Influence of Soil Contamination (Heavy Metals, Aromatic Hydrocarbons) on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, an Important Group of Symbiotic Fungi

1995 ◽  
pp. 627-628
Author(s):  
Corinne Leyval ◽  
Ingrid Weissenhorn ◽  
Philippe Binet
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi

scholarly journals NATIVE MICROBIOTA AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON GROWTH OF Paspalum millegrana SCHRAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
JOHNY DE JESUS MENDONÇA ◽  
LARISSA DE SOUZA GOIS ◽  
JACILENE FRANCISCA SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
TAMIRIS APARECIDA DE CARVALHO SANTOS ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
The Family ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Gigaspora Albida

ABSTRACT Paspalum millegrana grass is a member of the family Poaceae native to the Americas, whose interaction with native symbiotic fungi has not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interactions between the native microorganisms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the development of P. millegrana Schrad. The experimental design was completely randomized with seven treatments (control, without AMF; native microbial inoculant; native + UFLA05 Gigaspora albida; native + UFLA351 Rhizoglomus clarum; native + UFLA372 Claroideoglomus etunicatum; native + UFLA401 Acaulospora morrowiae, and a mix of all treatments). The substrate was autoclaved sand and coconut powder at 2:1, with eight repetitions. The variables analyzed were: mycorrhizal colonization, dark septate endophytic fungi colonization, number of mycorrhizal spores, dry shoot mass, dry root mass, root length and volume, number of tiller and mycorrhizal dependence. Mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi colonized P. millegrana. The sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with P. millegrana was influenced by mycorrhizal colonization, depending on the fungus-plant interaction. P. millegrana was responsive to native + UFLA05 and native + UFLA351. No correlation between tiller emergence and mycorrhizal colonization of P. millegrana was observed.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as a potential tool for bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Herath BMMD ◽  
Madushan KWA ◽  
Lakmali JPD ◽  
Yapa PN
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Potential Tool

Human activities have introduced large amounts of heavy metals into natural ecosystems in recent years. As a result, the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in plants, animals, and humans, which may have caused some health problems. Chemical and physical methods can remove the heavy metal in contaminated soil, but both are very expensive and ineffective. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are mutualistic symbionts in most plant roots. Furthermore, AMF are the essential mycorrhizae for phytoremediation, and the extensive hyphal network of them can increase the uptake of micro and macronutrients, water and heavy metals from the soil. However, AMF hyphae colonized in plant roots have an ability for compartmentalizing heavy metals inside plant roots. Furthermore, AMF hyphae are capable of secreting a glycoprotein, named glomalin, which can bind heavy metals and subsequently remove heavy metals absorbed by the plants from contaminated soil. Glomalin can develop the properties and structure of the soil, which helps to enhance soil fertility. This paper presents the role of AMF in the ecosystems and as potential tools for bioremediation of heavy metals in the soil.

scholarly journals No Significant Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Transfer of Radiocesium from Soil to Plants

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 6512-6517 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Joner ◽  
P. Roos ◽  
J. Jansa ◽  
E. Frossard ◽  
C. Leyval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycling ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Human Food Chain ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi

ABSTRACT The diffuse pollution by fission and activation products following nuclear accidents and weapons testing is of major public concern. Among the nuclides that pose a serious risk if they enter the human food chain are the cesium isotopes 137Cs and 134Cs (with half-lives of 30 and 2 years, respectively). The biogeochemical cycling of these isotopes in forest ecosystems is strongly affected by their preferential absorption in a range of ectomycorrhiza-forming basidiomycetes. An even more widely distributed group of symbiotic fungi are the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which colonize most herbaceous plants, including many agricultural crops. These fungi are known to be more efficient than ectomycorrhizas in transporting mineral elements from soil to plants. Their role in the biogeochemical cycling of Cs is poorly known, in spite of the consequences that fungal Cs transport may have for transfer of Cs into the human food chain. This report presents the first data on transport of Cs by these fungi by use of radiotracers and compartmented growth systems where uptake by roots and mycorrhizal hyphae is distinguished. Independent experiments in three laboratories that used different combinations of fungi and host plants all demonstrated that these fungi do not contribute significantly to plant uptake of Cs. The implications of these findings for the bioavailability of radiocesium in different terrestrial ecosystems are discussed.

Influence of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the persistence of aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated substrates

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Volante ◽  
Guido Lingua ◽  
Patrizia Cesaro ◽  
Andrea Cresta ◽  
Manuela Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
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