The Evolution of the Symbolic Domain in Living Systems and Artificial Life

1998 ◽  
pp. 377-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Umerez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Life ◽  
Living Systems

scholarly journals Emergence of Organisms

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Andrea Roli ◽  
Stuart A. Kauffman
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Evolution Of Life ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hostile Environments

Since early cybernetics studies by Wiener, Pask, and Ashby, the properties of living systems are subject to deep investigations. The goals of this endeavour are both understanding and building: abstract models and general principles are sought for describing organisms, their dynamics and their ability to produce adaptive behavior. This research has achieved prominent results in fields such as artificial intelligence and artificial life. For example, today we have robots capable of exploring hostile environments with high level of self-sufficiency, planning capabilities and able to learn. Nevertheless, the discrepancy between the emergence and evolution of life and artificial systems is still huge. In this paper, we identify the fundamental elements that characterize the evolution of the biosphere and open-ended evolution, and we illustrate their implications for the evolution of artificial systems. Subsequently, we discuss the most relevant issues and questions that this viewpoint poses both for biological and artificial systems.

Art as a Living System: Interactive Computer Artworks

Leonardo ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Sommerer ◽  
Laurent Mignonneau
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Living System ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interactive Installations

The authors design computer installations that integrate artificial life and real life by means of human-computer interaction. While exploring real-time interaction and evolutionary image processes, visitors to their interactive installations become essential parts of the systems by transferring the individual behaviors, emotions and personalities to the works' image processing. Images in these installations are not static, pre-fixed or predictable, but “living systems” themselves, representing minute changes in the viewers' interactions with the installations' evolutionary image processes.

Artificial Life as a Tool for Biological Inquiry

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1_2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Taylor ◽  
David Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Maintenance Of Sex ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Shifting Balance ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Natural Life

Artificial life embraces those human-made systems that possess some of the key properties of natural life. We are specifically interested in artificial systems that serve as models of living systems for the investigation of open questions in biology. First we review some of the artificial life models that have been constructed with biological problems in mind, and classify them by medium (hardware, software, or “wetware”) and by level of organization (molecular, cellular, organismal, or population). We then describe several “grand challenge” open problems in biology that seem especially good candidates to benefit from artificial life studies, including the origin of life and self-organi- zation, cultural evolution, origin and maintenance of sex, shifting balance in evolution, the relation between fitness and adaptedness, the structure of ecosystems, and the nature of mind.

Turing, Searle, and the Wizard of Oz

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
S. D. Noam Cook ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Future Technologies

Since the middle of the 20th century there has been a significant debate about the attribution of capacities of living systems, particularly humans, to technological artefacts, especially computers—from Turing’s opening gambit, to subsequent considerations of artificial intelligence, to recent claims about artificial life. Some now argue that the capacities of future technologies will ultimately make it impossible to draw any meaningful distinctions between humans and machines. Such issues center on what sense, if any, it makes to claim that gadgets can actually think, feel, act, live, etc. I outline this debate and offer a critique of its persistent polarization. I characterize two of the debate’s major camps (associated roughly with Turing and Searle); argue that the debate’s structure (including key assumptions inherent to each camp) precludes resolution; and, contend that some central clashes within the debate actually stem from an inadequately drawn distinction between claims about the capacities of artifacts and claims about the proper criteria for assessing such attributions. I offer a different perspective in which I: challenge some central elements of the debate that contribute to its perennially irresolvable state; hold that the debate needs to be placed more squarely in sync with how we in fact treat the attribution of such capacities to humans themselves; and, offer (unlike the other two camps) a foothold for making moral assessments of such proposed technologies.

scholarly journals REPLICATION AND EVOLUTION OF QUANTUM SPECIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. R27-R38 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARUN K. PATI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Living System ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Closed Universe ◽  
Basic Features

We dwell upon the physicist's conception of 'life' since Schrödinger and Wigner through to the modern-day language of living systems in the light of quantum information. We discuss some basic features of a living system such as ordinary replication and evolution in terms of quantum bio-information. We also discuss the principle of no-culling of living replicas. We show that in a collection of identical species there can be no entanglement between one of the mutated copies and the rest of the species in a closed universe. Even though these discussions revolve around 'artificial life' they may still be applicable in real biological systems under suitable conditions.

Advances in Artificial Life: Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems: Editorial

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Liò ◽  
Orazio Miglino ◽  
Giuseppe Nicosia ◽  
Stefano Nolfi ◽  
Mario Pavone
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Life ◽  
Living Systems

The ulam Programming Language for Artificial Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Ackley ◽  
Elena S. Ackley
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
Best Effort ◽  
Large Scale Systems

Traditional digital computing demands perfectly reliable memory and processing, so programs can build structures once then use them forever—but such deterministic execution is becoming ever more costly in large-scale systems. By contrast, living systems, viewed as computations, naturally tolerate fallible hardware by repairing and rebuilding structures even while in use—and suggest ways to compute using massive amounts of unreliable, merely best-effort hardware. However, we currently know little about programming without deterministic execution, in architectures where traditional models of computation—and deterministic ALife models such as the Game of Life—need not apply. This expanded article presents ulam, a language designed to balance concurrency and programmability upon best-effort hardware, using lifelike strategies to achieve robust and scalable computations. The article reviews challenges for traditional architecture, introduces the active-media computational model for which ulam is designed, and then presents the language itself, touching on its nomenclature and surface appearance as well as some broader aspects of robust software engineering. Several ulam examples are presented; then the article concludes with a brief consideration of the couplings between a computational model and its physical implementation.

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