Weight loss and commodity evaluation of pear fruits during storage depending on the packaging method

Pear fruits have a high biological and nutritional value; however, they are perishable products, storage of which is accompanied by certain difficulties. You can preserve the quality of fresh pears through the use of various packaging methods, among which the use of polyethylene liners is effective. The article presents the results of studies of weight loss and yield of pears during storage, depending on the variety and method of packaging. Conferencia, Noiabrska, and Osnovianska pears of the highest and first commodity varieties were pre-cooled and packed in wooden boxes №3, with a capacity of up to 25 kg (“control” option) and in boxes with a plastic bag liner inserted inside the package 45–50 μm followed by sealing (option “box with a polyethylene liner”). Pear fruits were stored for four months at a temperature of 0 ... + 3 ± 1 ºС and relative humidity of 92% ± 2%. Fruit weight losses were determined by the method of weighing fixed samples, the yield of marketable products - according to DSTU 8326:2015. It was found that during the storage period of pear fruits, their weight loss was 2.3–5%, depending on the variety and method of packaging. In terms of pomological varieties, according to average data, the highest weight loss was pears of the Osnovianska variety – 2.6%. The use of polyethylene liners during the storage of pears helped to reduce losses by 0.5–2.3% depending on the variety and duration of storage. It was found that in the conditions of free air access the share of standard products was 78.6–88.3% with the minimum value in the fruits of Conference and the maximum in the fruits of Noiabrska Moldova. It is proved that packing pear fruits in wooden boxes with polyethylene inserts caused an increase in the yield of marketable products to 90.2–98.4%, a decrease in the share of non-standard products to 1.6–7.0%, and waste to 2.8%. The weight loss of pear fruits of the Noiabrska Moldova variety was 0.3–1.5 lower compared to similar indicators of other varieties. The fruits of the same variety recorded a higher yield of marketable products – 88.3–98.4% depending on the method of storage.

Homicide and corpse dismemberment: A study of one case

Homicide may be an isolated impulsive act arising from a situation or based on a previous conception, which is premeditation. Despite its nature or motivations, homicide remains a wrongful criminal act at all times and in all places. Several studies conducted in Western countries on this topic have highlighted the overriding concern of the criminal, which includes concealing the criminal offence in most cases.In Africa, apart from cases of infanticide, the discovery of the body of a homicide victim in a public place is a relatively common phenomenon, particularly if it involves mutilation.The body was examined; it was a young adult African female whose corpse was wrapped in a plastic bag. The autopsy established that the section or cutting planes were preferably lodged in the large joints.Death was caused by mechanical asphyxia. The focus of this case lies in the atypical nature of this type of postmortem manipulation in the West African context.The unusual nature of this type of homicide illustrates and underscores some reality in our development context.

Enrichment of Ensilage Quality and Nutrients of Whole-Plant Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Based Silages

Aims: This study aimed at enriching the ensilaged quality and nutrient contents of whole-plant water hyacinths (WWH) based silages in different recipes. Study Design: Twelve recipes with three replications each were assigned in a completely random design. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Lampang Campus, Thailand, between October 2018 and September 2019. Methodology: Treatments were twelve recipes including: T1= light wilted WWH+ 1.96% salt, T2 = light wilted WWH + 4.15% molasses + 8.27% rice bran, T3 = light wilted WWH + 6.63% molasses + 15.86% rice bran, T4 = light wilted WWH +8.91% molasses + 22.83% rice bran, T5 = moderate wilted WWH + 1.59% Salt, T6 = moderate WWH + 11.17% molasses + 13.33% rice bran, T7 = moderate wilted WWH + 10.75 % molasses + 25.67% rice bran, T8 = moderate wilted WWH + 10.36% molasses + 37.11% rice bran, T9 = extremely wilted WWH + 1.16% salt, T10 = extremely wilted WWH + 5.10% rice bran, T11 = extremely wilted WWH + 4.30% molasses, T12 = extremely wilted WWH + 4.30% molasses + 5.14% rice bran. Each recipe was mixed into triplicates of a 30 kg high-density polyethylene plastic bag under anaerobic condition for 30 days. Results: The results demonstrated that T6, T7, and T8 were quite superior in fermentation characteristics; T3, T4, T6, T7, and T8 were judged outstanding in physical assessment; T4, T6, T7, and T8 were more appropriate in terms of nutritive values. Conclusion: This work demonstrated that WWH can be upgraded into high-quality silage by wilting, chopping into pieces, adding rice bran and molasses, and ensilaged for about 30 days. The finding from this study indicated that T6, T7, and T8 were fit all aspects and recommended as recipes for producing high-quality WWH-based silage for ruminants.

Farmers Markets and Single-Use Plastic: Why Environmentally Conscious Consumers Don’t Bring Reusable Bags

This study looks at the role of Extension in helping local officials reduce plastic bag use at farmers markets in three Lake County, OH communities. We distributed free reusable bags to shoppers and conducted an education and outreach program. We then took observations to determine if the free reusable bags were being used. We also invited shoppers to take a voluntary survey about their environmental attitudes, why or why not they use the reusable bags, and how best to reduce plastic bag use moving forward. Results from the study suggest that supplying free reusable bags at farmer markets is not an effective strategy for Extension professionals attempting to reduce plastic bag use. Instead, we recommend working with local officials to develop financial incentives and disincentives tied to the type of bag option shoppers use, implement plastic bag bans at markets, and conduct locally-focused education and outreach. Although shoppers’ environmental literacy and desire for sustainability is high, it is shown that behavior change is unlikely to occur without financial or policy incentives.

Effect of different plants’ aromatic essential oils on frozen Awassi lamb meat’s chemical and physical characteristics

The effect of drenching Awassi lambs with three aromatic essential oils from sage (Salvia officinalis L.), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) was investigated on meat chemical and physical characteristics, and oxidative and deterioration measurements. Twenty-four Awassi lambs, five to six months old, were divided into four groups. A concentrated diet was provided to the lambs at a rate of 3% of the body weight. The treatments were as follows: T1 was served as the untreated control, while T2, T3, and T4 were drenched with oils of sage, clove, and laurel, respectively. Drenching was carried out using water-soluble capsules containing 500 mg oil/capsule/day. Treatments lasted 90 days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were fasted overnight and slaughtered. The carcasses were cleaned and kept at 4°C for 24 h. The longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was then separated and preserved in a plastic bag for three preservation periods: no freezing and 30 days and 60 days freezing at −18°C. Several physical, fat, and protein stability analyses of meat were done after the preservation periods. The results indicated no significant effect of drenching Awassi lambs with different aromatic essential oils on the meat’s physical and chemical characteristics. However, these oils, especially clove oil, affected fat and protein stability with increasing preservation period by freezing.

PENGARUH CITRA MEREK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PRODUK KANTONG PLASTIK TOMAT

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of brand image and promotion on consumer loyalty with satisfaction as an intervening variable on tomato plastic bag products. This type of research uses associative research. The data source used is the primary data source. In this study the dependent variable is loyalty (Y), the independent variable is brand image (X1) and promotion (X2), and the intervening variable is consumer satisfaction (Z). The data test in this study consisted of a validity test, a reliability test and a path analysis test. Based on the analysis of the research data, it can be concluded that: 1) Brand Image (X1) and Promotion (X2) affect satisfaction (Z); 2) Brand Image (X1) and Promotion (X2) affect Loyalty (Y); 3) Satisfaction (Z) has an effect on Loyalty (Y); and 4) Brand Image (X1) and Promotion (X2) have an influence on consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction of Tomato brand Plastic Bag Products.