Atlantoaxial Fixation Techniques

The authors present a novel technique of atlantoaxial fixation using multiaxial C-1 posterior arch screws. The technique involves the insertion of bilateral multiaxial C-1 posterior arch screws, which are connected by crosslinked rods to bilateral multiaxial C-2 pars screws. The clinical results are presented in 3 patients in whom anomalies of the vertebral arteries, C-1 lateral masses, and/or posterior arch of C-1 presented difficulty using existing fixation techniques with transarticular screws, C-1 lateral mass screws, or posterior wiring. The C-1 posterior arch screws achieved solid fixation and their insertion appeared to be technically less demanding than that of transarticular or C-1 lateral mass screws. This technique may reduce the risk of complications compared with existing techniques, especially in patients with anatomical variants of the vertebral artery, C-1 lateral masses, or C-1 posterior arch. This technique may prove to be an attractive fixation option in patients with normal anatomy.

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Subaxial Sagittal Alignment After Atlantoaxial Fixation Techniques

Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques ◽

10.1097/bsd.0000000000000144 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. E49-E55 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Shigeki Oshima ◽

Hideki Sudo ◽

Manabu Ito ◽

Kuniyoshi Abumi

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Alignment ◽

Fixation Techniques ◽

Atlantoaxial Fixation

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Biomechanical Testing of Posterior Atlantoaxial Fixation Techniques

Spine ◽

10.1097/00007632-200211150-00004 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 27 (22) ◽

pp. 2435-2440 ◽

Cited By ~ 184

Author(s):

Robert P. Melcher ◽

Christian M. Puttlitz ◽

Frank S. Kleinstueck ◽

Jeffrey C. Lotz ◽

Juergen Harms ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomechanical Testing ◽

Fixation Techniques ◽

Atlantoaxial Fixation

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Biomechanical Evaluation of Four Different Posterior Atlantoaxial Fixation Techniques

Spine ◽

10.1097/00007632-199205000-00003 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 480-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 296

Author(s):

Dieter Grob ◽

Joseph J. Crisco ◽

Manohar M. Panjabi ◽

Ping Wang ◽

Jiri Dvorak

Keyword(s):

Fixation Techniques ◽

Atlantoaxial Fixation ◽

Biomechanical Evaluation

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C2 Translaminar Screw Fixation (Wright`s Technique) Applicability in Atlantoaxial Instability

JBNC - JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE NEUROCIRURGIA ◽

10.22290/jbnc.v23i2.1163 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 152-156

Author(s):

Lucas Alves Aurich ◽

Jerônimo Buzetti Milano ◽

Erasmo Barros Da Silva Júnior ◽

Ricardo Ramina

Keyword(s):

Screw Fixation ◽

Atlantoaxial Instability ◽

Rigid Fixation ◽

Fixation Technique ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Risks And Benefits ◽

Translaminar Screw Fixation ◽

Translaminar Screw ◽

Fixation Techniques ◽

Atlantoaxial Fixation

Atlantoaxial instability often requires surgical treatment. Several techniques are available to perform antlantoaxial stabilization, and all of these have their different advantages and disadvantages. In 2004, Wright described the C2translaminar screw fixation, which offers rigid fixation but without the technical demands of C2 pars placement and eliminates the risk of vertebral artery injury. The aim of this study is to review the C2 translaminar screw fixation technique, emphasizing operative details, risks and benefits comparing with the others atlantoaxial fixation techniques.

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Structural aspects of tracheary element differentiation in suspension cultures of Zinnia elegans

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100155815 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 768-769

Author(s):

C. H. Haigler ◽

A. W. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Tracheary Element ◽

Vesicle Fusion ◽

Zinnia Elegans ◽

Cellulose Synthesis ◽

Tracheary Elements ◽

Animal Cells ◽

Mesophyll Cells ◽

Fixation Techniques ◽

Localized Patterns ◽

Structural Aspects

Tracheary elements, the water-conducting cells in plants, are characterized by their reinforced walls that became thickened in localized patterns during differentiation (Fig. 1). The synthesis of this localized wall involves abundant secretion of Golgi vesicles that export preformed matrix polysaccharides and putative proteins involved in cellulose synthesis. Since the cells are not growing, some kind of endocytotic process must also occur. Many researchers have commented on where exocytosis occurs in relation to the thickenings (for example, see), but they based their interpretations on chemical fixation techniques that are not likely to provide reliable information about rapid processes such as vesicle fusion. We have used rapid freezing to more accurately assess patterns of vesicle fusion in tracheary elements. We have also determined the localization of calcium, which is known to regulate vesicle fusion in plant and animal cells.Mesophyll cells were obtained from immature first leaves of Zinnia elegans var. Envy (Park Seed Co., Greenwood, S.C.) and cultured as described previously with the following exceptions: (a) concentration of benzylaminopurine in the culture medium was reduced to 0.2 mg/l and myoinositol was eliminated; and (b) 1.75ml cultures were incubated in 22 x 90mm shell vials with 112rpm rotary shaking. Cells that were actively involved in differentiation were harvested and frozen in solidifying Freon as described previously. Fractures occurred preferentially at the cell/planchet interface, which allowed us to find some excellently-preserved cells in the replicas. Other differentiating cells were incubated for 20-30 min in 10(μM CTC (Sigma), an antibiotic that fluoresces in the presence of membrane-sequestered calcium. They were observed in an Olympus BH-2 microscope equipped for epi-fluorescence (violet filter package and additional Zeiss KP560 barrier filter to block chlorophyll autofluorescence).

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Open reduction of pediatric lateral condyle fractures: a systematic review

Shoulder & Elbow ◽

10.1177/17585732211010299 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 175857322110102

Author(s):

Michael D Eckhoff ◽

Josh C Tadlock ◽

Tyler C Nicholson ◽

Matthew E Wells ◽

EStephan J Garcia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Internal Fixation ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Lateral Condyle ◽

Elbow Fracture ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Fixation Techniques ◽

K Wires ◽

Pediatric Elbow Fracture ◽

The Cost

Introduction Lateral condyle fractures are the second most common pediatric elbow fracture. There exist multiple options for internal fixation including buried K-wires, unburied K-wires, and screw fixation. Our study aims to review the current literature and determine if fixation strategy affects outcomes to include fracture union, postoperative range of motion, and need subsequent surgery. Methods A systematic review of Pubmed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases was performed. Included articles involve pediatric patients with displaced lateral condyle fractures treated with internal fixation that reported outcomes to include union rates and complications. Results Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria for a total of 1299 patients (472 buried K-wires, 717 unburied K-wires, and 110 screws). The patients’ average age was 5.8 ± 0.6 years, male (64%), and had 16.3 months of follow-up. No differences in union and infection rates were found. Unburied K-wires had the shortest time to union and the greatest elbow range of motion postoperatively. Conclusions Our systematic review demonstrates similar outcomes with union and infection rates between all fixation techniques. Unburied K-wires demonstrated a shorter time to union and the greatest postoperative range of motion. Additionally, unburied K-wires may be removed in clinic, decreasing the cost on the healthcare system. Evidence Level 3.

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