Conservation Beyond Protected Areas: The Challenge of Landraces and Crop Wild Relatives

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Perrings
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives

scholarly journals Crop wild relatives in the Magadan province of Russia: perspectives of gene pool conservation

VAVILOVIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
G. V. Talovina
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Far East ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
Oxycoccus Palustris ◽  
Specially Protected Areas ◽  
State Nature

Eight species classified as rare in the Magadan Province, including those located at the boundary of their natural distribution area, with a narrow ecological amplitude, require not only monitoring of the known, but also search for new populations. These species can be recommended for the inclusion in the Red List of Crop Wild Relatives of the Far East. Most successfully these species can be conserved in protected areas with a special conservation regime. Populations of three species recorded in the Magadansky State Nature Reserve (Allium ochotense Prokh., Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir. and Oxycoccus palustris Pers.) should be monitored on a regular basis. The occurrence of Rheum compactum L. in the nature reserve needs to be confirmed. Also, Rheum compactum L. and others species not recorded in the nature reserve, i.e., Artemisia dracunculus L., Bromopsis canadensis (Michx.) Holub, Dracocephalum stellerianum F. Hiltebr. and Linum komarovii Juz., require a search for stable cenoses (and establishment of intracenotic relations) in order to justify the need in creating special nature micro-reserves, including those in other specially protected areas of the province.

Anin situapproach to the conservation of temperate cereal crop wild relatives in the Mediterranean Basin and Asian centre of diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Phillips ◽  
Katherine Whitehouse ◽  
Nigel Maxted
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

AbstractCereal crops are one of the most widely consumed and most valuable crops for humankind. The species have been domesticated for over 10,000 years and as such have lost much of the genetic diversity that is present within their wild relatives. Future breeding efforts will require the use of genetic diversity from crop wild relatives (CWRs) to help improve our cereal crops. This study aims to identify anin situconservation network within the Mediterranean Basin and west Asia for the four cereal crops, barley (HordeumL.), oat (AvenaL.), rye (SecaleL.) and wheat (AegilopsL.,AmblyopyrumL.,TriticumL.). This region is a centre of diversity for these taxa and an area of potentially high genetic diversity, which if left unprotected will not be available for plant breeders to utilize in the future. Presence point data for a total of 90 taxa were collected from GBIF and resulted in 76,343 individual presence points across the 44 countries in the study region. Geographic Information System (GIS) software was used to identify potentialin situreserve networks per crop genepool and for all crops combined. Results indicate a network of 10 locations across the region which would protect over 80% of the taxa. The number one priority reserve is found within the Fertile Crescent region on the border of Israel, Syria and Jordan. This proposed reserve location contains 93 currently protected areas (i.e. National Parks) and as such, it may only be necessary to alter management plans to effectively protect CWR populations. For taxa not found within protected areasex situconservation may be more appropriate and should be implemented as a backup to thein situreserve network.

Priority areas for the in situ conservation of crop wild relatives in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Holness ◽  
Michelle Hamer ◽  
Joana Magos Brehm ◽  
Domitilla Raimondo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Natural Habitats

AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are wild plant taxa that have broader genetic diversity than crops hence they are an excellent source of genes and traits to improve crops. The potential value of CWR for agriculture and the need to protect these plants in their natural habitats (in situ) have been recognized globally. South Africa has the richest temperate flora globally, and the checklist of food and fodder CWR for the country considers 258 taxa to be high priority for conservation. A systematic conservation planning approach was used for spatial prioritization for in situ conservation actions for CWR. Protected areas were categorized on the basis of their CWR richness. The Kruger National Park has the highest number of CWR (66 taxa), but most of these are widespread and common. Fifty-seven protected areas, most of which are in the Western and Eastern Cape fynbos, are irreplaceable for protecting a number of endemic and threatened CWR. For priority CWR not adequately represented in existing protected areas, a spatial plan was developed to identify the smallest area that aligns with existing targets for the National Protected Areas Expansion Strategy, that are not transformed in terms of habitat, and that are projected to be climate change resilient. Mechanisms for ensuring uptake of the recommendations for the in situ conservation of CWR have been documented in a National Strategy and Action Plan and these include making information and data available and promoting the inclusion of CWR in current management and monitoring activities.

Crop wild relatives and their conservation strategies in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-757
Author(s):  
Yu Yanbo ◽  
Wang Qunliang ◽  
Kell Shelagh ◽  
Maxted Nigel ◽  
V. Ford-Lloyd Brian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Conservation Strategies

scholarly journals Status of the Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation of Brazilian Crop Wild Relatives of Rice, Potato, Sweet Potato, and Finger Millet: Filling the Gaps of Germplasm Collections

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Marcelo B. Medeiros ◽  
José F. M. Valls ◽  
Aluana G. Abreu ◽  
Gustavo Heiden ◽  
Suelma Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The Status

This study presents the status of ex situ and in situ conservation for the crop wild relatives of rice, potato, sweet potato, and finger millet in Brazil, and the subsequent germplasm collection expeditions. This research is part of a global initiative entitled “Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting, and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives” supported by the Global Crop Diversity Trust. Species of the primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools with occurrences reported in Brazil were included: Oryza alta Swallen, O. grandiglumis (Döll) Prod., O. latifolia Desv., O. glumaepatula Steud., Eleusine tristachya (Lam.) Lam., E. indica (L.) Gaertn., Solanum commersonii Dunal, S. chacoense Bitter, Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donell, I. ramosissima (Poir.) Choisy, I. tiliacea (Willd.) Choisy, I. triloba L., and I. cynanchifolia Meisn. The status of the ex situ and in situ conservation of each taxon was assessed using the gap analysis methodology, and the results were used to plan 16 germplasm collection expeditions. Seeds of the collected material were evaluated for viability, and the protocols for seed germination and cryopreservation were tested. The final conservation score, resulting from the gap analysis and including the average of the ex situ and in situ scores, resulted in a classification of medium priority of conservation for all the species, with the exception of I. grandifolia (high priority). The total accessions collected (174) almost doubled the total accessions of these crop wild relatives incorporated in Embrapa’s ex situ conservation system prior to 2015. In addition, accessions for practically absent species were collected for the ex situ conservation system, such as Ipomoea species, Eleusine indica, and Solanum chacoense. The methods used for dormancy breaking and low temperature conservation for the Oryza, Eleusine, and Ipomoea species were promising for the incorporation of accessions in the respective gene banks. The results show the importance of efforts to collect and conserve ex situ crop wild relatives in Brazil based on previous gap analysis. The complementarity with the in situ strategy also appears to be very promising in the country.

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