Characterization of the Complex Third-order Susceptibility of Myoglobin using Diffractive Optics

ABSTRACTA convenient method of measuring the nonlinear optical properties of molecular compounds is described. The method involves measuring the quadratic electro-optical coefficient of a polymer composite containing a variable concentration of the candidate NLO material. The X(3) (ω) value obtained by this low-frequency Kerr measurement, after local-field corrections, can be compared to the nonresonant third-order susceptibility measured by degenerate-four-wave-mixing technique on selective samples. We find that the choice of the polymer matrix dictates the contribution of second-order susceptibility to the Kerr coefficient. Therefore, our method can also be extended to the measurement of second-order susceptibility, analogous to the technique of field-induced second-harmonic-generation.

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Using a single-beam-CARS setup for the full characterization of the third-order susceptibility and elimination of strong two-photon excited fluorescence

2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC ◽

10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2013.6800851 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Wipfler ◽

Jean Rehbinder ◽

Tiago Buckup ◽

Marcus Motzkus

Keyword(s):

Third Order ◽

Single Beam ◽

Full Characterization ◽

Two Photon ◽

The Third ◽

Order Susceptibility

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Synthesis and Optical Characterization of New NLO-Active Polyurethanes and a Silver Colloidal Suspension in a Select Polyurethane

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-247-117 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 247 ◽

Author(s):

P. Kitlplchal ◽

R. LaPeruta ◽

G. M. Korenowskl ◽

G. E. Wnek

Keyword(s):

Composite System ◽

Colloidal Suspension ◽

Optical Characterization ◽

Optical Nonlinearities ◽

Third Order ◽

Polymer Backbone ◽

System A ◽

Chemical Enhancement ◽

Order Susceptibility

ABSTRACTNLO-active polyurethanes were developed and optically characterized. We synthesized polyurethanes possessing large hyperpolarlzabilities, which are covalently attached or crosslinked to the polymer backbone. At ambient temperature the d33 values for poled polyurethanes were measured shortly after poling and 6 months later. The second-order nonllnearlty of the poled, crosslinked polyurethane is extremely stable decreasing slightly over 6 months. Also, using a polyurethane bearing a tricyanovinyl moiety as the host, we developed a nonlinear optical silver nanoparticle composite system. A third-order susceptibility was measured for the composite and was determined to be larger than that from the sum of its components. A chemical enhancement mechanism is speculated to be contributing to the large optical nonlinearities.

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Experimental Uncertainty in Third-Order Susceptibility and Molecular Second Hyperpolarizability Measurements Obtained with Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing.

10.21236/ada354061 ◽

1995 ◽

Author(s):

Brian R. Kimball ◽

Joseph F. Roach

Keyword(s):

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Experimental Uncertainty ◽

Third Order ◽

Second Hyperpolarizability ◽

Degenerate Four Wave Mixing ◽

Order Susceptibility

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On the similarity to nonnegative and Metzler Hessenberg forms

Special Matrices ◽

10.1515/spma-2020-0140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Christian Grussler ◽

Anders Rantzer

Keyword(s):

Standard Form ◽

Complete Characterization ◽

Nonnegative Matrices ◽

Positive Systems ◽

Third Order ◽

Hessenberg Form ◽

Hessenberg Matrices ◽

Open Question ◽

Order Continuous

Abstract We address the issue of establishing standard forms for nonnegative and Metzler matrices by considering their similarity to nonnegative and Metzler Hessenberg matrices. It is shown that for dimensions n 3, there always exists a subset of nonnegative matrices that are not similar to a nonnegative Hessenberg form, which in case of n = 3 also provides a complete characterization of all such matrices. For Metzler matrices, we further establish that they are similar to Metzler Hessenberg matrices if n 4. In particular, this provides the first standard form for controllable third order continuous-time positive systems via a positive controller-Hessenberg form. Finally, we present an example which illustrates why this result is not easily transferred to discrete-time positive systems. While many of our supplementary results are proven in general, it remains an open question if Metzler matrices of dimensions n 5 remain similar to Metzler Hessenberg matrices.

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Numerical Characterization of Cohesive and Non-Cohesive ‘Sediments’ under Different Consolidation States Using 3D DEM Triaxial Experiments

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8101252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1252

Author(s):

Hadar Elyashiv ◽

Revital Bookman ◽

Lennart Siemann ◽

Uri ten Brink ◽

Katrin Huhn

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Response ◽

Burial Depth ◽

Cohesive Sediments ◽

Third Order ◽

First Order ◽

Numerical Characterization ◽

Response To Stress ◽

Bond Strengths ◽

Individual Bond

The Discrete Element Method has been widely used to simulate geo-materials due to time and scale limitations met in the field and laboratories. While cohesionless geo-materials were the focus of many previous studies, the deformation of cohesive geo-materials in 3D remained poorly characterized. Here, we aimed to generate a range of numerical ‘sediments’, assess their mechanical response to stress and compare their response with laboratory tests, focusing on differences between the micro- and macro-material properties. We simulated two endmembers—clay (cohesive) and sand (cohesionless). The materials were tested in a 3D triaxial numerical setup, under different simulated burial stresses and consolidation states. Variations in particle contact or individual bond strengths generate first order influence on the stress–strain response, i.e., a different deformation style of the numerical sand or clay. Increased burial depth generates a second order influence, elevating peak shear strength. Loose and dense consolidation states generate a third order influence of the endmember level. The results replicate a range of sediment compositions, empirical behaviors and conditions. We propose a procedure to characterize sediments numerically. The numerical ‘sediments’ can be applied to simulate processes in sediments exhibiting variations in strength due to post-seismic consolidation, bioturbation or variations in sedimentation rates.

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