Strategi Pengembangan Potensi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah Kerajinan Tangan Kiso “Jago Abadi” Di Desa Kemiri, Kabupaten Banyumas

Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are an inseparable part of the national business world. The existence of MSMEs is something that is quite vital in improving the economy of the Indonesian people in various regions. This study aims to analyze the development strategy of the Kiso "Jago Abadi" handicraft SMEs in Kemiri Village, Banyumas Regency. This study uses qualitative research methods that involve researchers in their research subjects, then participatively identify problems and design empowerment models for development in the form of work programs that can be done. The strategy applied is to design the programs needed for MSMEs as capital for strengthening and knowledge for MSME actors who are involved in it. The way that can be applied is to continue to develop the uniqueness of handicraft products, expand market reach, always maintain and improve product quality, and consistently promote and maintain the production of Kiso "Jago Abadi" handicrafts. The results of this study are the finding of more optimal and efficient results in the production and marketing process of Kiso "Jago Abadi" handicrafts. The strategy for developing the potential of micro, small, and medium-sized handicrafts Kiso "Jago Abadi" in Kemiri village, Banyumas district can achieve maximum results. The results of this study are the finding of more optimal and efficient results in the production and marketing process of Kiso "Jago Abadi" handicrafts. The strategy for developing the potential of micro, small, and medium-sized handicrafts Kiso "Jago Abadi" in Kemiri village, Banyumas district can achieve maximum results. The results of this study are the finding of more optimal and efficient results in the production and marketing process of Kiso "Jago Abadi" handicrafts. The strategy for developing the potential of micro, small, and medium-sized handicrafts Kiso "Jago Abadi" in Kemiri village, Banyumas district can achieve maximum results.

Assessing the validity and reliability of standard examination as a yardstick for admission exercise in higher institutions of learning in Yobe State, Nigeria

The purpose of the study was to examine the academic performance of students admitted for the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) program in colleges of education using Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (JAMB) West African Examinations Council ,( WAEC), National Examinations Council (NECO), and National Business and Technical Examinations Board (NABTEB) as the bases for direct entry admission exercise and compare with the academic performance of students admitted through college remedial exercise in order to ascertain the validity, reliability and usability of a standardized examination, if it is worthy of recommendation for placement evaluation in colleges of education and university system. Four different departments were selected at random, academic status of 284 students from the four departments were extracted and used for the study 116 students from first group being direct entry students and 168 students from the second group being Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) candidates. The mean Cummulative Grand Point Avarage (CGPA) of two groups were compared from the four departments, the results revealed that mean CGPA of the direct entry students falls between 2.0 and 2.5 in all the departments from NCE I to NCE III while that of the pre Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) students were between 2.45 and 3.0 at all levels for the four departments. This implies that students admitted through direct entry scores can be classified as third Class students (Merit) while those admitted through Pre- Nigeria Certificate in Education (pre- NCE) screening can be classified as Second Class Lower Division (Credit) students. The results reveal that standard test is not 100% worthy of consideration as the only criteria for admission into higher institutions of learning as it does not give us the best candidates for admission at most times.

From Informal Sideline to National Business in Tunisia

Mohammed Yahya is an entrepreneur engaged in the production and sale of essential oils. Getting his enterprise established was not easy. However, things improved when he started receiving support from Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) programme partner the Local Initiative and Development Forum (FIDEL). FIDEL was instrumental in facilitating business grants and business development support. With this more focused approach, Mohammed managed to register his business, participated in national fairs, and opened new market segments. He successfully graduated from the informal labour market to the self-employed category. The training he received from FIDEL helped him to increase the sale of his products. In the future, he hopes to explore the international market and reduce his imports of raw materials by growing ingredients locally.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

The article is devoted to the formulation of prospects for the development of social responsibility of enterprises in modern conditions; rethinking its essence through the inclusion of the uncertainty factor in the theory of sustainable development (basic for social responsibility); substantiation of directions of cooperation between supranational, state bodies, enterprises and academic science in the direction of increase of the efficiency of realization of projects on social responsibility in international and national business; formation of fundamental principles for the creation of uniform standards of social responsibility of international business in the form of methodological recommendations using the coefficient method. The article considers the main approaches to understanding the essence of corporate governance in the field of social responsibility, prerequisites that form the understanding of social responsibility in modern business, among which are: business ethics, ethical behavior, interaction with stakeholders, activities for society, achieving sustainable development. A list of subjective and objective problems that arise today in the implementation of social responsibility projects in international business, namely: individualized understanding of the essence of social responsibility; lack of systematicity and comprehensiveness; lack of consideration of the uncertainty factor when planning social responsibility projects and assessing its significance for the main activity; lack of supranational standards of social responsibility; inviolability of the concept of sustainable development, imperfect regulatory framework, financial capabilities of companies, is offered. Prospects for improving the system of relations in the field of social responsibility at global level and business level are proposed. A method of calculating the coefficient of social responsibility, which includes three main components: the mandatory group of factors, the sectoral part, the variable part, is proposed.

