scholarly journals Valuing the Role of Mangroves in Storm Damage Reduction in Coastal Areas of Odisha

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Saudamini Das
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Storm Damage ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Damage Reduction ◽  
Coastal Resilience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mangrove Conservation

AbstractMangroves help in building coastal resilience as effective natural safeguards against cyclones. The state of Odisha is the most cyclone prone region in the east coast of India and was endowed with nearly 500 km2 of mangroves until 1940s, which has now been reduced, through destruction, to 227 km2. This chapter attempts to value the storm protection provided by these remaining mangroves during the 1999 super cyclone and examines whether it is economically efficient to conserve these mangroves. During this storm, the storm protection value of mangroves was estimated to be USD 68,586 per km width and USD 4335 per ha of mangroves to all households living in the impact zone of the forest. To examine the question of conservation, these onetime values were annualized and the annual storm protection value of a mangrove hectare was found to be more than two times higher than the land price of cleared forests and more than twenty times higher than the annual return from alternative land uses, justifying mangrove conservation as a socially and financially viable policy and an economically efficient decision to build resilience.

Effluent irrigation—an environmental challenge for soil science

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Effluent Irrigation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Environmental Challenge

With the growth of concern for the impact of humankind on the environment, soil scientists have increasingly shifted the emphasis of their work towards the effect of agricultural and other land management practices on the environment. This shift has required some changes to the way soil science is practised. The example of land application of wastes, an increasingly popular practice, is used to illustrate the role of soil science in the complex web of scientific, social, and economic aspects of environmental issues, and the need to influence community thinking and the policy debate. The issues often most likely to be limiting to effluent irrigation are excessive nitrate leaching, poor salt management, and the effects of increasing soil sodicity on current and future land uses. The scientific challenges that these pose are discussed, together with some broader issues including those associated with implementation of effluent irrigation, and socioeconomic and environmental considerations that should influence the decision to select effluent irrigation as the means for disposal or reuse.

scholarly journals PERANAN NELAYAN TERHADAP REHABILITASI EKOSISTEM HUTAN BAKAU (MANGROVE)

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otniel Pontoh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Ecosystem Rehabilitation ◽  
Mangrove Conservation

ABSTRACTMangrove forest ecosystem has an important role for the welfare of the fishermen, because the daily activities of fishing is always related to the mangrove ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to make an effort to restore degraded mangrove forest in order to return to their function for human welfare, especially fishermen, and support the development of coastal areas. The participation in rehabilitation and managing of mangrove ecosystem is the key to the success of mangrove conservation. The level of knowledge and the role of fishermen on the mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation will be discussed in this paper.ABSTRAKEkosistem hutan mangrove memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan nelayan, karena aktifitas sehari-hari nelayan selalu berhubungan langsung dengan ekosistem hutan bakau. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan berbagai upaya untuk memulihkan kembali hutan bakau yang rusak agar dapat kembali memberikan fungsinya bagi kesejahteraan manusia khususnya nelayan dan mendukung pembangunan wilayah pe-sisir. Keikutsertaan nelayan dalam upaya rehabilitasi dan pengelolaan bakau dapat menjadi kunci keberhasilan pelestarian bakau. Tingkat pengetahuan dan respon nelayan terhadap rahabilitasi ekosistim hutan mangrove akan didiskusikan dibawah ini.

Portuguese, Chikunda, and Peoples of the Gwembe Valley: the Impact of the ‘Lower Zambezi Complex’ on Southern Zambia

1981 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Trading Posts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Written Sources

The role of the ‘Lower Zambezi complex’ which developed out of Portuguese and African interaction is examined in the light of recent research in the Gwembe valley, an area of the Middle Zambezi on the far periphery of Portuguese penetration from the east coast. The origins of Lower Zambezi contacts with the peoples of southern Zambia are traced to the late seventeenth century and their development and expansion are examined, on the basis of oral tradition and written sources, through the reopening of Zumbo in 1862, the defeat of the Ndebele at the Kafue confluence around 1870 and the consequent establishment of permanent trading posts in the Gwembe, down to the late 1880s when the increasingly disruptive activities of the Chikunda and theirmuzunguleaders led to general and successful resistance against them in the form of an armed rising. The effects of the ‘Lower Zambezi complex’ are related to the development of political authority and the introduction of technical and cultural innovations in the Gwembe. Chikunda andmuzunguactivities are shown to have differed in their effects between the Gwembe and their much better-known and more destructive penetration of the Luangwa valley in the 1880s, partly because of the decentralized nature of Gwembe society.

