scholarly journals Analyzing Design Tradeoffs in Large-Scale Socio-technical Systems through Simulation of Dynamic Collaboration Patterns

2012 ◽  
pp. 362-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Dorn ◽  
George Edwards ◽  
Nenad Medvidovic
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Collaboration Patterns ◽  
Dynamic Collaboration ◽  
Design Tradeoffs

scholarly journals Out to explore the cybersecurity planet

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-307
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Bella
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Security Ceremonies ◽  
Beautiful City

PurposeSecurity ceremonies still fail despite decades of efforts by researchers and practitioners. Attacks are often a cunning amalgam of exploits for technical systems and of forms of human behaviour. For example, this is the case with the recent news headline of a large-scale attack against Electrum Bitcoin wallets, which manages to spread a malicious update of the wallet app. The author therefore sets out to look at things through a different lens.Design/methodology/approachThe author makes the (metaphorical) hypothesis that humans arrived on Earth along with security ceremonies from a very far planet, the Cybersecurity planet. The author’s hypothesis continues, in that studying (by huge telescopes) the surface of Cybersecurity in combination with the logical projection on that surface of what happens on Earth is beneficial for us earthlings.FindingsThe author has spotted four cities so far on the remote planet. Democratic City features security ceremonies that allow humans to follow personal paths of practice and, for example, make errors or be driven by emotions. By contrast, security ceremonies in Dictatorial City compel to comply, hence humans here behave like programmed automata. Security ceremonies in Beautiful City are so beautiful that humans just love to follow them precisely. Invisible City has security ceremonies that are not perceivable, hence humans feel like they never encounter any. Incidentally, the words “democratic” and “dictatorial” are used without any political connotation.Originality/valueA key argument the author shall develop is that all cities but Democratic City address the human factor, albeit in different ways. In the light of these findings, the author will also discuss security ceremonies of our planet, such as WhatsApp Web login and flight boarding, and explore room for improving them based upon the current understanding of Cybersecurity.

scholarly journals Structural Analysis of Large-Scale Socio-Technical Systems Based on the Concept of Influence

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 738-743
Author(s):  
O.I. Dranko ◽  
Yu.G. Rykov ◽  
A.A. Karandeev
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technical Systems

From Material to Infrastructure: Germaine Krull's Métal

October ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 118-142
Author(s):  
Max Boersma
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Architectural Discourse ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Western European ◽  
Photo Book

This article reexamines Germaine Krull's seminal 1928 photo book Métal, tracing the implications of the speculative analogy drawn by the project between metal and photography. Following this analogy through nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century architectural discourse, it newly situates the photographer's investigation against Sigfried Giedion's contemporaneous theorizations of iron construction and modern photography. Rather than critiquing or celebrating industry, Krull focuses on metal as it manifests the peculiar and fraught experience of living amid large-scale technical systems. In a singular way, Métal mobilizes its driving analogy to invoke—and, moreover, to theorize photographically—the infrastructures organizing Western European modernity.

scholarly journals Reframing Systems Integration: A Process Perspective on Projects

2021 ◽  
pp. 875697282199224
Author(s):  
Jennifer Whyte ◽  
Andrew Davies
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Systems Integration ◽  
Boundary Spanning ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Emergent Complexity ◽  
Interorganizational Projects ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Process Perspective

The delivery of large-scale technical systems is achieved through project organizing. The concept of systems integration, with its distinct focus on the systems that projects deliver, is theoretically important as projects become more complex and face significant uncertainty. We reframe systems integration in interorganizational projects as a flexible and adaptive process of making constituent parts of systems work together. This process involves boundary-spanning structures and activities to address emergent complexity and uncertainty (that are both technological and organizational in nature). We discuss implications and highlight areas for further research on projects.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOGENIC BASIN PARADYNAMIC LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES OF THE RIGHT BANK OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Lavryk O.D. ◽  
Tsymbaliuk V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Taxonomic Rank ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The Right ◽  
River Valleys

