The early postnatal development of the primary immune response in TNP-KLH-stimulated popliteal lymph node in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. van Rees ◽  
C. D. Dijkstra ◽  
N. van Rooijen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Popliteal Lymph Node ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Early Postnatal Development

scholarly journals L1 Antibodies Block Lymph Node Fibroblastic Reticular Matrix Remodeling In Vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (12) ◽  
pp. 1953-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gino Di Sciullo ◽  
Tim Donahue ◽  
Melitta Schachner ◽  
Steven A. Bogen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Reticular System ◽  
Macrophage Accumulation

L1 is an immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecule highly expressed on neurons and involved in cell motility, neurite outgrowth, axon fasciculation, myelination, and synaptic plasticity. L1 is also expressed by nonneural cells, but its function outside of the nervous system has not been studied extensively. We find that administration of an L1 monoclonal antibody in vivo disrupts the normal remodeling of lymph node reticular matrix during an immune response. Ultrastructural examination reveals that reticular fibroblasts in mice treated with L1 monoclonal antibodies fail to spread and envelop collagen fibers with their cellular processes. The induced defect in the remodeling of the fibroblastic reticular system results in the loss of normal nodal architecture, collapsed cortical sinusoids, and macrophage accumulation in malformed sinuses. Surprisingly, such profound architectural abnormalities have no detectable effects on the primary immune response to protein antigens.

scholarly journals The flow of blood to lymph nodes and its relation to lymphocyte traffic and the immune response.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Hay ◽  
B B Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The blood flow to individual lymph nodes of sheep and rabbits has been determined with 85Sr-labeled microspheres. A popliteal node of the sheep received 0.014% of the cardiac output and a comparable node in the rabbit 0.011%. A sheep lymph node weighing 1 g received an average of 24 ml/h of blood. It was calculated that there was a highly selective removal of lymphocytes by the node and that an equivalent to one in every four lymphocytes that entered a normal lymph node migrated out of the blood, through the substance of the node, and into the efferent lymph. During the immune response to either allogeneic lymphocytes or tuberculin, the blood flow to sheep lymph nodes, even without considering the increase in node weight, increased an average of fourfold. During the primary immune response in the rabbit to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, the blood flow increased threefold. The increase in blood flow preceded the antigen-induced increase in lymphocyte traffic recorded in the efferent lymph. The early phase of increased blood flow was considered to be due to hyperemia, whereas the latter phase had a significant angiogenesis component. It was calculated that an equivalent to 60% of the entire mobilizable pool of lymphocytes could pass through an average lymph node in the blood during an immune response lasting 5 days.

scholarly journals BLOOD MICROCIRCULATION IN THE LYMPH NODE DURING THE PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE

1972 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Herman ◽  
Itaru Yamamoto ◽  
Harry Z. Mellins
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Endothelial Lining ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Blood Microcirculation ◽  
Cellular Change ◽  
Vascular Structures

Microangiography performed after total blood replacement with contrast material provided complete visualization of the vascular structures of the lymph node. Starting of the 2nd day, there is capillary redistribution throughout the cortex of the lymph node. The previously rather avascular nodules dissolve, and the cortical lymphoid tissue becomes uniformly vascular. Beginning on the 2nd day and reaching its peak on the 5th day, there is a significant increase in diameter and density of the subcapsular and medullary cord capillaries. 15 days after the antigenic stimulus, the appearance of the microvasculature returns to normal. The postcapillary venules (the microvascular structures which follow the capillaries) are widely distributed throughout. Histologically, only a fraction of these venules have a high endothelial lining (HE venules). Therefore, it is suggested that among the postcapillary venules, those with high endothelial lining should be specifically denoted. Great individual variation in the number of HE venules was observed, and no correlation with the timing of the immune response could be established. Whether the microvascular changes described lead to cellular change or are mere expressions of it cannot definitely be stated. However, the significant hypervascularity along the intranodal lymph pathways and the diffuse, even redistribution of the capillaries and postcapillary structures could greatly facilitate the humoral and cellular exchange between the circulating blood, the circulating lymph, and the tissues of the lymph node.

Blood Microcirculation in the Lymph Node during the Primary Immune Response

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Herman ◽  
Itaru Yamamoto ◽  
Harry Z. Mellins
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Blood Microcirculation

scholarly journals B Lymphocytes Regulate Dendritic Cell (Dc) Function in Vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Moulin ◽  
Fabienne Andris ◽  
Kris Thielemans ◽  
Charlie Maliszewski ◽  
Jacques Urbain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Helper Cell Type ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Increasing evidence indicates that dendritic cells (DCs) are the antigen-presenting cells of the primary immune response. However, several reports suggest that B lymphocytes could be required for optimal T cell sensitization. We compared the immune responses of wild-type and B cell-deficient (μMT) mice, induced by antigen emulsified in adjuvant or pulsed on splenic dendritic cells. Our data show that lymph node cells from both control and μMT animals were primed, but each released distinct cytokine profiles. Lymph node T cells from control animals secreted interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-4, whereas those from μMT mice produced IFN-γ and IL-2 but no IL-4. To test whether B cells may influence the T helper cell type 1 (Th1)/Th2 balance by affecting the function of DCs, we immunized mice by transferring antigen-pulsed DCs from wild-type or mutant mice. Injection of control DCs induced the secretion of IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-2, whereas administration of DCs from μMT animals failed to sensitize cells to produce IL-4. Analysis of IL-12 production revealed that DCs from μMT mice produce higher levels of IL-12p70 than do DCs from wild-type animals. These data suggest that B lymphocytes regulate the capacity of DCs to promote IL-4 secretion, possibly by downregulating their secretion of IL-12, thereby favoring the induction of a nonpolarized immune response.

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