Sleep Disturbances as Side Effects of Therapeutic Drugs

1995 ◽  
pp. 537-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kales ◽  
A. N. Vgontzas
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs

scholarly journals Beyond the high: Mapping patterns of use and motives for use of cannabis as medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 145507252098596
Author(s):  
Sinikka L. Kvamme ◽  
Michael M. Pedersen ◽  
Sagi Alagem-Iversen ◽  
Birgitte Thylstrup
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Patient Organisations ◽  
Patterns Of Use

Background: In Denmark the boundaries between cannabis as an illicit drug and licit medicine have shifted rapidly in recent years, affecting also policy. However, the vast majority of Danes, who use cannabis as medicine (CaM) continue to rely on the unregulated market for supply. This study explores patterns of use and motives for use of CaM in Denmark. Methods: An anonymous online survey was made available to a convenience sample of users of CaM from July 14, 2018 to November 1, 2018. Participants were recruited through patient organisations, social and public media, and the illegal open cannabis market. Results: Of the final sample ( n = 3,021), a majority were women (62.6%) and the mean age was 49 years. Most had no prescription for CaM (90.9%), a majority had no or limited previous experience with recreational cannabis use (63.9%), and had used CaM for two years or less (65.0%). The most common form of intake was oil (56.8%) followed by smoke (24.0%). CBD oil (65.0%) was used more than hash, pot or skunk (36.2%). Most frequent conditions treated were chronic pain (32.0%), sleep disturbances (27.5%), stress (23.7%), osteoarthritis (22.7%), anxiety (19.6%), and depression (19.6%). Overall, users experienced CaM to be effective in managing somatic and mental health conditions and reported relatively few side-effects. CBD oil only users were more likely to be women, older, have limited recreational experience and have initiated use recently. Conclusions: A new user group has emerged in Denmark that, for the most part, use illegally sourced CaM to treat a broad range of somatic and mental health conditions, often with experienced effect and relatively low level of side-effects. The prevalent use of low-potency CBD oil indicates an interest in effects beyond the high normally associated with cannabis use. More clinical research into the effects and side-effects of CaM is needed to draw the boundaries of the medical utility of cannabis.

Genetic predictors of antidepressant side effects: A grouped candidate gene approach in the Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hodgson ◽  
Rudolf Uher ◽  
Andrew A Crawford ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Michael C O’Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Candidate Gene Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Genetic Predictors

A Detailed Review on Herbal Treatments for Treatment of PCOS- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Wal ◽  
Pranay Wal ◽  
Nikita Saraswat ◽  
Simran Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Diseased Condition ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: The review gives a brief about PCOS and the symptoms related to the disease. Around 2.2 to 26% cases of PCOS are present globally. The disorder generally occurs in the reproductive age group women. The review has a mention of few herbs which can be used to correct the diseased condition. The various herbs have positive effect on the diseased condition and can be used to cure symptoms like hypothyroidism, hyperplasia, obesity, diabetes, Menorrhagia, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular problems, hyperlipidemia, hirsutism, infertility, irregular menstrual cycle, etc. The search engines used are PubMed, various review articles, etc. Methods: The method involved in the review includes various medicinal herbs that have seen to affect women having various gynecological disorders like Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome, Uterine Fibroids, and Endometriosis. Materials: The herbs included in the review include Bauhinia variegata useful in hormone imbalance, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula, and Commiphora wightii are used to regulate the hormones, Cinnamon cassia acts as an anti-oxidant, Tribulus terrestris improves reproductive dysfunction, Hypericum perforatum regulates depression, Commiphora myrrha prevents menorrhagia, Nigella sativa controls cholesterol, Saraca asoca has estrogenic action, Asparagus racemosus promotes folliculogenesis, Tinospora cordifolia regulates menstrual flow, Ocimum sanctum as an anti-oxidant. Conclusion:: The plants taken had positive effect on women with PCOS without causing any side-effects. The natural herbs used for the treatment of PCOS did not have any side effects and treated the diseased condition naturally. The review is to understand the natural plants available for the treatment of the disease naturally. The herbs can be used individually or can be used in combination.

Medications for Fatigue

2020 ◽  
pp. 217-242
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Roth ◽  
Christian J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Depression

Cancer-related fatigue is common, occurring in up to 80% of patients. Distressing fatigue can be related to psychiatric or medical causes such as significant depression, frequent intense anxiety, or panic attacks, as well as sleep disturbances, pain, and electrolyte or hormonal abnormalities. It is often caused by a wide range of medications and substances. This chapter presents the various causes of fatigue to help non-prescribing clinicians distinguish fatigue from other look-alike diagnoses such as depression and make appropriate referrals to prescribers. Identifying opportunities to supplement nonpharmacologic therapies with an activating medication can improve a patient’s quality of life and joy in living. This chapter will help all clinicians become more aware of medications used to boost energy, such as energizing antidepressants, wakefulness agents, and psychostimulants, as well as the potential side effects of these medications.

