Lobbying of Private Business Associations in Local China: Targets, Strategies, and Influence

This article delves into the origins of the first national multi-sector employers' associations in Denmark and the United Kingdom to understand why some countries produce highly-centralized, unitary national business associations, which develop labor market coordination with unions and the state. In contrast, other countries conclude their experiment with coordination by ultimately falling back on laissez-faire liberalism. In particular, I explore how the structure of party competition works to augment or to diminish coordination among employers. I argue that the interplay of party politics in the policy-making process influenced the incentives of opposing parties to block the legislation sought by employers, informed the incentives of the business-oriented right parties to delegate policy-making authority to private business and labor organizations, and shaped the capacities of employers to get what they wanted from the state.

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Russia in 2000-2004: Heading towards State Capitalism?

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2004-4-42-65 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 42-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. Radygin

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Private Business ◽

Private Companies ◽

State Capitalism ◽

The Government

The paper deals with one of the characteristic trends of the 2000s, that is, the government's property expansion. It is accompanied by attempts to consolidate economic structures controlled by the state and state-owned stock packages and unitary enterprises under the aegis of holdings. Besides the government practices selective severe enforcement actions against a number of the largest private companies, strengthens its control over companies with mixed capital and establishes certain informal procedures of relationships between private business and the state. The author examines the YUKOS case and the business community's actual capacity to protect its interests. One can argue that in all likelihood the trend to the 'state capitalism' in its specific Russian variant has become clearer over 2003-2004.

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What kind of Russian firms get state support? The analysis of changes in priorities under crisis conditions

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-3-47-62 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 47-62

Author(s):

Andrei A. Yakovlev ◽

Nina V. Ershova ◽

Olga M. Uvarova

Keyword(s):

Social Development ◽

Organizational Support ◽

Manufacturing Firms ◽

Business Associations ◽

State Support ◽

Support Provision ◽

Manufacturing Enterprises ◽

State Participation ◽

Crisis Conditions ◽

Different Levels

The paper analyzes the shifts in government priorities in terms of support of big and medium manufacturing enterprises amid 2008—2009 and 2014—2015 crises. Based on the data of 2009, 2014 and 2018 surveys of Russian manufacturing firms, using logit regressions we identify factors that affect the receipt of financial and organizational support at different levels of government. The analysis shows that in 2012—2013 the share of manufacturing firms that received state support shrank significantly as compared to 2007—2008; moreover, the support concentrated on enterprises that had access to lobbying resource (such as state participation in the ownership or business associations membership). In 2016—2017 the scale of state support coverage recovered. However, the support at all levels of government was provided to firms that carried out investment and provided assistance to regional or local authorities in social development of the region, while the factor of state participation in the ownership became insignificant. The paper provides possible explanation for these shifts in the criteria of state support provision in Russia.

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