Combining-ability for cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) yield components under southern Bahia conditions

1995 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. S. Dias ◽  
P. Y. Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) Leaf Litter Application Rates on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Performance in the Tropics

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) leaf litter application rates on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) performance in the tropics was studied for 24 months (January, 2017 – December, 2018) at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) Ibeku Sub-Station, Umuahia, Nigeria. Three 3 x 3 factorial experiments, each in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates/blocks were used to study the responses of cowpea to three NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer rates 0 kg, 500 kg and 1000 kg ha-1 represented by (Factor F) F0, F1 and F2, respectively, and cocoa leaf litter rates 0 t, 10 t and 20 t ha-1 which were also represented by Lo, L1 and L2 (Factor L), respectively. The results obtained from the study show that the application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter alone or complementary application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter plus 500 or 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer significantly increased the various cowpea growth and yield components than the fertilizer rates alone. The treatment without fertilizer and leaf litter, i.e. topsoil only (F0L0) gave significantly the least cowpea growth and yield components. The highest values were obtained with the application of 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer with 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter (F2L2). The cowpea crop performance in terms of growth, yield and yield components over the study periods, 2017 and 2018 were statistically similar. Therefore, the inclusion of leaf litter has greater potential for improving cowpea yield than when fertilizer was used alone. Leaves are potential sources of valuable nutrients providing a high quality of organic matter, which should be returned to the soil.

scholarly journals QTL mapping and identification of SNP-haplotypes affecting yield components of Theobroma cacao L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciel dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Fábio M. Correa ◽  
Keith T. Ingram ◽  
Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida ◽  
Stefan Royaert
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) Leaf Litter Application Rates on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Performance in the Tropics

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
Onwuchekwa Ojimgba
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Influence of inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) leaf litter application rates on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) performance in the tropics was studied for 24 months (January, 2017 – December, 2018) at Cocoa Research Institute of  Nigeria (CRIN) Ibeku Sub-Station, Umuahia, Nigeria. Three 3 x 3 factorial experiments, each in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates/blocks were used to study the responses of cowpea to three NPK  15:15:15 fertilizer rates 0 kg, 500 kg and 1000 kg ha-1 represented by (Factor F) F0, F1 and F2, respectively, and cocoa leaf litter rates 0 t, 10 t and 20 t  ha-1   which were also  represented by Lo, L1 and L2  (Factor L), respectively. The results obtained from the study show that the application of either 10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter alone or complementary application of either  10 or 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter plus 500 or 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer  significantly increased the various cowpea growth and yield components than the fertilizer rates alone. The treatment without fertilizer and leaf litter, i.e. topsoil only (F0L0) gave significantly the least cowpea growth and yield components. The highest values were obtained with the application of 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer with 20 t ha-1 cocoa leaf litter (F2L2). The cowpea crop performance in terms of growth, yield and yield components over the study periods, 2017 and 2018 were statistically similar. Therefore, the inclusion of leaf litter has greater potential for improving cowpea yield than when fertilizer was used alone.  Leaves are potential sources of valuable nutrients providing a high quality of organic matter, which should be returned to the soil.  

