water transportation
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Feng-Jie Xie ◽  
Ruo-Chen Feng ◽  
Xue-Yan Zhou

Taking logistics time, logistics cost, and carbon emissions as optimization objectives, air transportation is included in the cross-border logistics paths optimization of multimodal transportation. Considering the scale effect of transportation, a multiobjective optimization model of cross-border logistics paths including road, water, railway, and air is constructed. The problem of cross-border logistics paths along the “Belt and Road” regions for cities in inland is studied via the NSGA-II method. The research results show that Chengdu and Xi’an should bear a large number of cross-border air transportation and be constructed as the national airport-type logistics hub. The foreign destinations of cross-border air transportation are distributed in different regions, mainly in Eastern Europe and Eastern Central Europe. The optimization result shows that if there is a 1-fold increase in logistics cost, the logistics time can reduce by 1.37 folds after the cross-border air transportation joins in the model. Such a result has effectively guided the transition from cross-border water transportation to cross-border air transportation.


2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Nurpratiwi Nurpratiwi ◽  
Ali Akbar ◽  
Mimi Amaludin ◽  
Uti Rusdian Hidayat ◽  
Fauzan Alfikri ◽  
...  

ABSTRAK Banyak dari penderita hipertensi yang tidak menyadari atau menganggap remeh akibat belum dirasakannya keluhan berarti meskipun tekanan darah sudah mencapai level berbahaya. Kondisi tersebut akan semakin berbahaya apabila masyarakat memiliki keterbatasan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan yang memadai seperti daerah-daerah pesisir pantai atau pulau-pulau kecil yang memerlukan transportasi air apabila ingin menuju ke pekayanan kesehatan yang memadai. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat tentang tanggap hipertensi di Desa Lemukutan Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kepulauan. Metode palaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah penyuluhan tentang tanggap hipertensi dan pelatihan pengolahan mentimun serta prosedur rendam kaki air hangat dan jahe kepada masyarakat Desa Lemukutan Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kepulauan. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat didapatkan data terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan kesehatan tentang tanggap hipertensi dengan hasil sebelum diberikan edukasi dan demonstrasi pengolahan penurun tekanan darah non farmakologis dan terapi terkait penurunan hipertensi sebagian besar peserta memiliki pengetahuan dan kemampuan pada kategori sedang yaitu 66,7%, kategori rendah yaitu 30% dan kategori tinggi yaitu 3,33%. Sedangkan setelah diberikan edukasi dan pengolahan penurun tekanan darah non farmakologis dan terapi terkait penurunan hipertensi  diperoleh pengetahuan dan kemampuan pada kategori sedang yaitu 76,7% dan kategori tinggi yaitu 23,33%.. Peningkatan pengatahuan masyarakat tentang hipertensi dan keterampilan dalam melakukan pengolahan mentimun serta prosedur rendam kaki air hangat jahe menjadi salah satu upaya pencegahan komplikasi hipertensi. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Pelatihan, Hipertensi     ABSTRACT Many people with hypertension do not realize or underestimate the consequences of not having any significant complaints even though their blood pressure has reached a dangerous level. This condition will be even more dangerous if the community has limited access to adequate health services, such as coastal areas or small islands that require water transportation if they want to go to adequate health services. The purpose of community service is to increase community knowledge and skills about hypertension response in Lemukutan Village, Sungai Raya Islands District. The method of implementing community service is counseling about hypertension response and training on cucumber processing as well as foot soaking procedures in warm water and ginger to the people of Lemukutan Village, Sungai Raya Islands District. The results of community service showed that there was an increase in community knowledge before and after health counseling about hypertension response with the results before being given education and demonstration of non-pharmacological blood pressure-lowering processing and therapy related to reducing hypertension, most of the participants had knowledge and abilities in the moderate category, namely 66.7 %, the low category is 30% and the high category is 3.33%. Meanwhile, after being given education and processing non-pharmacological blood pressure lowering and therapy related to reducing hypertension, knowledge, and abilities were obtained in the medium category, namely 76.7%, and the high category, namely 23.33%. Increasing public knowledge about hypertension and skills in processing cucumbers and The procedure of soaking feet in warm ginger water is an effort to prevent complications of hypertension. Keywords: Education, Training, Hypertension