128 The Effects of Acupuncture on Pain on the Burn Service

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S86-S86
Author(s):  
Theresa L Chin ◽  
Kimberly Burton ◽  
Mini Thomas ◽  
Nicole O Bernal ◽  
Bobby Nourani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Auricular Acupuncture ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wound Pain

Abstract Introduction Acupuncture is a well known modality in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments including pain. There is increasing evidence that acupuncture reduces postoperative pain, but it is poorly studied, especially in burn and wound patients. We report our initial experience with acupuncture treatment associated with burns and wounds on our burn service. Methods Our hospital now employs acupuncturists as part of implementation of integrative health modalities. Data on Burn service patients who underwent acupuncture were prospectively collected. Patients consented prior to treatment. Additional reasons for treatment other than pain were collected. Pain scores before and after the session were recorded. If patients were sleeping at the end of treatment and a pain score could not be obtained, the pain score was assigned zero. Side effects, including local bleeding, bruising, needling discomfort and short-term nerve irritation, were followed. Results From March to October 2019, nineteen patients on the Burn service were treated with acupuncture for a total of 178 sessions. Median age was 56 years (IQR:46–64.5). One pediatric patient was treated. Most (70%, n=14) were burn patients and 6 patients had other types of wounds. Median TBSA for burn patients was 8.5% (IQR:5.4–10.4). The number of treatments per patient ranged from 1–23 with a median of 5 (IQR:2.5–19). The median pain score prior to acupuncture treatment was 3 (IQR:0–5) and after treatment was 0 (IQR:0–2.25). Almost half (48%) of the treatments included other symptoms besides pain, most commonly for sleeping disorders (n=33) and anxiety (n=28). No side effects of acupuncture were reported. The most common auricular acupuncture points were shenmen and sympathetic, which targets relaxation and pain. Large Intestine 4, located on the hand, and Liver 3, located on the foot, were the most common body acupuncture points, which target relaxation and generalized pain. Conclusions Acupuncture appears to mitigate burn and wound pain and can be used to treat other acute ailments besides pain. There are few side effects of acupuncture on burn and wound patients. Based on our initial experience, a prospective observational study to identify the efficacy of acupuncture in burn patients for pain control and other symptoms is being developed. Applicability of Research to Practice In light of the opioid crisis, new applications of nonopioid modalities for pain management should be investigated. Acupuncture is low risk with potential benefit without opioids. Furthermore, other symptoms such as sleep disturbances and anxiety may be treated without pharmacologic medications.

scholarly journals Energy drinks and other dietary supplement use among adolescents attending secondary schools in Trinidad and Tobago

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 2156-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence J Babwah ◽  
Rohan G Maharaj ◽  
Paula Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to determine the knowledge and practices among Trinidad and Tobago school-attending adolescents towards energy drinks (ED), alcohol combined with energy drinks (AwED), weight-altering supplements (WAS) and vitamin/mineral supplements (VMS) and their experience of adverse effects associated with such use.DesignA cross-sectional, proportionate, stratified sampling strategy was adopted using a self-administered, de novo questionnaire.SettingSecondary schools throughout Trinidad and Tobago.SubjectsStudents aged 15–19 years.ResultsFive hundred and sixty-one students participated, an 84 % response rate; 43·0 % were male, 40·5 % East Indian and 34·1 % mixed race. VMS, ED, WAS and anabolic steroids were used by 52·4 %, 44·0 %, 8·9 % and 1·4 % of students, respectively, with 51·6 % of ED users using AwED. Predictors of use of AwED were males and students who played sport for their school (OR = 1·9; 95 % CI 1·2, 3·2 and OR = 2·6; 95 % CI 1·4, 4·7, respectively). Predictors of ED use were males and attendees of government secondary schools (OR = 1·7; 95 % CI 1·1, 2·4 and OR = 1·7; 95 % CI 1·2, 2·4, respectively). Side-effects, mainly palpitations, headaches and sleep disturbances, were reported in 20·7 % of dietary supplement users.ConclusionsMany adolescent students in Trinidad and Tobago use dietary supplements, including ED and AwED, and about one-fifth of users experience side-effects. Identification of students at risk for ED, AwED and WAS use and education of students about the dangers of using dietary supplements need to be instituted to prevent potential adverse events.