Institutional drivers for corporate social responsibility in the utilities sector

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the influence of characteristics of the institutional environment on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR).Design/methodology/approachThis is a quantitative and descriptive research. The dependent variables used were environmental dimension (ED) and social dimension (SD) that together compose the corporate social performance (CSP). The independent variables that will be used are the characteristics of the institutional environments of Brazil and the UK. Thus, for this end, variables of the national business system of both countries will be used: corruption transparency, access to credit by countries, quality of the education system and labor relations. After their collection, the data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics and hierarchical regression.FindingsData show that UK companies make more disclosure in CSR than Brazilian companies. Through linear regression, it can be seen that the institutional environment affects disclosure in CSR. In the UK, a country with better educational, labor, political and financial indicators than Brazil, it presented better CSR practices. The findings reveal that the better an institutional environment, the more firms act in CSR. The findings of the research confirm the premise of institutional theory: different institutional fields can modify business performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study analyzed only the disclosure practices of companies in the public sector. Thus, the results should be carefully analyzed, without generalizations for all industry sectors. Therefore, it is suggested that future research looks at other industry sectors as well as other institutional contexts, i.e. other countries.Practical implicationsMultinational companies may have different CSR practices according to the institutional environment in which they operate. For example, companies in developed countries, such as the UK, have greater stakeholder pressure. Given this, managers must adapt their environmental strategies according to the institutional environment in which they operate.Originality/valueThis research contributes to CSR studies in various institutional contexts. There is a consensus in the literature that institutional environments affect firms' CSR practices. However, few empirical studies show results between the national business system and CSR. Thus, the present study intends to fill this research gap.

Leveraging CSR for Sustainability: Assessing Performance Implications of Sustainability Reporting in a National Business System

In the light of Agenda 2030 awareness of sustainability is steadily growing all over the world. Devastating phenomena like pandemics (Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDGs—Agenda 2030)), poverty (Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDGs—Agenda 2030)) as well as climate change (Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDGs—Agenda 2030)) threaten humanity, calling for more sustainable solutions. Although economic growth (Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDGs—Agenda 2030)) is one of the principal goals for a sustainable future, little research has been devoted to the interface of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability and their contribution to the financial sector, in view of sustainable banking. Even fewer are the studies concerning sustainable banking in Greece. This paper attempts a comparative overview of sustainability integration into businesses, focusing on the banking industry. The current theoretical analysis initially provides an extended review of the CSR and sustainability concepts, which is followed by a comprehensive analysis of non-financial disclosures (NFDs) and their business value, providing some evidence from Greece. The following sections refer to the performance implications and sustainability integration in the banking industry. Eventually, sustainable banking seems to enhance banking performance in a national business system. This is a very important deduction for sustainability to be both the cause and effect of corporate banking. Along with the discussion, some avenues for future research are highlighted.

Crisis, rigidity and nonliberal governance in Japan: the cases of Mitsubishi Motors and Kanebo

PurposeThe authors examine the nature of institutional rigidity and governance problems contributing to crisis and under-performance of large corporations in Japan during a period of environmental turbulence for corporate Japan.Design/methodology/approachThrough explorative case studies of Mitsubishi Motors and Kanebo over a 10-year period from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s the authors see how informal norms deeply embedded in the Japanese business system prevented the adoption of more liberal forms of governance that may have helped to overcome crisis.FindingsDespite fundamental differences in formal organization between the two cases, there were similar underlying problems in terms of (1) mechanisms for capital investment that would underpin strategic resilience and rejuvenation and (2) management decision-making and strategic control during crisis.Research limitations/implicationsThe cases show how normative institutions rather than formal regulative institutions matter to strategic continuity in national business systems that are put under pressure.Originality/valueThe authors link informal norms of governance intrinsic to a country to the issues of strategic resilience and responses during crisis and warn against the retrenching to traditional governance approaches where there has been criticism of alternative governance approaches.

The euBusinessGraph ontology: A lightweight ontology for harmonizing basic company information

Company data, ranging from basic company information such as company name(s) and incorporation date to complex balance sheets and personal data about directors and shareholders, are the foundation that many data value chains depend upon in various sectors (e.g., business information, marketing and sales, etc.). Company data becomes a valuable asset when data is collected and integrated from a variety of sources, both authoritative (e.g., national business registers) and non-authoritative (e.g., company websites). Company data integration is however a difficult task primarily due to the heterogeneity and complexity of company data, and the lack of generally agreed upon semantic descriptions of the concepts in this domain. In this article, we introduce the euBusinessGraph ontology as a lightweight mechanism for harmonising company data for the purpose of aggregating, linking, provisioning and analysing basic company data. The article provides an overview of the related work, ontology scope, ontology development process, explanations of core concepts and relationships, and the implementation of the ontology. Furthermore, we present scenarios where the ontology was used, among others, for publishing company data (business knowledge graph) and for comparing data from various company data providers. The euBusinessGraph ontology serves as an asset not only for enabling various tasks related to company data but also on which various extensions can be built upon.

EXPRESS: Inter-Organizational Paradox Management: How National Business Systems Affect Responses to Paradox Along a Global Value Chain

This study discusses the relationship between inter-organizational paradox management, national business systems, and global value chains. Using case study evidence from a global value chain in the footwear industry (in Germany and China), we analyze how different businesses in the chain responded to the paradoxical tension arising from the competing demands to provide a living wage to workers and to uphold financial performance. Our findings highlight organizational responses to this paradox along the value chain, showing how these responses were shaped by the interplay of different types of pressures exerted by national business systems and the value chain itself. While these pressures were aligned in the German part of the chain, they were not aligned on the Chinese side. The study makes two contributions: (1) we develop a taxonomy outlining how the alignment of different types of pressures influences whether organizations choose either proactive or defensive paradox management; and (2) we argue that theorizing the impacts of cross-national distance on paradox management can be enhanced by adopting a multidimensional approach to institutional variety that extends beyond culture-based arguments.