Author(s):  
M. I. Romashchenko ◽  
R. V. Saidak ◽  
T. V. Matyash ◽  
M. V. Yatsiuk

The article provides an analytical review of the achieved crop yields under irrigation in experimental and production conditions. For today, the best production experience in the use of irrigated land indicates that, subject to all agrotechnical requirements, the yield of early grain crops reaches 8-10 t / ha, corn - 10-14 t / ha, oilseeds - 4-6 t / ha, vegetable crops - over 60 t / ha, which is about 90% of their productivity achieved in the experiments of scientific institutions. The comparative assessment of grain production in different climatic zones of Ukraine for the period of the most intense climatic change shows that over the past thirty years, the share of grain production in the Steppe zone has decreased from 45 to 35% of the total in Ukraine. The analysis of service cost for the transportation of water for irrigation in the southern regions of Ukraine is given. It was revealed that, despite a unified standard method for calculating the cost of water transportation, its price varies significantly by operational units of the State Agency for Water Resources of Ukraine. The main factors of fluctuations in the cost and fees for the transportation services of water for irrigation are the budgetary funding level of operating organizations, providing these services, the number of water transfers, the volume of actual irrigation on irrigated lands, the share of irrigated areas in the service area. The economic assessment of irrigation efficiency when having different water and other technological costs, taking into account the depreciation of capital investments, indicates that having a water price of 4,0-5,0 UAH/m3, the gross profit from growing the most profitable field crops is 35-40 % higher than the efficiency in rainfed agriculture. At the cost of water is 3,0-3,5 UAH/m3 and the use of the production capacity of the inter-farm irrigation network by 60-70%, financial prerequisites will be created for the effective operation of these networks.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Femi Ola Aiyegbajeje ◽  
Clement Ebizimor Deinne

Water transport being among the oldest mode of transport is crucial to the development of any nation. It provides means of transportation for both rural and urban dwellers, particularly along the coastal areas and inland waterways. It is a known fact that water transportation has been neglected for a long period by both the government and the private sector, particularly in the area of safety of passengers on Lagos waters. This paper examines the perception of safety and the use of water transportation among passengers within Lagos metropolis. The jetties were purposively determined. Using a random sampling technique, a structured questionnaire focusing on socio-economic characteristics of passengers, use of water transport, reasons for the use of water transport, perception on safety and frequency of water transportation usage were administered to 1050 passengers across the selected four jetties (Liverpool, Falomo, Bayeku, and Ijegun Egba) within the metropolis with a response rate of 86.3%. The step-wise multiple regression results show that passengers’ perception of poor safety of water transportation predicted a significant 78.1% of reluctance to travel by water within Lagos metropolis (F = 27990.685, p<0.05). This study, therefore, recommends that the state government should provide adequate safety measures that could repose confidence in passengers in order to increase patronage of water transportation. This singular act could help to reduce the incessant traffic congestions on Lagos roads.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Shumin Yang ◽  
Lili Shang ◽  
Xinge Liu ◽  
Jianfeng Ma ◽  
...  

