKS information security. It is advisable to create an expert council based at regional transport universities, which provide extensive analysis conduct of systems and means of providing information security offered by the industry, as well as cyber security of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM critically important systems including TKS. Practical importance: The realization of the suggested approach to OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM cyber security provision will make it possible to form the conditions for safe functioning of elements of information infrastructure, provide the creation, effective functioning and the improvement of cyber security control system, as well as to minimize damage from possible attack attempts.


Author(s):  
Xudong Weng ◽  
O.F. Sankey ◽  
Peter Rez

Single electron band structure techniques have been applied successfully to the interpretation of the near edge structures of metals and other materials. Among various band theories, the linear combination of atomic orbital (LCAO) method is especially simple and interpretable. The commonly used empirical LCAO method is mainly an interpolation method, where the energies and wave functions of atomic orbitals are adjusted in order to fit experimental or more accurately determined electron states. To achieve better accuracy, the size of calculation has to be expanded, for example, to include excited states and more-distant-neighboring atoms. This tends to sacrifice the simplicity and interpretability of the method.In this paper. we adopt an ab initio scheme which incorporates the conceptual advantage of the LCAO method with the accuracy of ab initio pseudopotential calculations. The so called pscudo-atomic-orbitals (PAO's), computed from a free atom within the local-density approximation and the pseudopotential approximation, are used as the basis of expansion, replacing the usually very large set of plane waves in the conventional pseudopotential method. These PAO's however, do not consist of a rigorously complete set of orthonormal states.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
P. Charlie Buckley ◽  
Kimberly A. Murza ◽  
Tami Cassel

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.


1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1074-1075
Author(s):  
Janet Ward Schofield

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wolfe ◽  
Valerie Reyna ◽  
Priscila G. Brust-Renck ◽  
Colin L. Widmer ◽  
Elizabeth M. Cedillos ◽  
...  

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