scholarly journals A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of a Polyphenol Botanical Blend on Sleep and Daytime Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3044
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Tubbs ◽  
Kathryn E. R. Kennedy ◽  
Pamela Alfonso-Miller ◽  
Chloe C. A. Wills ◽  
Michael A. Grandner
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Daytime Functioning ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Despite the high prevalence of subclinical sleep disturbances, existing treatments are either potent prescription medications or over-the-counter supplements with minimal scientific support and numerous side effects. However, preliminary evidence shows that polyphenols such as rosmarinic acid and epigallocatechin gallate can support healthy sleep without significant side effects. Therefore, the present study examined whether a polyphenol botanical blend (PBB) could improve sleep and/or daytime functioning in individuals with subclinical sleep disturbances. A total of 89 individuals completed a double-blind, randomized trial of daily treatment with PBB (n = 43) or placebo (n = 46) 30 min before bed for 30 days. Participants were monitored for changes in sleep (by sleep diary and an activity tracker), mood, and neurocognitive functioning. After 30 days, PBB improved diary sleep quality (p = 0.008) and reduced insomnia severity (p = 0.044) when compared to placebo. No other changes in sleep outcomes were observed. Additionally, PBB did not impair neurocognitive functioning, and some improvement was noted in vigilant attention, working memory, and risk assessment. Among individuals with subclinical sleep disturbances, PBB improved sleep quality, insomnia severity, and neurocognitive functioning over placebo. These findings indicate that polyphenol compounds may be useful for improving certain aspects of sleep without compromising neurocognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Canadian Expert Panel Recommendations on the Management of CNS Symptoms Related to Efavirenz

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (suppl c) ◽  
pp. 20C-30C ◽  
Author(s):  
M John Gill ◽  
Anita Rachlis ◽  
Sharon Walmsley ◽  
Mark Halman ◽  
The Efavirenz Consensus Working Group
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Care Providers

Efavirenz is a potent antiretroviral agent used in combination with other antiretroviral agents as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Efavirenz is generally well tolerated because the majority of its adverse effects are self-limiting, with central nervous symptoms and rash being the most frequent. In routine practice, the discontinuation rate of efavirenz due to adverse effects appears higher than that described in clinical trials. To minimize early treatment interruption and maximize the benefit of long term viral suppression that can be achieved with efavirenz therapy, health care providers and patients have identified that there is a need for information, education about and practical tools for the management of efavirenz-related side effects. To this end, a panel of experts in the care of HIV patients consisting of primary care physicians, infectious disease specialists, psychiatrists and pharmacists was convened. Through the evaluation of current literature and discussion among the group, the panel arrived at consensus recommendations. The present report outlines general management recommendations that apply to adverse effects related to efavirenz initiation, as well as specific management strategies for central nervous system symptoms such as agitation, sleep disturbances, dreams, dizziness, impaired concentration and depression. It is hoped that these practical recommendations will aid clinicians in minimizing and improving patient tolerance of side effects, thereby achieving improved adherence and patient outcomes.

The Addition of Visken to Methyldopa Therapy in Hypertension: A Multicentre Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Supine Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressures

Forty-one patients completed the study where Visken was added to the treatment regimen of patients whose blood pressures were poorly controlled on methyldopa or who were experiencing side-effects with methyldopa. Supine blood pressure was reduced from 177/108 mm Hg before Visken therapy to 159/96 mm Hg after twelve weeks of taking Visken. The dose of methyldopa was reduced from a mean 921 mg at the start to 445 mg at the end. Fourteen patients were able to stop methyldopa therapy. The number of side-effects reported was reduced as the study continued and fifteen patients commented that they felt better on Visken. Nine patients did not complete the trial, three of these because of side-effects, viz insomnia, lethargy and sleep disturbances.

A Controlled Study of Trancopal in the Treatment of Sleep Disturbances Due to Anxiety

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M T Warnock
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Matching Placebo ◽  
Daily Record ◽  
Single Night

Sixty-eight patients presenting with sleep disturbances due to mild neurotic anxiety were treated for two weeks with a single night-time dose of 400 mg Trancopal or matching placebo under double-blind conditions. Patients kept a daily record of the quality of their sleep and the observer carried out a weekly rating of anxiety using a modified Hamilton scale. By Day 7 patients receiving Trancopal had a significantly better rating for sleep and mean Hamilton scores for day-time anxiety than the placebo group. Side-effects were minimal. It was concluded that for patients with sleep disturbances due to neurotic anxiety Trancopal is a well tolerated and effective alternative to the hypnotics.

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