Cataract in Retinal Pathology and Miscellaneous Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Chirakshi Dhull ◽  
Sagnik Sen ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar Khokhar
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pathology

Inner Retinal Morphology and Visual Outcomes in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane Surgery: A Retrospective Optical Coherence Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 247412642198961
Author(s):  
Ioannis S. Dimopoulos ◽  
Michael Dollin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Retinal Pathology

Purpose: Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a common retinal finding for patients older than 50 years. Disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) has emerged as a novel predictor of poor visual acuity (VA) in eyes with inner retinal pathology. The aim of our study is to correlate preoperative DRIL with visual outcomes after ERM surgery. Methods: Medical records and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of 81 pseudophakic patients who underwent treatment of idiopathic ERM were reviewed. Preoperative DRIL on OCT was correlated with VA at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after ERM surgery. DRIL was defined as the loss of distinction between the ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer complex, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer. DRIL severity was based on its extent within the central 2-mm region of a transfoveal B-scan (absent/mild: <one-third, severe: >one-third horizontal width). Results: Review of preoperative OCT showed severe DRIL in 41% and absent/mild DRIL in 59%. Severe DRIL was associated with worse baseline VA ( P < .001). Preoperative VA and DRIL status at baseline were both predictors of postoperative VA at follow-up time points ( P < .001). Severe DRIL was associated with significantly less improvement in VA at 6 months (–0.23 logMAR for absent/mild vs –0.14 for severe DRIL). Conclusions: Presence of severe preoperative DRIL correlates with worse baseline VA in patients with ERM and reduced VA improvement at 6 months. DRIL can be a strong predictor of long-term poor visual outcomes in ERM surgery.

scholarly journals P009 Service evaluation to optimise ophthalmological services for hydroxychloroquine retinal screening

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Ning Lee ◽  
Mrinalini Dey ◽  
Mooikhin Hng ◽  
Simon Peterson ◽  
Imna Rahiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Retinal Screening ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract Background/Aims  Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a frequently-used therapy in rheumatology, can be associated with retinal toxicity. More stringent screening and monitoring guidelines for HCQ-related retinopathy were published by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) in 2018. Recommendations include: 1) baseline retinal screening within six-twelve months of commencing HCQ; 2) subsequent annual monitoring for at-risk patients, specifically: concurrent tamoxifen-use, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60ml/min/1.73m2, HCQ dose &gt;5mg/kg/day; 3) annual monitoring for all other patients after five years continuous treatment; 4) patient education on HCQ retinopathy. We quantified the rheumatology HCQ exposure and estimated burden on ophthalmology, to inform the development of HCQ retinal screening services. Methods  Cross-sectional data were extracted for patients established on HCQ between 1995-2020 including: weight; eGFR; concomitant retino-toxic medication; concomitant retinal pathology; HCQ dose and duration; documentation of patient education on retinal side-effects. Documentation of relevant ophthalmic testing at baseline (i.e. at time of starting HCQ) were recorded, specifically colour fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and 10-2 Humphrey visual field (HVF) testing as necessary. Subsequent monitoring with 10-2 HVFs, SD-OCT, autofluorescence (AF) and electrodiagnostic tests (EDTs) as appropriate annually from baseline and from 5 years was recorded. Results  150 patients were included, 84% female, with a mean baseline age of 50.7 years (SD 14.8) and mean weight of 76.4kg (SD 17.6). 63% were on HCQ &gt;5 years (mean duration 7.0 years, SD 5.1). At time of auditing, 50% (75/150) patients had permanently ceased HCQ (62% due to treatment &gt;5 years). 60% patients had documented evidence of education regarding HCQ retinopathy. Of the 150 patients, 39% had baseline risks for retinopathy. 6% had a baseline eGFR &lt;60ml/min/1.73m2. 32% were commenced on HCQ dose greater than 5mg/kg/day. No patients were on concomitant tamoxifen; one patient was on a known retino-toxic drug (quinine). 4% of patients had pre-existing retinal pathology. Of the 75 patients still taking HCQ at time of auditing, 27 (36%) had baseline risk factors warranting yearly retinal screening and 44 (58%) had been on treatment &gt;5years. Most ophthalmology reviews were put on hold until a screening service was established. Of the small number (5.3%) that had baseline ophthalmic screening, 12.5% had colour photography and 75% had SD-OCT. No patients required HVF testing or EDTs. Annual screening revealed 50% of patients had 10-2 HVFs; 75% had SD-OCT; 75% had AF. Only one patient developed maculopathy, not attributed to HCQ. Conclusion  Our results demonstrate the need for service development to facilitate adherence to RCOphth guidance. Up to 40% of patients started on HCQ have baseline risks for retinopathy, most due to dosing &gt;5mg/kg/day warranting yearly screening. Our findings will inform development of a rheumatology HCQ retinal screening pathway and services, to ensure safe long-term use of HCQ. Disclosure  C. Lee*: None. M. Dey*: None. M. Hng: None. S. Peterson: None. I. Rahiman: None. M. Elshafei: None. C. Estrach: None. N.J. Goodson: None.

scholarly journals Fractal Dimension and Retinal Pathology: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2376
Author(s):  
Sam Yu ◽  
Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Retinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Meta Analyses

Due to the fractal nature of retinal blood vessels, the retinal fractal dimension is a natural parameter for researchers to explore and has garnered interest as a potential diagnostic tool. This review aims to summarize the current scientific evidence regarding the relationship between fractal dimension and retinal pathology and thus assess the clinical value of retinal fractal dimension. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search for research articles was conducted in several internet databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus). This led to a result of 28 studies included in the final review, which were analyzed via meta-analysis to determine whether the fractal dimension changes significantly in retinal disease versus normal individuals. From the meta-analysis, summary effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were derived for each disease category. The results for diabetic retinopathy and myopia suggest decreased retinal fractal dimension for those pathologies with the association for other diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glaucoma remaining uncertain. Due to heterogeneity in imaging/fractal analysis setups used between studies, it is recommended that standardized retinal fractal analysis procedures be implemented in order to facilitate future meta-analyses.

scholarly journals Choroidal Mast Cells in Retinal Pathology

2015 ◽  
Vol 185 (8) ◽  
pp. 2083-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Bousquet ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Brigitte Thillaye-Goldenberg ◽  
Viera Lorena ◽  
Beatriz Castaneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Retinal Pathology

Aberrant Activity of TAK1 is Associated with Retinal Pathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dvashi Z ◽  
Rosner M
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pathology

Retinal pathology as biomarker for cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 917-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamran Ikram ◽  
Carol Y Cheung ◽  
Tien Y Wong ◽  
Christopher P L H Chen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Retinal Pathology
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