Sex differences in levels of tolerance and attribution of blame for sexual harassment on a university campus

This chapter explores the existence of therapeutic jurisprudential approach in the present laws and guidelines that may address sexual harassment in the university campuses in Delhi, India. It has been seen that sexual harassment in the college campuses has often been overlooked as courtship problems between young adults. In this course, the trauma and victimization of women had also been overlooked. This chapter suggests that university campus sexual harassment may be exhaustive and it may include various forms of harassment including physical touching, verbal sexual bullying to even graver offences like molestation. This chapter researches on several forms of sexual harassments which are prevalent in the university campuses and which may defy the existing regulations due to the patriarchal social setup. It further researches on needs of therapeutic jurisprudence to deal with such problems.

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Sexual Harassment on Campus: A Study in a Nigeria University

AGOGO: Journal of Humanities ◽

10.46881/ajh.v4i0.218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

S. Y. Erinosho ◽

M. N. Femi-Oyewo ◽

E. O. Oduwole

Keyword(s):

Sexual Harassment ◽

Campus Climate ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Hostile Environment ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

University Campus ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Males And Females ◽

The University

Sexual harassment (SH) is increasingly reported as an issue of major concern among both students and staff on campuses across the globe, and has been confirmed to have social and psychological consequences on the victim. However, the scale of the menace is underplayed because of under-reporting of cases. As a way to containing and/or regulating the behaviour, it is therefore imperative to obtain credible evidence on the veracity, the different forms, and how they play out to affect student victims with a view to foster an equitable campus climate. Thus, against the magnitude of the anecdotal reports on SH and the absence of empirical evidence on its extent, this study is concerned with obtaining baseline data on the forms and prevalence of campus-based sexual harassment, as well as ascertaining the awareness and knowledge of SH among undergraduates in a Nigeria University (OOU). An exploratory study involving cross-sectional survey of 1420 males and females was undertaken cutting across the faculties and levels in the University. The findings confirmed the existence of sexual harassment in OOU campus, though reported not to be on a rampant scale. Also, the behavior elements that indicate features of a hostile-environment harassment were reported with most likely occurrence on the campus. The policy implications of the findings were highlighted and recommendations made towards the prevention of SH victimization on the University campus.

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Peer Aggression and Sexual Harassment among Young Adolescents in a School Context: A Comparative Study between Finland and Turkey

International Journal of Educational Psychology ◽

10.17583/ijep.6853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 199-221

Author(s):

Isik Zeliha Ulubas-Varpula ◽

Kaj Björkqvist

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sexual Harassment ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

School Context ◽

Indirect Aggression ◽

Peer Aggression ◽

Young Adolescents ◽

Cyber Aggression

The study investigates peer aggression and sexual harassment among young adolescents in Finland and Turkey. Sex differences and the interaction effect between country of residence and sex are also examined. A questionnaire was completed by 1,747 adolescents (1, 268 from Finland, 479 from Turkey, Mage = 14.1). Six different forms of aggression (physical, verbal, indirect, cyber, verbal sexual harassment, physical sexual harassment) were examined. More adolescents from Turkey, and more boys, were found to be involved in aggression as both victims and perpetrators compared to adolescents from Finland and girls. The interaction effect was significant between country of residence and sex with being a boy from Turkey was related to having the highest involvement in cyber aggression, verbal sexual harassment, and physical sexual harassment, as both victim and perpetrator. Regarding victimization from indirect aggression, girls from Finland scored higher than Turkish girls, while boys from Turkey scored higher than Finnish boys.

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Relationship Between Hip Frontal Dynamic Joint Stiffness and Frontal and Transverse Plane Hip Kinematics During Gait: Sex Differences

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2020-0037 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Shogo Takano ◽

Yoshitaka Iwamoto ◽

Junya Ozawa ◽

Nobuhiro Kito

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Internal Rotation ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

University Campus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hip Kinematics ◽

Hip Internal Rotation ◽

The Relationship

Context: Previous studies have reported that the incidence of patellofemoral pain in women is 2.2 times higher than that in men. Lower hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness in women may be related to the magnitude of hip adduction and internal rotation associated with patellofemoral pain. Objective: To identify sex differences in hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness and examine the relationship between hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness and hip adduction and internal rotation during gait. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University campus. Participants: A total of 80 healthy volunteers (40 women and 40 men) participated in this study. Intervention(s): Kinematic and kinetic data during gait were collected using a motion capture system and force plates. Main Outcome Measures: Hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness, hip adduction, and hip internal rotation were calculated during gait. Results: Women demonstrated lower hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness than men during gait (P < .01). They also displayed decreased hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness associated with increased hip adduction (r = −.85, P < .001) and internal rotation (r = −.48, P < .001). Conversely, in men, decreased hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness was associated with increased hip adduction (r = −.74, P < .001) but not internal rotation (r = .17, P = .28). Conclusions: Sex differences between hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness and hip internal rotation during gait may contribute to the increased incidence of patellofemoral pain in women.

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Sexual Harassment on a University Campus: The Confluence of Authority Relations, Sexual Interest and Gender Stratification

Social Problems ◽

10.1525/sp.1982.29.3.03a00030 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 236-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Donna J. Benson ◽

Gregg E. Thomson

Keyword(s):

Sexual Harassment ◽

Sexual Interest ◽

University Campus ◽

Gender Stratification ◽

Authority Relations ◽

And Gender

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Sexual harassment in the Marines, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and perceived health: Evidence for sex differences

Journal of Traumatic Stress ◽

10.1002/jts.20386 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 3-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Jillian C. Shipherd ◽

Suzanne L. Pineles ◽

Jaimie L. Gradus ◽

Patricia A. Resick

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sexual Harassment ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽

Stress Symptoms

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Why do men harass women? On the phenomenon of sex differences between victims and perpetrators of stalking and other forms of emotional abuse

Papers of Social Pedagogy ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.0203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 28-39

Author(s):

Dagmara Woźniakowska-Fajst

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sexual Harassment ◽

Emotional Abuse ◽

Cultural Foundations

Persistent harassment, including stalking, bullying and sexual harassment, which are classified as so called emotional abuse, have a lot in common. All of them involve harassing or tormenting other people. In the following article I will concentrate primarily on the problem of stalking, although sometimes the mechanism behind sexual harassment is similar and rooted in the same cultural foundations.

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