Intelligent Tools for Reducing Medication Dispensing and Administration Error

Background: There is a great deal of concern surrounding the dispensing practices; a majority of studies conducted in the KSA indicated that the risk of dispensing errors was increasing. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of community pharmacist education and training on medication dispensing and counselling. Methods: The data was collected by the researchers with a designed pretested interview questionnaire. Shadowing enabled the researcher to understand the user's perspective.

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Analisis Faktor Perawat Dalam Pelaksanakan Keselamatan Pasien Terhadap Kejadian Medication Administration Error di Rumah Sakit

10.31219/osf.io/dxnpj ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bintang Marsondang Rambe

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Literature Review ◽

Medication Error ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Medication Administration ◽

Prescribing Error ◽

Medication Administration Error ◽

Administration Error

Latar Belakang Keselamatan pasien (patient safety) rumah sakit adalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman yang meliputi assessment risiko, identifikasi dan pengelolaan hal yang berhubungan dengan risiko pasien, pelaporan dan analisis insiden, kemampuan belajar dari insiden dan tindak lanjutnya serta implementasi solusi untuk meminimalkan timbulnya risiko dan mencegah terjadinya cedera yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan akibat melaksanakan suatu tindakan atau tidak mengambil tindakan yang seharusnya diambil yang dilakukan oleh perawat (Kemenkes, 2011).Salah satu kesalahan yang dapat merugikan pasien adalah medication error. Menurut WHO (2016) medication error adalah setiap kejadian yang dapat dicegah yang menyebabkan penggunaan obat yang tidak tepat yang menyebabkan bahaya kepasien, dimana obat berada dalam kendali profesional perawatan kesehatan. proses terjadi medication error dimulai dari tahap prescribing, transcribing, dispensing,dan administration. Kesalahan peresepan (prescribing error), kesalahan penerjemahan resep (transcribing erorr), kesalahan menyiapkan dan meracik obat (dispensing erorr), dan kesalahan penyerahan obat kepada pasien (administration error). Medication error yang paling sering terjadi adalah pada fase administration / pemberian obat yang dilakukan oleh perawat.Administration error terjadi ketika pemberian obat kepada pasien tidak sesuai dengan prinsip enam benar yaitu benar obat, benar pasien, benar dosis, benar rute pemberian, benar waktu pemberian dan benar pendokumentasian. Secara global, kesalahan pemberian obat (medication errors) sampai saat ini masih menjadi isu keselamatan pasien dan kualitas pelayanan di beberapa rumah sakit (Depkes RI, 2015; AHRQ, 2015). Perawat sebagai bagian terbesar dari tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit, mempunyai peranan dalam kejadian medication error. Perawat berkontribusi karena perawat banyak berperan dalam proses pemberian obat. Pemberian obat/ Medication Administration adalah salah satu intervensi keperawatan yang paling banyak dilakukan, dengan sekitar 5- 20% waktu perawat dialokasikan untuk kegiatan ini (Härkänen et al.,, 2019). Pemberian obat juga mencakup tugas-tugas lain, seperti menyiapkan dan memeriksa obat obatan, memantau efek obat-obatan, mengedukasi pasien tentang pengobatan, dan memperdalam pengetahuan perawat tentang obat – obatan sendiri (DrachZahavy et al., 2014 dalam Yulianti et al., 2019)Berdasarkan isu tersebut, penulis tertarik untuk melakukan literature review terkait faktor perawat dalam pelaksanakan keselamatan pasien terhadap kejadian medication administration error di Rumah Sakit.