The vascular bundle is an important structural unit that determines the growth and properties of bamboo. A high-resolution X-ray microtomography (μCT) was used to observe and reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) morphometry model of the vascular bundle of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda node due to its advantages of quick, nondestructive, and accurate testing of plant internal structure. The results showed that the morphology of vascular bundles varied significantly in the axial direction. In the cross-section, the number of axial vascular bundles reached a maximum at the lower end of the sheath scar, and the minimum of it was at the middle of the diaphragm. The frequency of axial vascular bundles decreased from the lower end of the node to the nodal ridge, and subsequently increased until the upper end of the bamboo node. The proportion of parenchyma, fibers, and conducting tissue was 65.7%, 30.5%, and 3.8%, respectively. The conducting tissues were intertwined to form a complex 3D network structure, with a connectivity of 94.77%. The conducting tissue with the largest volume accounted for 60.26% of the total volume of the conducting tissue. The 3D-distribution pattern of the conducting tissue of the node and that of the fibers were similar, but their thickness changed in the opposite pattern. This study revealed the 3D morphometry of the conducting tissue and fibers of the bamboo node, the reconstruction of the skeleton made the morphology more intuitive. Quantitative indicators such as the 3D volume, proportion, and connectivity of each type of tissue was obtained, the bamboo node was enlarged mainly caused by the particularly developed fibers. This work laid the foundation for a better understanding of the mechanical properties and water transportation of bamboo and revealed the mystery of bamboo node shedding of Q. tumidinoda.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4979
Author(s):  
Jue Zhang ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Xiaoping Hu ◽  
Zhumei Liu

As one of the most sensitive indicators of global climate change, seasonal ice-covered lakes are attracting gaining attention worldwide. As a large seasonal ice-covered lake located in Northern Mongolia, Lake Khovsgol not only provides important freshwater resources for the local population but also serves as a means of water transportation in summer and an important land-based activity for residents in winter. In this study, we used the sub-pixel offset technique with multi-temporal Sentinel-2 optical images to estimate the time-series displacement of lake ice in Lake Khovsgol from 7 December 2020 to 17 June 2021. With the processing of 112 Sentinel-2 images, we obtained 27 pairs of displacement results at intervals of 5, 10, and 15 days. These lake ice movement results covered three stages from ice-on to ice-off. The first stage was the lake ice growth period, which lasted 26 days from 7 December 2020 to 3 January 2021. Ice formation started from the south and extended northward, with a displacement of up to 10 m in 5 days. The second stage was the active phase of the ice cover, which took place from 3 January 2021 to 18 April 2021. Maximum displacement values reached 12 m in the east and 11 m in the north among all observations. The value of the lake ice movement in the north–south direction (NS) was found to be larger than in the east–west direction (EW). The third stage was the melting period, which closed on 17 June 2021. In comparison to the freezing date of November in past years, our results demonstrate the ice-on date of Lake Khovsgol has been delayed to December, suggesting a possible reason that the seasonal ice-covered lake located at the middle latitude has been affected by global warming. In addition, the lake ice movement of our results can reveal the regional climate characteristic. This study is one of the few cases to reveal the distribution characteristics and changing trends of lake ice on the Mongolia Plateau, providing a rare reference for lake ice research in this region.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Alejandra Tironi ◽  
Ricarda Sposito ◽  
Gisela P. Cordoba ◽  
Silvina V. Zito ◽  
Viviana F. Rahhal ◽  
...  

This study compares the pozzolanic activity of kaolinitic and illite clays after calcination as they are the most abundant types of clays worldwide. The impact of calcined clays on microstructure development is tested by determining the porosity of cement paste as well as by phase and optical analysis of cement matrix and interfacial transition zone of concrete. As water transportation with damaging carbonate or chloride ions is the main reason for reduced durability of reinforced concrete, the results are complemented with water absorption tests on blended concretes. At 28 days, system with calcined kaolinitic clay reveal a higher densification of its microstructure with lower water absorption rate compared to plain concrete and concrete with calcined illite clay, which is related to its higher pozzolanic reactivity. Nonetheless calcined illite clays can be considered as low-cost clinker replacement as a significant pozzolanic contribution is detectable and after 90 days, the water absorption behaviour is comparable with those of the other systems investigated.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukai Zhuang ◽  
Bo Gan ◽  
Zhongxun Cui ◽  
Ruilian Tang ◽  
Renbiao Tao ◽  
...  

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