scholarly journals Genome size variation in Deschampsia cespitosa sensu lato (Poaceae) in Eurasia

2022 ◽  
Vol 308 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Greimler ◽  
Eva M. Temsch ◽  
Zhiqing Xue ◽  
Hanna Weiss-Schneeweiss ◽  
Polina Volkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Reproduction Mode ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Deschampsia Cespitosa ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

AbstractThe grass Deschampsia cespitosa is a variable taxon out of which many varieties, subspecies and endemic species have been separated. In this paper, the variation in genome size (GS) and ploidy of this grass including several of its subspecies and two related species in Eurasia was investigated by flow cytometric (FCM) measurements. GS and ploidy data were also related to specific environments and reproduction mode. Ploidy levels found by FCM were confirmed by chromosome counts of diploid (2n = 28) and tetraploid (2n = 52) samples. Seminiferous (seed bearing) D. cespitosa was mainly diploid (GS between 3.754 and 5.438 pg/1C). GS variation in diploids showed a geographic pattern with a significant difference (H = 41,441, P < 0.001) between European (median = 4.377 pg) and Asian (median = 4.881 pg) accessions. Genome size (1C) in tetraploids ranged from 7.9426 to 9.0399 pg. Tetraploid seminiferous D. cespitosa was found mostly in disturbed habitats in western and southern Europe, while tetraploids in Asia were registered in wet Arctic habitats. Genome size (1C between 8.3278 and 8.8603 pg) of the pseudoviviparous plants (spikelets produce plantlets asexually) of wet habitats in central and northern Europe indicated tetraploidy. A putative triploid (GS 6.6817 pg) was detected in Iceland. Summing up, we found a high variation in GS on the geographic scale with significant regional differences in diploid D. cespitosa. Among the tetraploids, the asexually reproducing plants were bound to specific habitats, while the seminiferous plants showed a habitat preference similar to the diploids.

scholarly journals Flow cytometric analysis of genome size variation in some Passiflora species

Hereditas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARETE MAGALHÃES SOUZA ◽  
GUADALUPE PALOMINO ◽  
TELMA NAIR SANTANA PEREIRA ◽  
MESSIAS GONZAGA PEREIRA ◽  
ALEXANDRE PIO VIANA
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Flow Cytometric

scholarly journals Genome size variation and karyotype diversity in eight taxa of Sorbus sensu stricto (Rosaceae) from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Jiabao Li ◽  
Kailin Zhu ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
First Time ◽  
Karyotype Symmetry

Eight taxa of Sorbus Linnaeus, 1753 sensu stricto (Rosaceae) from China have been studied karyologically through chromosome counting, chromosomal measurement and karyotype symmetry. Genome size was also estimated by flow cytometry. Six taxa, S. amabilis Cheng ex T.T.Yu et K.C.Kuan, 1963, S. hupehensis var. paucijuga (D.K. Zang et P.C. Huang, 1992) L.T. Lu, 2000, S. koehneana C.K. Schneider, 1906, S. pohuashanensis (Hance, 1875) Hedlund, 1901, S. scalaris Koehne, 1913 and S. wilsoniana C.K. Schneider, 1906 are diploids with 2n = 34, whereas two taxa, S. filipes Handel-Mazzetti,1933 and S. ovalis McAllister, 2005 are tetraploid with 2n = 68. In general, the chromosome size is mainly small, and karyotypes are symmetrical with predominance of metacentric chromosomes. Genome size variation of diploids and tetraploids is 1.401 pg –1.676 pg and 2.674 pg –2.684 pg, respectively. Chromosome numbers of S. amabilis and S. hupehensis var. paucijuga, and karyotype and genome size of eight taxa studied are reported for the first time. This study emphasised the reliability of flow cytometry in genome size determination to infer ploidy levels in Chinese native Sorbus species.

Genome size variation in Hordeum spontaneum populations

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Turpeinen ◽  
Johanna Kulmala ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Propidium Iodide Staining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations

Populations of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum (C. Koch), originating from 10 ecologically and geographically different sites in Israel, were assessed for genome size. Measurements were obtained by flow cytometry using propidium iodide staining. Genome sizes ranged from 9.35 to 9.81 pg. Variance analysis indicated a significant difference between populations. Genome sizes were positively correlated with mean January temperature. Our results corroborate previous findings of intraspecific variation in genome size from different plant species. The positive correlations between climate and genome size suggest that the latter is adaptive and determined by natural selection.Key words: Hordeum spontaneum, genome size, flow cytometry, intraspecific variation, natural selection.

scholarly journals Polyploidy and genome size variation in Phlox nana (Polemoniaceae) from the Pecos plains of New Mexico and the Davis Mountains of West Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-362
Author(s):  
Jamie Ladner ◽  
Mark H. Mayfield ◽  
L. Alan Prather ◽  
Carolyn J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Popula Tions ◽  
Davis Mountains ◽  
Parapatric Distribution

Polyploidy is conspicuous in the genus Phlox, and some species exhibit variation in ploidy levels, or cytotypic variation. Diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid popula-tions of P. nana occur across parts of the species distribution in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. A recent study highlighted two areas for which ploidy level inferences were challenging: a population on the Pecos Plains of New Mexico (“Caprock”) and the Davis Mountains region of West Texas. Plants in these areas were sampled and chromosome counts and flow cytometry methods were used to assess ploidy levels and genome sizes. Homoploid variation in ge-nome size was unambiguously documented: the genome size of tetraploid plants from the Davis Mountains was significantly larger than that of plants from Caprock. The general condition of larger genome sizes for plants in the Davis Mountains explains previous difficulty in determining ploidy levels within the region. Most plants at the Caprock population appeared to be tetraploid (2n=28), but chromosome counts revealed variants, including some putative pentaploids. Within the Davis Mountains region, both diploid (2n=14) and tetraploid (2n=28) cytotypes were documented, with a parapatric distribution. Overall, this study clarifies patterns of cytotypic diversity in P. nana, highlights an example of infraspecific, homoploid genome size variation, and contributes to a framework for ongoing evolutionary investigation in this study system.

scholarly journals Genome Size and Ploidy Levels of Cercis (Redbud) Species, Cultivars, and Botanical Varieties

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Roberts ◽  
Dennis J. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Size Estimates ◽  
Botanical Varieties

Cercis is an ancient member of Fabaceae, often cultivated as an ornamental tree, and can be found in numerous regions around the world. Previous studies have reported Cercis canadensis as being diploid with 2n = 2x = 14. However, there have been no further investigations into ploidy and genome size variation among Cercis taxa. A study was conducted to evaluate the relative genome size and ploidy levels of numerous species, cultivars, and botanical varieties of Cercis, representing taxa found in North America, Asia, and the Middle East. In addition, the genome size of Bauhinia forficata, a close relative of Cercis, was also determined. Genome size estimates (2C values) were determined by calculating the mean fluorescence of stained nuclei via flow cytometry. Propidium iodide was used as the staining agent and Glycine max was used as an internal standard for each taxon analyzed. Genome size estimates for all Cercis sampled ranged from 0.70 to 0.81 pg with an average size of 0.75 pg. The genome size of B. forficata was found to be smaller than any other Bauhinia sp. currently on record, with an average size of 0.87 pg. This study confirmed an initial estimation of the genome size of Cercis chinensis and found that floral buds of Cercis proved to be an excellent source of plant tissue for obtaining intact nuclei. All species, botanical varieties, and cultivars of Cercis surveyed for this study had remarkably similar genome sizes despite their wide range of distribution. This information can facilitate a better understanding of phylogenetic relationships within Cercideae and Cercis specifically.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document