Higher-order Dependence in the General Power ARCH Process and the Role of Power Parameter

2008 ◽  
pp. 231-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changli He ◽  
Hans Malmsten ◽  
Timo Teräsvirta
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Power Parameter ◽  
Order Dependence ◽  
General Power

Collision Induced Microwave Absorption in N2, CH4, and N2–Ar, N2–CH4 Mixtures at 1.1 and 2.3 cm−1

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Dagg ◽  
G. E. Reesor ◽  
J. L. Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Absorption ◽  
Quadrupole Moment ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Induced Absorption ◽  
High Q ◽  
Order Dependence

Collision induced microwave absorption is reported in pure N2, N2–Ar, N2–CH4, mixtures, and in pure CH4 in the 35 and 70 GHz regions (1.1 and 2.3 cm−1) at a temperature of 22 °C. The measurements are accomplished using overmoded high Q cavities capable of pressurization of up to 5000 p.s.i.g. The apparatus and method are described. With the high sensitivity attained, the results in pure N2 from 30 → 250 amagat reveal terms in the square and cube of the density from which the relaxation times are calculated. The linear dependence on frequency of the collision induced absorption up to 2.3 cm−1 is established. Higher order dependence on the density is observed in the N2–Ar and N2–CH4 mixtures. Various estimates of the quadrupole moment of N2 are given, making use of earlier results in other frequency regions.

Relativistic two-component calculations of electronic g-tensor for oxo-molybdenum(V) and oxo-tungsten(V) complexes: The important role of higher-order spin-orbit contributions

2009 ◽  
Vol 356 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hrobárik ◽  
Olga L. Malkina ◽  
Vladimir G. Malkin ◽  
Martin Kaupp
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Two Component

scholarly journals Dynamics of Extreme Stratospheric Negative Heat Flux Events in an Idealized Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 3521-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Dunn-Sigouin ◽  
Tiffany Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Flow Mechanism ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Idealized Model

Recent work has shown that extreme stratospheric wave-1 negative heat flux events couple with the troposphere via an anomalous wave-1 signal. Here, a dry dynamical core model is used to investigate the dynamical mechanisms underlying the events. Ensemble spectral nudging experiments are used to isolate the role of specific dynamical components: 1) the wave-1 precursor, 2) the stratospheric zonal-mean flow, and 3) the higher-order wavenumbers. The negative events are partially reproduced when nudging the wave-1 precursor and the zonal-mean flow whereas they are not reproduced when nudging either separately. Nudging the wave-1 precursor and the higher-order wavenumbers reproduces the events, including the evolution of the stratospheric zonal-mean flow. Mechanism denial experiments, whereby one component is fixed to the climatology and others are nudged to the event evolution, suggest higher-order wavenumbers play a role by modifying the zonal-mean flow and through stratospheric wave–wave interaction. Nudging all tropospheric wave precursors (wave-1 and higher-order wavenumbers) confirms they are the source of the stratospheric waves. Nudging all stratospheric waves reproduces the tropospheric wave-1 signal. Taken together, the experiments suggest the events are consistent with downward wave propagation from the stratosphere to the troposphere and highlight the key role of higher-order wavenumbers.

Higher order neurons in buccal ganglia of Pleurobranchaea elicit vomiting motor activity

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. McClellan
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Command Neurons ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Buccal Ganglia ◽  
Output Pattern ◽  
Stimulation Of

The buccal mass of the gastropod Pleurobranchaea is used during a regurgitation response that consists of a writhing phase interrupted by brief periodic bouts of a vomiting phase (17, 20). During transitions from writhing to vomiting, specific changes occur in the motor pattern (19, 20). Evidence is presented suggesting that at least some of the initiation or "command" neurons for vomiting reside in the buccal ganglia. The present paper examines the role of two candidate vomiting-initiation cells, the ventral white cells (VWC) and midganglionic cells (MC), in the buccal ganglia of isolated nervous systems. Stimulation of single VWCs activates a vomiting motor pattern, consisting in part of alternating buccal root activity. Furthermore, the VWCs fire in high-frequency bursts during episodes (i.e., bouts) of this same vomiting pattern. Mutual reexcitation between the VWCs and motor pattern generator (MPG) appears to produce the accelerated buildup and maintenance of vomiting rhythms. Brief stimulation of single MCs "triggers" bouts of a vomiting motor pattern, but the membrane potential of this cell is only modulated during this same pattern, at least in the isolated nervous system. It is proposed that in intact animals the MCs are activated by sensory inputs and briefly excite the VWC-MPG network, thereby turning on the mutual reexcitatory mechanism mentioned above and switching the output pattern. A general implication for gastropod research is that higher order neurons that activate buccal root activity cannot automatically be given the function of "feeding command neuron," as some cells clearly control other responses, such as vomiting.

The role of service fairness in the service quality – relationship quality – customer loyalty chain

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Giovanis ◽  
Pinelopi Athanasopoulou ◽  
Evangelos Tsoukatos
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
Service Fairness

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the well-established nomological network of service quality-relationship quality-customer loyalty by introducing service fairness – a distinct service evaluation concept. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the impact of service fairness on relationship quality as a complementary to service quality driver, and the direct and indirect effect of service fairness on customer loyalty in the presence of service quality and relationship quality in a no failure/recovery effort service context. Design/methodology/approach – A telephone survey of a random sample of 408 customers of auto repair and maintenance services was implemented using a structured questionnaire with established scales. Data were analyzed with partial least squares path methodology, a structural equation modeling methodology. Findings – Interactional fairness is the most important formative determinant of customers’ overall fairness perception, followed by procedural and distributive fairness. Relationship quality measured as a higher order construct, made of satisfaction; trust; affective and calculative commitment, is the main determinant of customer loyalty. Also, it partially mediates, along with service quality, the relationship between service fairness and customer loyalty and fully mediates the effect of service quality on customer loyalty. Finally, service fairness has the highest overall effect on customer loyalty. Research limitations/implications – The sample is industry-specific and this may affect generalizability of findings. Also, the cross-sectional design adopted does not reflect temporal changes. Practical implications – Interactional fairness is of utmost importance to customers of the investigated industry. So, customers should be fairly treated at every point of contact. Also, service quality is heavily affected by service fairness. Thus, fair service leads to high-perceived service quality. Third, service quality affects customer loyalty only through relationship quality. Only when service quality is coupled by long-term quality relationships, signs of customer loyalty appear. Finally, service fairness influences customer loyalty mainly through service and relationship quality and has the highest overall effect on customer loyalty. So, fairly treating customers is crucial for developing long-term relationships that lead to customer loyalty. Originality/value – The role of service fairness in the service quality-relationship quality-customer loyalty chain is investigated and using a higher order construct for relationship quality.

Role of Single Word Variables in Recall of Statistical Approximations to English

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari J. K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Of Approximation ◽  
Single Word ◽  
First Order ◽  
Original Order ◽  
Sequential Organization ◽  
The Individual

Free recall of lists at different orders of approximation to English was compared to the recall of the same lists when the order of the words had been scrambled to destroy their sequential organization. Recall of the organized lists showed the typical improvement with increasing order of approximation. Recall of the scrambled lists was unrelated to the original order of approximation. The results indicate that increased recall with increasing order of approximation to English is not produced by systematic differences in the characteristics of the individual words comprising the approximations. When recall of the organized lists was scored in terms of the number of longer sequences present in recall, the number of recalled sequences of any given length increased as order of approximation to English increased, with the first order list showing proportionally less organization in recall than the second and higher order lists.

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