The Role of Genotoxic and Nongenotoxic Agents in Multistage Carcinogenesis of Mouse Skin

1994 ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
A. Balmain ◽  
C. J. Kemp ◽  
P. A. Burns ◽  
R. Bremner ◽  
S. Bryson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Multistage Carcinogenesis

The Nude Mouse Skin Phenotype: The Role of Foxn1 in Hair Follicle Development and Cycling

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Mecklenburg ◽  
Motonobu Nakamura ◽  
John P. Sundberg ◽  
Ralf Paus
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

scholarly journals Differential Role of Basal Keratinocytes in UV-Induced Immunosuppression and Skin Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 8515-8526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Jans ◽  
George A. Garinis ◽  
Wouter Schul ◽  
Adri van Oudenaren ◽  
Michael Moorhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Basal Keratinocytes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Response To Stress

ABSTRACT Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs) comprise major UV-induced photolesions. If left unrepaired, these lesions can induce mutations and skin cancer, which is facilitated by UV-induced immunosuppression. Yet the contribution of lesion and cell type specificity to the harmful biological effects of UV exposure remains currently unclear. Using a series of photolyase-transgenic mice to ubiquitously remove either CPDs or 6-4PPs from all cells in the mouse skin or selectively from basal keratinocytes, we show that the majority of UV-induced acute effects to require the presence of CPDs in basal keratinocytes in the mouse skin. At the fundamental level of gene expression, CPDs induce the expression of genes associated with repair and recombinational processing of DNA damage, as well as apoptosis and a response to stress. At the organismal level, photolyase-mediated removal of CPDs, but not 6-4PPs, from the genome of only basal keratinocytes substantially diminishes the incidence of skin tumors; however, it does not affect the UVB-mediated immunosuppression. Taken together, these findings reveal a differential role of basal keratinocytes in these processes, providing novel insights into the skin's acute and chronic responses to UV in a lesion- and cell-type-specific manner.

Detection of the major DNA adducts of benzo[b]fluoranthene in mouse skin: Role of phenolic dihydrodiols

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric H. Weyand ◽  
Zhen Wei Cai ◽  
Yun Wu ◽  
Joseph E. Rice ◽  
Zhen Min He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Mouse Skin

Studies on the Role of Protein Kinase C in Multistage Carcinogenesis and Their Relevance to Risk Extrapolation

1992 ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Kevin R. O’Driscoll ◽  
Scott M. Kahn ◽  
Christoph M. Borner ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
I. Bernard Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Multistage Carcinogenesis ◽  
Kinase C

scholarly journals 084 The role of interferon and retroelements in lupus-prone Ro60 knockout mouse skin

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S14
Author(s):  
D. Rokunohe ◽  
E. Chiou ◽  
X. Sun ◽  
L. Tanaka ◽  
S.L. Wolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mouse ◽  
Mouse Skin

The role of complement factors in acute antibody-mediated rejection of mouse skin allografts

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. M. Berden ◽  
P. J. A. Capel ◽  
R. A. P. Koene
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Complement Factors ◽  
Antibody Mediated Rejection ◽  
Skin Allografts

scholarly journals Dual Role of α6β4 Integrin in Epidermal Tumor Growth: Tumor-suppressive Versus Tumor-promoting Function

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 4210-4221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Raymond ◽  
Maaike Kreft ◽  
Ji-Ying Song ◽  
Hans Janssen ◽  
Arnoud Sonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Mouse Tumor ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Laminin 5 ◽  
Tumor Suppressive Effect

An increased expression of the integrin α6β4 is correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinomas. However, little is known about the role of α6β4 in the early stages of tumor development. We have isolated cells from mouse skin (mouse tumor-initiating cells [mTICs]) that are deficient in both p53 and Smad4 and carry conditional alleles of the β4 gene (Itgb4). The mTICs display many features of multipotent epidermal stem cells and produce well-differentiated tumors after subcutaneous injection into nude mice. Deletion of Itgb4 led to enhanced tumor growth, indicating that α6β4 mediates a tumor-suppressive effect. Reconstitution experiments with β4-chimeras showed that this effect is not dependent on ligation of α6β4 to laminin-5, but on the recruitment by this integrin of the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin to the plasma membrane. Depletion of plectin, like that of β4, led to increased tumor growth. In contrast, when mTICs had been further transformed with oncogenic Ras, α6β4 stimulated tumor growth, as previously observed in human squamous neoplasms. Expression of different effector-loop mutants of RasV12 suggests that this effect depends on a strong activation of the Erk pathway. Together, these data show that depending on the mutations involved, α6β4 can either mediate an adhesion-independent tumor-suppressive effect or act as a tumor promotor.

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