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P3352Telemedicine transcends national boundaries in quest of creating a behemoth ami program

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

S Mehta ◽

R Botelho ◽

F Fernandez ◽

F Feres ◽

A Abizaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Health Centers ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Primary Pci ◽

Small Community ◽

Hub And Spoke ◽

Web Based ◽

National Boundaries ◽

Intelligent Tools ◽

Time Of Presentation

Abstract Background The Latin America Telemedicine Infarct Network (LATIN) has exploited the remarkable competence of telemedicine for remote guidance. In doing so, LATIN created a mammoth population-based AMI network that employed experts located several hundred miles away to guide the reperfusion strategies for almost 800,000 screened patients. In this pioneering project, telemedicine was initially utilized to guide AMI management within national confines. We speculated whether LATIN telemedicine navigation could outstrip countrywide borders. Purpose To maximally harness the vast possibilities of telemedicine for improving AMI care. Methods During its pilot phase, LATIN began as a hub and spoke, AMI system in Colombia where 20 spokes (small community health centers and rural clinics) were configured with 3 hubs that could perform Primary PCI. These sites were linked through web-based connectivity. Expert cardiologists, located 50–250 miles away in Bogota, Colombia, used sophisticated telemedicine platforms for urgent EKG diagnosis and teleconsultation of the entire AMI process. Based upon the duration of chest pain and travel time to the hub, these experts guided patients through guideline-based strategies of thrombolysis, pharmaco invasive management or primary PCI. Efficiency of the telemedicine process was measured with the new metric of time to telemedicine diagnosis (TTD). Cloud computing, GPS navigation, and numerous business intelligent tools were gradually incorporated into LATIN telemedicine. As systems became more scalable, the program was expanded to Brazil, where LATIN flourished. Over the last 18 months, LATIN telemedicine capabilities have been pressed across national boundaries. Presently, all 82 LATIN centers in Mexico are guided by experts located in Bogota, Colombia and the 7 Argentina centers channeled through Santiago, Chile. Results 784,947 patients were screened for AMI at 350 LATIN centers (Brazil 143, Colombia 118, Mexico 82, Argentina 7). Navigation pathways are depicted in the attached figure. TTD remains extremely low in all four countries, and comparable efficiency and tele-accuracy have been achieved. With expanded geographic reach, 8,448 (1.08%) patients were diagnosed with STEMI and 3,911 (46.3%) urgently reperfused, including 3,049 (78%) with Primary PCI. Time to TTD ranged between 2.8 to 5.8 minutes, with a mean of 3.5 min. Tele-accuracy was 98.5%, D2B 51 min, and in-hospital mortality 5.2%. Various other comparative metrics for the 4 countries are being gathered and will be available at the time of presentation. Conclusions LATIN demonstrates the robust ability of telemedicine to transcend national boundaries to guide AMI management. This strategy can be adopted in under-developed countries in Asia and Africa to provide an umbrella of AMI care for the millions of disadvantaged patients.

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Intelligent tools for creative graphics

ACM SIGGRAPH 2020 Courses ◽

10.1145/3388769.3407498 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ariel Shamir ◽

Niloy J. Mitra ◽

Nobuyuki Umetani ◽

Yuki Koyama

Keyword(s):

Intelligent Tools

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A Personalized Machine-Learning-Enabled Method for Efficient Research in Ethnopharmacology. The Case of the Southern Balkans and the Coastal Zone of Asia Minor

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135826 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5826

Author(s):

Evangelos Axiotis ◽

Andreas Kontogiannis ◽

Eleftherios Kalpoutzakis ◽

George Giannakopoulos

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Asia Minor ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽

Intelligent Tools ◽

Southern Balkans

Ethnopharmacology experts face several challenges when identifying and retrieving documents and resources related to their scientific focus. The volume of sources that need to be monitored, the variety of formats utilized, and the different quality of language use across sources present some of what we call “big data” challenges in the analysis of this data. This study aims to understand if and how experts can be supported effectively through intelligent tools in the task of ethnopharmacological literature research. To this end, we utilize a real case study of ethnopharmacology research aimed at the southern Balkans and the coastal zone of Asia Minor. Thus, we propose a methodology for more efficient research in ethnopharmacology. Our work follows an “expert–apprentice” paradigm in an automatic URL extraction process, through crawling, where the apprentice is a machine learning (ML) algorithm, utilizing a combination of active learning (AL) and reinforcement learning (RL), and the expert is the human researcher. ML-powered research improved the effectiveness and efficiency of the domain expert by 3.1 and 5.14 times, respectively, fetching a total number of 420 relevant ethnopharmacological documents in only 7 h versus an estimated 36 h of human-expert effort. Therefore, utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) tools to support the researcher can boost the efficiency and effectiveness of the identification and retrieval of appropriate documents.