scholarly journals QUANTIFYING BEACH AND DUNE RESILIENCE USING THE COASTAL RESILIENCE INDEX

2018 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Zhifei Dong ◽  
Nicole Elko ◽  
Quin Robertson ◽  
Julie Rosati
Keyword(s):  
Volume Density ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Storm Damage ◽  
Army Corps Of Engineers ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Damage Reduction ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Coastal Resilience ◽  
Run Up

US Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) projects have reduced coastal vulnerability and helped communities anticipate and mitigate toward improved resilience. This study proposes the Coastal Resilience Index (CRI) to quantify storm damage reduction benefits due to beach restoration projects in the context of resilience. The CRI considers metrics of the beach and dune system and disturbance factors such as storm surge and waves, using five non-dimensional factors: Protective Elevation (PE), Volume Density (VD), Protective Width (PW), Crest Freeboard (CF) and wave run-up (WR). The CRI is the summation of these five non-dimensional factors. This study developed a geographic information systems (GIS) based tool to automatically extract morphologic features from historic profiles and profiles extracted from LiDAR data to quantify beach resilience over time.

scholarly journals Membangun Masyarakat Peduli Lingkungan Pesisir Melalui Edukasi Kepada Masyarakat Kota Tanjungpinang Terkait Pelestarian Daerah Pesisir

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Elfa Oprasmani ◽  
Trisna Amelia ◽  
Erda Muhartati
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
The People ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakKota Tanjungpinang merupakan ibukota Provinsi Kepulauan Riau yang juga termasuk daerah pesisir. Sebagai Kota yang sedang berkembang, maka kepadatan penduduk di Kota Tanjungpinang terus meningkat secara signifikan. Dampak akibat padatnya jumlah penduduk yaitu alih fungsi lahan sebagai lahan permukiman, industri, sarana dan prasarana serta kegiatan lainnya. Salah satu alih fungsi lahan yang terjadi yaitu alih fungsi kawasan mangrove yang menyebabkan rusaknya ekosistem di daerah pesisir dan lautnya. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan kesadaran akan dampak rusaknya ekosistem mangrove di daerah pesisir serta kurangnya pemahaman terhadap upaya pelestarian ekosistem mangrove menyebabkan permasalahan tersebut terus terjadi. Pengabdian masyarakat yang diadakan oleh tim Pengabdian Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji (UMRAH) ditujukan kepada masyarakat Kota Tanjungpinang dengan metode pendidikan/edukasi kepada masyarakat Tanjungpinang untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang peran pentingekosistem mangrove bagi daerah pesisir, meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepedulianmasyarakat dalam melestarikan daerah pesisir serta mendorong masyarakat untuk ikut melakukan konservasi mangrove. Kegiatan pengabdian berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini terlihat dari keinginan masyarakat untuk ikut menandatangani janji pelestarian lingkungan.Kata Kunci: edukasi masyarakat, pelestarian, daerah pesisirAbstractTanjungpinang City is the capital of Riau Islands Province which is also a coastal area. As a developing city, the population density in Tanjungpinang City continues to increase significantly. The impact due to dense population is the conversion of land as residential land, industry, facilities and infrastructure as well as other activities. One of the functions of land conversion is the conversion of mangrove areas which causes damage to the ecosystem in the coastal and marine areas. Lack of knowledge and awareness of the impact of damage to mangrove ecosystems in coastal areas and a lack of understanding of efforts to conserve mangrove ecosystems causes these problems to continue to occur. Community service provided by the Raja Ali Haji Maritime University (UMRAH) community service team is aimed at the people of the city of Tanjungpinang with education methods to the Tanjungpinang community to provide knowledge about the important role of mangrove ecosystems in coastal areas, increase public awareness and concern in preserving coastal areas and encourage the community to participate in mangrove conservation. Community service activities went well. This can be seen from the desire of the community to join in signing environmental pledges.Key Word: community education, preservation, coastal area

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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