Flow cytometric and Feulgen densitometric analysis of genome size variation in Pisum

AbstractThe grass Deschampsia cespitosa is a variable taxon out of which many varieties, subspecies and endemic species have been separated. In this paper, the variation in genome size (GS) and ploidy of this grass including several of its subspecies and two related species in Eurasia was investigated by flow cytometric (FCM) measurements. GS and ploidy data were also related to specific environments and reproduction mode. Ploidy levels found by FCM were confirmed by chromosome counts of diploid (2n = 28) and tetraploid (2n = 52) samples. Seminiferous (seed bearing) D. cespitosa was mainly diploid (GS between 3.754 and 5.438 pg/1C). GS variation in diploids showed a geographic pattern with a significant difference (H = 41,441, P < 0.001) between European (median = 4.377 pg) and Asian (median = 4.881 pg) accessions. Genome size (1C) in tetraploids ranged from 7.9426 to 9.0399 pg. Tetraploid seminiferous D. cespitosa was found mostly in disturbed habitats in western and southern Europe, while tetraploids in Asia were registered in wet Arctic habitats. Genome size (1C between 8.3278 and 8.8603 pg) of the pseudoviviparous plants (spikelets produce plantlets asexually) of wet habitats in central and northern Europe indicated tetraploidy. A putative triploid (GS 6.6817 pg) was detected in Iceland. Summing up, we found a high variation in GS on the geographic scale with significant regional differences in diploid D. cespitosa. Among the tetraploids, the asexually reproducing plants were bound to specific habitats, while the seminiferous plants showed a habitat preference similar to the diploids.

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Genome Size Variation among and within Camellia Species by Using Flow Cytometric Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0064981 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. e64981 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Hui Huang ◽

Yan Tong ◽

Qun-Jie Zhang ◽

Li-Zhi Gao

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽

Size Variation ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Camellia Species

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Documenting Intraspecfic Genome Size Variation in Soybean

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2004.0261 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 261 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Lane Rayburn ◽

D. P. Biradar ◽

R. L. Nelson ◽

R. McCloskey ◽

K. M. Yeater

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Size Variation ◽

Genome Size Variation

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Genome size variation in deep-sea amphipods

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.170862 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 170862 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. Ritchie ◽

A. J. Jamieson ◽

S. B. Piertney

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Genome Size ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Research Effort ◽

Life History Strategy ◽

Size Variation ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

New Hebrides ◽

Contrast Analysis ◽

Independent Contrast

Genome size varies considerably across taxa, and extensive research effort has gone into understanding whether variation can be explained by differences in key ecological and life-history traits among species. The extreme environmental conditions that characterize the deep sea have been hypothesized to promote large genome sizes in eukaryotes. Here we test this supposition by examining genome sizes among 13 species of deep-sea amphipods from the Mariana, Kermadec and New Hebrides trenches. Genome sizes were estimated using flow cytometry and found to vary nine-fold, ranging from 4.06 pg (4.04 Gb) in Paralicella caperesca to 34.79 pg (34.02 Gb) in Alicella gigantea . Phylogenetic independent contrast analysis identified a relationship between genome size and maximum body size, though this was largely driven by those species that display size gigantism. There was a distinct shift in the genome size trait diversification rate in the supergiant amphipod A. gigantea relative to the rest of the group. The variation in genome size observed is striking and argues against genome size being driven by a common evolutionary history, ecological niche and life-history strategy in deep-sea amphipods.

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Patterns of genome size variation in snapping shrimp

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2015-0206 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 393-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Nicholas W. Jeffery ◽

Kristin Hultgren ◽

Solomon Tin Chi Chak ◽

T. Ryan Gregory ◽

Dustin R. Rubenstein

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Phylogenetic Signal ◽

Size Variation ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Chromosome Size ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

Large Genome ◽

Large Genome Size ◽

Single Genus ◽

Geographic Regions

Although crustaceans vary extensively in genome size, little is known about how genome size may affect the ecology and evolution of species in this diverse group, in part due to the lack of large genome size datasets. Here we investigate interspecific, intraspecific, and intracolony variation in genome size in 39 species of Synalpheus shrimps, representing one of the largest genome size datasets for a single genus within crustaceans. We find that genome size ranges approximately 4-fold across Synalpheus with little phylogenetic signal, and is not related to body size. In a subset of these species, genome size is related to chromosome size, but not to chromosome number, suggesting that despite large genomes, these species are not polyploid. Interestingly, there appears to be 35% intraspecific genome size variation in Synalpheus idios among geographic regions, and up to 30% variation in Synalpheus duffyi genome size within the same colony.

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