Ants as Indicators of Terrestrial Ecosystem Rehabilitation Processes

Habitat transformation is one of the main drivers of the ecosystem degradation on earth that is ameliorated by restoring some of the degraded ecosystems by regaining their natural ecological functions with all their biotic and abiotic components. The biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem under restoration can be used to assess the response of the ecosystem to the restoration. Ideal variable to use as the indicator should be able respond positively to the diminishing elements that we causing the degradation and interact positively to some of the biotic and abiotic components expected to prevail when the ecosystem is fully restored. One of such variable is ants. We here provide the information about the eligibility of using ants as indicators of terrestrial ecosystems undergoing restoration and sampling and basic analytical methods to apply when implanting ants at assessing ecosystem undergoing restoration.

Regeneration capacity and threats to mangrove areas on the southern coast of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines: Implications to mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation

Raganas AFM, Hadsall AS, Pampolina NM, Hotes S, Magcale-Macandog DB. 2020. Regeneration capacity and threats to mangrove areas on the southern coast of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines: Implications to mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation. Biodiversitas 21: 3625-3636. Regeneration capacity is important as it determines the fate of an ecosystem. This study assessed six mangrove areas in the southern coast of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines to evaluate their regeneration capacity status. Four mangrove ecotypes were delineated namely seaward, middle, landward and riverine zones at each mangrove ecosystem, where dominant mangrove species were identified and selected for regeneration capacity study. Three subplots measuring 1 x 1 m2 were laid within the five 10 x 10 m2 survey plots established per zone. The juveniles were counted and categorized according to their height classes, using linear regeneration sampling method; where: RCI (≤40 cm) considered seedlings; RCII (41-150 cm) as saplings; and RCIII (151-≤300 cm) as small trees. Potential threats both anthropogenic and natural were determined through key informant interviews. Seven dominant species were identified across ecotypes in all mangrove sites, namely Avicennia marina, Avicennia rumphiana, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Xylocarpus granatum. RCI (seedlings) is the most abundant across mangrove sites irrespective of the dominant species. Fishpond operation within the mangrove stand is considered a major threat to the juveniles and most mangrove ecosystems. Therefore, protection and constant monitoring of these mangrove ecosystems are necessary to ensure regeneration success in the future.

Analysis of Physical-Chemical Parameters for Mangrove Ecosystem Rehabilitation in Bungkutoko Island, Kendari City

In Southeast Sulawesi rehabilitation of mangrove areas that have been damaged but in reality not all mangrove rehabilitation activities were successful, this was allegedly caused by a mismatch in the type of mangrove and incompatibility of rehabilitation techniques used with environmental conditions or parameters of the local coastal environment. This study is aimed to analyze the condition of coastal environmental parameters in Bungkutoko island, district of Abeli in rehabilitation proposed of mangrove ecosystem and to find a proper rehabilitation strategy for it can be applied in that area. This study was carried on June to July 2009 in the coastal of Bungkutoko island, Abeli district, Kendari Town. Data in this study is analyzed as descriptively for giving common view of that area. The measurement results of several physical-chemical parameters on the coast of Bungkutoko island at stations I, II and III are suitable for mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation activities, which have a slope of the base: flat and sloping, particle size: small substrate, binding capacity of substrate particles: moderate to loose, confinement coastline: protected and semi protected and open, wave: relatively small, sea level deviation: moderate, tidal type: mixture tends to double daily, current speed: weak, sediment suspension: normal and salinity: 25-35 ppt. Also pay attention to the right planting time on the condition of mangrove tree is in having fruits and calm water condition of sea. And for planting technic is propaguls directly planted to the ground and using seeds on the polybags.

INNOVATION DIRECTIONS OF EFFECTIVE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES

The bodies of the Russian Federation’s state management, scientific society, agribusinessface the challenges of searching for new directions to provide effectivedevelopment of agro-industrial activities in the modern conditions of increasedcompetition. Severity of problems in development of the Russian agro-industry iscaused by the complex of climatic, historical, economic factors. The need forcreation and justification of conceptual alternatives based on forming innovativedirections for support of effective development causes application of both new andimproved management decisions technologies and updated basis criteria andparameters of their introduction with appropriate adoptive mechanisms onterritorial levels and in the industry. The objective of the paper is to justifyinnovative directions of provision effective agrarian activities. The analysis ofeconomic literature, regulatory basis shows the certain reserve with potential toincrease the efficiency of domestic agro-industrial production. Analysis of theRussian Federation’s agro-industrial complex condition allows assuming that themain hindrance factor in extended introduction of innovations is persistent nonsolvencyof agrarian enterprises and lack of required means at research institutionsto promote their developments. Implementation of innovative directions foreffective development of agro-industrial complex enables proving conceptualalternatives and forecasting result capacity of their use for aspects of ruraldevelopment, improving mechanism of reducing negative anthropogenic influenceon environment and ecosystem rehabilitation.