Absolute Intensity Calibration Methods in the Vacuum UV Region

As a summary of the principal results presented at the ESRO symposium on Calibration Methods in the Vacuum Ultra Violet (Munich, 1968) a description is given of three different absolute intensity calibration methods. These are the branching ratio method, the synchrotron radiation method and the black-body radiation method, and they define the present state of the art.

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Final Report of the International Project for the Calibration of Absolute Intensities in Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s0021889878013138 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 196-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Small Angle ◽

Absolute Intensity ◽

Final Report ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

The Absolute ◽

Calibration Techniques ◽

Intensity Calibration ◽

Ray Scattering

An international intercomparison project was performed to test the reproducibility and the comparative accuracy of the various absolute intensity calibration techniques in current use in small-angle X-ray scattering with the participation of fifteen investigators from eight different laboratories in six countries. In the project, the absolute differential X-ray scattering cross sections of standard samples of glassy carbon and polystyrene were calibrated using five different calibration techniques and two different X-ray wavelengths. The results have been intercompared with a variety of statistical techniques. It is concluded that angularly dependent errors associated with determining the zero of angle, dead-time corrections, collimation corrections, and insufficiently close data point spacing are more important in accounting for discrepancies between laboratories than are differences in the absolute intensity calibration methods themselves.

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Modified branching ratio method for absolute intensity calibration in VUV spectroscopy

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science ◽

10.1109/tps.2005.860115 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1961-1967 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A.M. Daltrini ◽

M. Machida

Keyword(s):

Branching Ratio ◽

Absolute Intensity ◽

Ratio Method ◽

Vuv Spectroscopy ◽

Intensity Calibration

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NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s1600576717001972 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 462-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Andrew J. Allen ◽

Fan Zhang ◽

R. Joseph Kline ◽

William F. Guthrie ◽

Jan Ilavsky

Keyword(s):

Reference Material ◽

Small Angle ◽

Standard Reference Material ◽

Absolute Intensity ◽

Calibration Standard ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Nist Standard Reference Material ◽

Intensity Calibration ◽

Ray Scattering

The certification of a new standard reference material for small-angle scattering [NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS)], based on glassy carbon, is presented. Creation of this SRM relies on the intrinsic primary calibration capabilities of the ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering technique. This article describes how the intensity calibration has been achieved and validated in the certifiedQrange,Q= 0.008–0.25 Å−1, together with the purpose, use and availability of the SRM. The intensity calibration afforded by this robust and stable SRM should be applicable universally to all SAXS instruments that employ a transmission measurement geometry, working with a wide range of X-ray energies or wavelengths. The validation of the SRM SAXS intensity calibration using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is discussed, together with the prospects for including SANS in a future renewal certification.

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