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Benefits of a Nurse Directed over the Counter Medication Dispensing System in an Automotive Plant

AAOHN Journal ◽

10.1177/216507990104900905 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

pp. 422-428

Author(s):

Yvonne Abdoo ◽

Sally L. Lusk ◽

Cynthia S. Darling-Fisher ◽

David L. Ronis ◽

Richard J. Kowalski

Keyword(s):

Over The Counter ◽

Counter Medication ◽

Medication Dispensing

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Improving Learner-Computer Interaction through Intelligent Learning Material Delivery Using Instructional Design Modeling

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e23060668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 668

Author(s):

Christos Troussas ◽

Akrivi Krouska ◽

Cleo Sgouropoulou

Keyword(s):

Instructional Design ◽

Adaptive Learning ◽

Educational Software ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Learning Material ◽

Java Programming ◽

Undergraduate University Students ◽

Intelligent Tools ◽

Content Based Filtering ◽

Computer Interaction

This paper describes an innovative and sophisticated approach for improving learner-computer interaction in the tutoring of Java programming through the delivery of adequate learning material to learners. To achieve this, an instructional theory and intelligent techniques are combined, namely the Component Display Theory along with content-based filtering and multiple-criteria decision analysis, with the intention of providing personalized learning material and thus, improving student interaction. Until now, the majority of the research efforts mainly focus on adapting the presentation of learning material based on students’ characteristics. As such, there is free space for researching issues like delivering the appropriate type of learning material, in order to maintain the pedagogical affordance of the educational software. The blending of instructional design theories and sophisticated techniques can offer a more personalized and adaptive learning experience to learners of computer programming. The paper presents a fully operating intelligent educational software. It merges pedagogical and technological approaches for sophisticated learning material delivery to students. Moreover, it was used by undergraduate university students to learn Java programming for a semester during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings of the evaluation showed that the presented way for delivering the Java learning material surpassed other approaches incorporating merely instructional models or intelligent tools, in terms of satisfaction and knowledge acquisition.

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Gatifloxacin-Associated Hypoglycemia

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512250201800605 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 319-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Miguel A Parilo

Keyword(s):

Case Summary ◽

Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Administration Error ◽

Oral Hypoglycemic Medications ◽

Hypoglycemic Therapy ◽

Intravenous Dextrose ◽

Drug Administration Error

Objective: To report a case of prolonged hypoglycemia associated with glyburide and gatifloxacin use. Case Summary: An 82-year-old white woman with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic renal insufficiency developed postoperative pneumonia. She had previously been on long-term glyburide therapy. Protracted hypoglycemia after institution of gatifloxacin developed despite discontinuation of oral hypoglycemic therapy. After 2 days of intravenous dextrose, sustained normoglycemia was achieved. Discussion: Hypoglycemic reactions with glyburide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been reported, but not with gatifloxacin. Although drug administration error cannot be excluded, no documentation exists to support this. The onset of hypoglycemia soon after administration of gatifloxacin and reports of similar interactions favor the hypothesis that hypoglycemia was induced by a gatifloxacin–glyburide interaction. Conclusions: Fluoroquinolone-associated hypoglycemia has been documented, and an interaction of gatifloxacin and glyburide appears probable. Patients with diabetes should be monitored for the development of resistant hypoglycemia, especially if they are on concomitant oral hypoglycemic medications.

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