The formation of large-scale landscape-technical systems (LTchS), which territorially extended beyond river valleys, complicated the processes of exchange of matter, energy and information between valley-river and watershed types of areas, which led to the emergence of paradynamic landscape complexes of higher taxonomic rank. It is noted that on the territory of the Right Bank of Ukraine a significant number of anthropogenic paradynamic landscape complexes (APDLС) have been formed in the neighboring watersheds, which closely interact with each other. It was found that the formation and functioning of natural paradynamic landscape complexes of different taxonomic rank is due to many paradynamic and paragenetic connections. Longitudinal and anthropogenic paragenetic landscape complexes (APGLС) are characterized by longitudinal and transverse paragenetic connections, which are analyzed on the example of APGLС type "dam - pond - bridge - mill - island". There are three orders of basin APDLС: 1) basin APDLС of the 3rd order originate in the bottom of the river valley and gradually spread to watersheds; 2) basins of APDLС of the 2nd order unite among themselves APDLС which are located along the main stream; 3) basin APDLС of the 1st order arise due to a combination of landscape-technical systems in the valley of the main river with LTchS in the valleys of tributaries. The specifics of the functioning of the complex inter-basin APDLС "LTchS of the Right Bank of Ukraine", which is formed by the landscape and technical systems of the Dnieper, Dniester, Southern Bug, Danube, Vistula and Black Sea rivers, are considered. In each basin there are several centers (regional centers or centers of united territorial communities), which are subordinated to the central place (capital). The relationship between them is provided through a set of mechanical (movement of goods and passengers) and water (transportation of water through canals and water mains) paradynamic connections. Emphasis is placed on modern environmental problems in the catchment areas of the Right Bank of Ukraine. It is concluded that the study of paradynamic and paragenetic relationships within watersheds is aimed at the rational use of natural resources of river valleys. Control over the condition of APDLС should be entrusted to local basin administrations, where the leading role can be assigned to landscape engineers.Key words: anthropogenic landscape, landscape-technical system, paradynamic landscape complex, river valley, drainage basin. Формування значних за площею ландшафтно-технічних систем (ЛТчС), які територіально виходили за межі річкових долин, ускладнило процеси обміну речовиною, енергією та інформацією між долинно-річковими та вододільними типами місцевостей, що стало причиною виникнення парадинамічних ландшафтних комплексів вищого таксономічного рангу. Зазначено, що на території Правобережної України сформувалося значна кількість антропогенних парадинамічних ландшафтних комплексів (АПДЛК) у сусідніх водозбірних басейнах, які тісно взаємодіють між собою. Виявлено, що утворення та функціонування природних парадинамічних ландшафтних комплексів різного таксономічного рангу відбувається за рахунок множини парадинамічних і парагенетичних зв’язків. Для долинно-річкових антропогенних парагенетичних ландшафтних комплексів (АПГЛК) є характерними повздовжні та поперечні парагенетичні зв’язки, які проаналізовано на прикладі АПГЛК типу «гребля – ставок – міст – млин – острів». Виокремлено три порядки басейнових АПДЛК: 1) басейнові АПДЛК 3-го порядку зароджуються у днищі річ-кової долини і поступово поширюються на вододіли; 2) басейнові АПДЛК 2-го порядку об’єд-нують між собою АПДЛК, які розташовуються уздовж головного річища; 3) басейнові АПДЛК 1-го порядку виникають за рахунок поєднання ландшафтно-технічних систем у долині головного річища з ЛТчС в долинах приток. Розглянуто специфіку функціонування складного міжбасей-нового АПДЛК «ЛТчС Правобережної України», який сформований ландшафтно-технічними системами басейнів Дніпра, Дністра, Південного Бугу, Дунаю, Вісли та річок Причорномор’я. У кожному басейні виокремлюється кілька осередків (обласні центри або центри об’єднаних територіальних громад), які підпорядковуються центральному місцю (столиці). Взаємозв’язок між ними забезпечується через множину механічних (переміщенням вантажів і пасажирів) і водних (транспортування води каналами і водогонами) парадинамічних зв’язків. Акцентовано увагу на сучасних екологічних проблемах у водозбірних басейнах Правобережної України. Зроблено висновок про те, що дослідження парадинамічних і парагенетичних зв’язків у межах водозбірних басейнів спрямоване на раціональне використання природних ресурсів річкових долин. Контроль за станом АПДЛК має бути покладений на локальні басейнові управління, де провідна роль може відводиться інженерам-ландшафтознавцям.Ключові слова: антропогенний ландшафт, ландшафтно-технічна система, парадинамічний ландшафтний комплекс, річкова долина, водозбірний басейн.

scholarly journals Influence of Large-scale and Subjective Factors on Technical Systems Ensuring Safety of Technological Processes Involving Protective Gas

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Гапонюк ◽  
N. Gaponyuk ◽  
Калугина ◽  
O. Kalugina ◽  
Львов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Decisive Influence ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Protective Gas ◽  
Design Construction

Comparative assessment of the average failure rate of the basic elements of pneumatic systems has been presented. Structure oftechnical systems failures to ensure safety of technological processes involving protective gas has been described. Decisive influence of operating conditionsand parameters of protective gas industrial purity on safety of technological processes has been revealed.Regardless of the complexitylevel of the system, the occurrence of many kinds of failure is caused by negative impact of large-scale and subjective factors associated with the absence of objective monitoring of protective gasindustrial purity. Design, construction and operation of technical systems ensuring safety of technological processes involving protective gas is often based onprinciples typical for technological processes, not taking into account the specific features of operation of objects of protection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document