Soil Protection Programmes and Strategies in Other Community Member States: Setting up of an Observation Network for Soil Quality in France

1987 ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
A. Gomez ◽  
C. Juste
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Community Member ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Member States ◽  
Observation Network

scholarly journals Perceived Adverse Effects of Separating Government Institutions for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Within the Southern African Development Community Member States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livhuwani D. Nemakonde ◽  
Dewald Van Niekerk ◽  
Per Becker ◽  
Sizwile Khoza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Southern African Development Community ◽  
Community Member ◽  
Member States ◽  
African Development ◽  
Government Institutions

Abstract Integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) is widely recognized as a solution for reducing the risk and impacts of disasters. However, successful integration seems elusive, and the two goals continue to function in isolation and in parallel. This article provides empirical insights into the perceived effects of separating government institutions for DRR and CCA within the Southern African Development Community member states. A mixed method research design was applied to the study. A total of 40 respondents from Botswana, Eswatini (until April 2018 Swaziland), Madagascar, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe participated in face-to-face interviews or an online survey. Five major effects of separating the organizations for DRR and CCA that impede efforts to reduce disaster risk coherently were identified: duplication of services, polarization of interventions, incoherent policies, competition for the same resources, and territorial contests. Given the continued fragmentation of institutions for DRR and CCA, highlighting these effects is important to emphasize the need for integrated approaches towards the reduction of disaster risk.

scholarly journals Shifts in compensation for environmental damage: reflections on China's new Soil Pollution Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-159
Author(s):  
Mengzing Lu ◽  
Michael Faure
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Regulatory Development

During the past decades, the deteriorating soil quality has become an urgent environmental issue on China's policy agenda. The enactment of the first national law for addressing soil pollution in 2018 has been regarded as a major legislative and regulatory development of China's environmental law, since it fills the legal void on soil protection. So far, China's Soil Pollution Law has received scant attention. This article presents an analysis of the liability regime for soil pollution created by this newly adopted law from legal and theoretical perspectives. Two historical shifts have been achieved in this law: first, it represents an important change in adopting an integrated regulatory framework for combatting soil contamination instead of a scattering of provisions and rules; second, it represents a significant shift towards an administrative liability regime, distinct from the environmental liability regimes for other types of environmental damage. This article argues also that several unsettled issues within this liability regime may pose challenges to improving soil quality.

scholarly journals Withdrawal of European Soil Framework Directive: Reasons and Recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yijia Chen
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Current State ◽  
Official Statement ◽  
The Uk

The European Soil Framework Directive was the first policy approach of soil protection at the European level. It had an objective to protect soils across Europe and maintain the sustainability of soil functions. Notwithstanding the significance of the directive along with both the current state and the trend of the soil in Europe were negative, it had been strongly blocked by five member states of the European Union since it was adopted in 2006, encompassing the UK, Germany, France, the Netherlands, and Austria. The proposal was withdrawn formally on 21 May 2014 by the European Commission without any official statement of reasons. Consequently, this study aimed at the reasons for the withdrawal and the amendments to the directive, which contributed to restoring its role in soil conservation. It ascertained the reasons and proved some recommendations principally via a deductive approach and qualitative research. The results demonstrated that the resistance of the five main blocking countries was the direct factor in the withdrawal. Behind the statements of opponents, financial difficulties and political issues were the possible underlying reasons. Hence, the European Commission could arrange more meetings and change some provisions to eliminate the misunderstanding with its member states. On the other hand, it is sensible for the opponents to be more flexible to deal with the directive, for instance, establishing the benefits from the articles as well as more approaches for solving the problem of financial shortage.

Labor Migration in Russia under Conditions of Integration in the Eurasian Economic Community

2008 ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ryazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Community Member ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Member States ◽  
Labor Migrants

The article analyzes tendencies and consequences of labor migration in Russia and the Eurasian Economic Community Member-States; estimations of the number of official and illegal labor migrants are given. The problems which employers meet while trying to register labor migrants in Russia are considered. Issues of state regulation of labor migration in Eurasian Economic Community Member-States and Russia are outlined.

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