Sixteenth-Century Manila Galleon Cargos on the American West Coast and a Kraak Plate Chronology

2016 ◽  
pp. 115-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Von der Porten
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West

The Scottish Herring Trade, 1470–1600

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Rorke
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
West Coast ◽  
North West ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
The North ◽  
East And West

This paper uses customs figures to show that herring exports from the east and west coast lowlands expanded significantly in the last six decades of the sixteenth century. The paper argues that the rise was primarily due to the north-west Highland fisheries being opened up and exploited by east and west coast burghs. These ventures required greater capital supplies and more complex organisation than their local inshore fisheries and they were often interrupted by political hostilities. However, the costs were a fraction of those required to establish a deepwater buss fleet, enabling Scotland to expand production and take advantage of European demand for fish while minimising additional capital costs.

scholarly journals Reversal of Long-Term Trend in Baseline Ozone Concentrations at the North American West Coast

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (20) ◽  
pp. 10,675-10,681 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Parrish ◽  
I. Petropavlovskikh ◽  
S. J. Oltmans
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West ◽  
Term Trend ◽  
North American West ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Term Trend

scholarly journals Changes in Winter Atmospheric Rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 Climate Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Warner ◽  
Clifford F. Mass ◽  
Eric P. Salathé
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
North American ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
The West ◽  
North American West ◽  
The North ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events

Abstract Most extreme precipitation events that occur along the North American west coast are associated with winter atmospheric river (AR) events. Global climate models have sufficient resolution to simulate synoptic features associated with AR events, such as high values of vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) approaching the coast. From phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), 10 simulations are used to identify changes in ARs impacting the west coast of North America between historical (1970–99) and end-of-century (2070–99) runs, using representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. The most extreme ARs are identified in both time periods by the 99th percentile of IVT days along a north–south transect offshore of the coast. Integrated water vapor (IWV) and IVT are predicted to increase, while lower-tropospheric winds change little. Winter mean precipitation along the west coast increases by 11%–18% [from 4% to 6% (°C)−1], while precipitation on extreme IVT days increases by 15%–39% [from 5% to 19% (°C)−1]. The frequency of IVT days above the historical 99th percentile threshold increases as much as 290% by the end of this century.

A New Species of Megalaria from the North American West Coast, and Notes on the Generic Circumscription

1996 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Ekman ◽  
Tor Tønsberg ◽  
Tor Tonsberg
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West ◽  
North American West ◽  
The North ◽  
A New Species

Early Contact and Migration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Fawn Chung
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
American West ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
The West ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Chain Migration ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
And Migration

This chapter focuses on the early contact between Chinese and Americans, the lumber trade, the Chinese immigration to the American West, the recruitment of workers to North America, chain migration, and the importance of early Chinese organizations. It examines why and how the Chinese first came to the American West, what kinds of organizations they established, how they were recruited for work, and what they contributed to the building of the new frontier. It also considers how trade between the West Coast and China, and especially the latter's eastern coastal cities, developed and shows that most Chinese immigrants harbored the “American dream” and thus came voluntarily to the American West. Finally, it discusses some of the factors that worked against the Chinese's acculturation and assimilation, including, language and value differences.

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