scholarly journals PENDUGAAN DAYA GABUNG DAN HETEROSIS KETAHANAN TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK BUAH (Phytophthora palmivora)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
RUBIYO RUBIYO ◽  
TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS ◽  
SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Black Pod Disease ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Klon kakao unggul berdaya hasil dan bermutu hasil tinggi sertaresisten terhadap penyakit utama perlu dikembangkan melalui pemuliaantanaman dan tersedianya informasi tentang parameter genetik diharapkandapat membantu memecahkan masalah tersebut. Pendugaan parametergenetik dapat dilakukan dengan analisis persilang dialel. Penelitianbertujuan untuk menduga parameter genetik ketahanan tanaman kakaoterhadap infeksi P. palmivora, menggunakan analisis persilangan setengahdialel. Bahan tanaman terdiri atas lima klon kakao (ICCRI 3, TSH 858,DR 1, ICS 13 dan Sca 6) yang tergolong rentan hingga tahan terhadapinfeksi P. palmivora yang digunakan sebagai tetua dan 10 galur hibrida F1hasil persilangan antar lima klon. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KebunPercobaan Kaliwining Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia,Jember, Jawa Timur dari tahun 2008 hingga 2009. Untuk setiap kombinasipersilangan dievaluasi 20 bibit dan diulang tiga kali. Untuk mengetahuirespon bibit hibrida F1 terhadap infeksi P. palmivora, daunnya diinokulasidengan inokulum zoospora dan disungkup dengan plastik untuk menjagakelembapannya (&gt;90%). Pengamatan luas bercak akibat infeksi P.palmivora dilakukan enam hari setelah inokulasi dan digunakan untukmenghitung intensitas penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwakakao klon DR 1, ICS 13, dan ICCRI 3 mempunyai DGU yang palingtinggi dibandingkan dengan tetua lainnya. Selanjutnya, persilangan antarklon kakao DR 1 x ICS 13, dan TSH 858 x Sca 6 mempunyai DGKtertinggi sehingga kombinasi persilangan ini berpeluang untuk menjadipenghasil hibrida baru yang resisten terhadap P. palmivora. Kombinasipersilangan yang menunjukkan nilai heterosis tertinggi adalah DR1 x ICS13, DR1 x Sca 6, dan ICS 13 x Sca 6.</p><p>Kata kunci: Heterosis, hibrida F1, DGU, DGK, intensitas penyakit</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Estimation of Heterosis and Combining Ability forResistance Against Black Pod Disease (Phytophthorapalmivora) in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)</p><p>High yielding and disease resistance of cacao clone needs to bedeveloped through breeding program. Availability of genetic parametersfor various agronomic importance characters in cacao would be veryuseful and beneficial for cacao breeding activities. Estimation of variousgenetic parameters could be done by analyzing F1 arrays generated fromsemi-diallele crosses among a number of parents. The objectives of thisresearch were to estimate genetic parameters for resistance against P.palmivora infection in cacao using F1 arrays generated from semi-diallelecrosses among five cacao clones. Five cacao clones (DR 1, TSH 858, ICS13, ICCRI 3, and Sca 6), representing an arrays of clones with increasedresistance against P. palmivora infection, were used as parents to generate10 F1 hybrid arrays. This research was conducted at KaliwiningExperimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cacao Research Institute,Jember, Indonesia, during the period of 2008 to 2009. At most 20seedlings were evaluated for each F1 hybrid and the evaluation wasreplicated three times. To evaluate the response of the seedlings against P.palmivora infection, their leaves were inoculated with zoospore of P.palmivora. Relative humidity around inoculated leaves was maintained at&gt;90% by wrapping them with plastic bag. The sizes of leaf necroseresponse due to P. palmivora infection were observed during six days afterinoculation and the disease intensity was calculated based on this recordedsymptoms. Results of the experiments indicated that cacao clones (DR 1,ICS 13, and ICCRI 3) were the highest in general combining ability(GCA) for resistance character than the other two clones. Moreover, F1hybrid originated from crosses between DR 1 x ICS 13, and TSH 858 xSca 6 were the highest in specific combining ability (SCA) for resistancecharacter. Therefore, this combination crosses might be used to developenew hybrid combinations resistance against P. palmivora infection.Combination crosses showing highest heterotic value for resistance againstP. palmivora infection were DR 1 x ICS 13, DR1 x Sca 6, and ICS 13 xSca 6.</p><p>Key words : Heterotic effects, F1 hybrid array, GCA, SCA, diseaseintensity</p>

scholarly journals Enzymatic activity of proteases and its isoenzymes in fermentation process in cultivars of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) produced in southern Bahia, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Santos SOUSA ◽  
Fátima de Souza ROCHA ◽  
Paulo Túlio de Souza SILVEIRA ◽  
Eliete da Silva BISPO ◽  
Sérgio Eduardo SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Genetic control, combining ability and heritability of resistance to stem canker in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 213 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nyadanu ◽  
R. Akromah ◽  
B. Adomako ◽  
A. Y. Akrofi ◽  
H. Dzahini-Obiatey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L
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