Flow cytometric analysis of genome size variation in cultivated and wild Pisum sativum (Fabaceae)

AbstractThe grass Deschampsia cespitosa is a variable taxon out of which many varieties, subspecies and endemic species have been separated. In this paper, the variation in genome size (GS) and ploidy of this grass including several of its subspecies and two related species in Eurasia was investigated by flow cytometric (FCM) measurements. GS and ploidy data were also related to specific environments and reproduction mode. Ploidy levels found by FCM were confirmed by chromosome counts of diploid (2n = 28) and tetraploid (2n = 52) samples. Seminiferous (seed bearing) D. cespitosa was mainly diploid (GS between 3.754 and 5.438 pg/1C). GS variation in diploids showed a geographic pattern with a significant difference (H = 41,441, P < 0.001) between European (median = 4.377 pg) and Asian (median = 4.881 pg) accessions. Genome size (1C) in tetraploids ranged from 7.9426 to 9.0399 pg. Tetraploid seminiferous D. cespitosa was found mostly in disturbed habitats in western and southern Europe, while tetraploids in Asia were registered in wet Arctic habitats. Genome size (1C between 8.3278 and 8.8603 pg) of the pseudoviviparous plants (spikelets produce plantlets asexually) of wet habitats in central and northern Europe indicated tetraploidy. A putative triploid (GS 6.6817 pg) was detected in Iceland. Summing up, we found a high variation in GS on the geographic scale with significant regional differences in diploid D. cespitosa. Among the tetraploids, the asexually reproducing plants were bound to specific habitats, while the seminiferous plants showed a habitat preference similar to the diploids.

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Genome size variation in Pisum sativum

Genome ◽

10.1139/g94-092 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 646-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

J. Greilhuber ◽

I. Ebert

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Genome Size ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Size Variation ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Dna Content Variation ◽

Stable Genome ◽

Cytophotometric Analysis

Pisum sativum L. is one of the plant species where infraspecific genome size variation, up to 1.29-fold between cultivars, has been reported. The present investigation deals with a Feulgen cytophotometric analysis of this phenomenon in 25 wild accessions, landraces, and cultivars of widely different geographic origin. Differences between accessions were maximally 1.054-fold in single experiments but proved to be nonreproducible upon repeated measurements. Seedlings of the same accession often differed significantly, up to 1.056-fold, but values from root and shoot tips in one individual were not significantly correlated, indicating the absence of true genome size variation between plants. Upon calibration against Allium cepa a 1C value of 4.42 pg is estimated for Pisum sativum. Altogether the data suggest that, contrary to the divergence in the literature data and recent reports on DNA content variation, the pea has a stable genome size.Key words: Pisum sativum L., genome size variation, Feulgen cytophotometry.

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Genome size variation in Arachis hypogaea and A. monticola re-evaluated

Genome ◽

10.1139/g99-130 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 449-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Eva M Temsch ◽

Johann Greilhuber

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Genome Size ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Size Variation ◽

Internal Standard ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

Feulgen Densitometry ◽

Dna Contents ◽

Controversial Problem

Genome size variation within species is a frequently reported, but still a controversial problem. In the present study, we re-evaluated recently published Feulgen densitometric data on genome size and its infraspecific variation in Arachis hypogaea, and also conducted measurements in one accession of its wild relative A. monticola. The methods applied were propidium iodide flow cytometry and Feulgen densitometry using Pisum sativum as an internal standard. The 2C DNA contents previously published cannot be confirmed, but values obtained in this study are about half as large. Additionally, we could not reproduce the previously reported 1.15-fold variation within A. hypogaea; our data indicate genome size stability between respective accessions of this species. Based on 8.84 pg (2C) for Pisum sativum the DNA amounts (2C) were: 5.914 pg in A. hypogaea, and 5.979 pg in A. monticola.Key words: Arachis, genome size, flow cytometry, Feulgen densitometry.

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Documenting Intraspecfic Genome Size Variation in Soybean

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2004.0261 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 261 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Lane Rayburn ◽

D. P. Biradar ◽

R. L. Nelson ◽

R. McCloskey ◽

K. M. Yeater

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Size Variation ◽

Genome Size Variation

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Genome size variation in deep-sea amphipods

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.170862 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 170862 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. Ritchie ◽

A. J. Jamieson ◽

S. B. Piertney

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Genome Size ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Research Effort ◽

Life History Strategy ◽

Size Variation ◽

Genome Size Variation ◽

New Hebrides ◽

Contrast Analysis ◽

Independent Contrast

Genome size varies considerably across taxa, and extensive research effort has gone into understanding whether variation can be explained by differences in key ecological and life-history traits among species. The extreme environmental conditions that characterize the deep sea have been hypothesized to promote large genome sizes in eukaryotes. Here we test this supposition by examining genome sizes among 13 species of deep-sea amphipods from the Mariana, Kermadec and New Hebrides trenches. Genome sizes were estimated using flow cytometry and found to vary nine-fold, ranging from 4.06 pg (4.04 Gb) in Paralicella caperesca to 34.79 pg (34.02 Gb) in Alicella gigantea . Phylogenetic independent contrast analysis identified a relationship between genome size and maximum body size, though this was largely driven by those species that display size gigantism. There was a distinct shift in the genome size trait diversification rate in the supergiant amphipod A. gigantea relative to the rest of the group. The variation in genome size observed is striking and argues against genome size being driven by a common evolutionary history, ecological niche and life-history strategy in deep-sea amphipods.

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