Correlations of understory herb distribution patterns with microhabitats under different tree species in a mixed mesophytic forest

Oecologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl R. Crozier ◽  
Ralph E. J. Boerner
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mesophytic Forest ◽  
Understory Herb

Patterns of Indigenous Tree Species Distribution in Guangdong Province and the Implications for Tree Introduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5324-5329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Lin Wang ◽  
Jing Peng Li ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zhi Yao Su
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Indicator Species Analysis ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indigenous Tree Species

Distribution pattern of 1148 indigenous tree species in Guangdong province and their relations to the environment were investigated based on the 0.5°×0.5° latitude-longitude grid system. The results showed that indigenous tree species richness increased with increasing latitude. Richness peaked in the middle of the study area with longitudinal gradient. Four ecological areas for indigenous tree species distribution were delimited using cluster analysis and TWINSPAN (two-way indicator species analysis). Indicator Species Analysis showed a significant difference was found in indicator species distribution across latitude gradient and the 4 ecological areas. Northern mountain areas and southern coastal areas possessed most of the indicator species (IV ≥ 0.7), among which Celtis philippensis, Gironniera cuspidata and Symplocos chunii were strongly indicative of the environmental characteristics. The study of distribution patterns and classification of ecological areas, which reflects different geographical and climatic characteristics, will be of significant implications for introduction of indigenous tree species from natural ecological areas.

scholarly journals Notas sobre la ecología reproductiva de árboles en un bosque mesófilo de montaña en Michoacán, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Héctor M. Hernández ◽  
Yasmín Carreón-Abud
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Mesophytic Forest ◽  
Clear Peak ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽  
Reproductive Events

Reproductive events of the main tree species of a mountain mesophytic forest are described, and complemented with data on the reproductive behavior of some shrubs and herbs. The general pattern of flowering among tree species was strongly seasonal, with a clear peak in flowering during the dry-wet and wet-dry interfases. Shrubs and herbs, by contrast, flowered primarily during the rainy season. Controlled pollination experiments showed that all tree species, with the exception of Cornus disciflora, have relatively high levels of self-compatibility. This is considered a mechanism for ensuring the reproductive success of these species in the absence of adequate pollinators. Melittophily is the dominant pollination syndrome, although others were observed (e.g., anemophily, ornithophily, and sphingophily). Finally, the general reproductive features of the forest are discussed and compared with the reproductive behavior of temperate and tropical forests.

scholarly journals Structure, composition and spatial distribution of tree species in a remnant of the semideciduous seasonal Alluvial Forest of the upper Paraná River Floodplain

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Batista Campos ◽  
Mariza Barion Romagnolo ◽  
Maria Conceição de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Parana River ◽  
Upper Paraná River Floodplain ◽  
Upper Paraná River ◽  
Paraná River Floodplain ◽  
Alluvial Forest

The aim of this investigation was to study the structure, distribution patterns, and dynamics of tree species in a remnant of the Semideciduous Seasonal Alluvial Forest in the Upper Paraná River Floodplain, Brazil. Spatial variation of the vegetation was considered mainly in relation to soil and topographic characteristics. The 5,946 m² study area extended along a transect from the bank of the Paraná River across the floodplain, passing through a lake. Phytosociological analysis were performed for 36 plots, each 150 m². Subanalysis were performed for 300 m² zones. Soil characteristics and topographic profile and their relationship to the vegetation were analyzed. Hydrodynamic and sediment processes were the most important factors in vegetation establishment and succession, determining species selection and formation and evolution of the substrate. These processes and their local spatial variability fundamentally affected the dynamics, structure, and patterns of distribution.

scholarly journals Host affinity and vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids in a montane cloud forest in southern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Hernández-Pérez ◽  
Eloy Solano ◽  
Ramiro Ríos-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Montane Cloud Forest ◽  
Vertical Zone ◽  
Bark Texture

<p class="Standard1"><strong>Background</strong>: The host´s structural characteristics provide diverse microhabitats that influence the distribution patterns of the epiphytes at different vertical zones and among tree species.</p><p class="Standard1"><strong>Hypotheses</strong>: Epiphytic orchids have preference for larger host trees and with non-exfoliating rough bark, while the limiting hosts will be those of smaller size and smooth and exfoliating bark, and there will be fewer individuals in the upper canopy of the host trees because the micro-environmental conditions are more stressful compared to the middle and lower parts of the host trees.</p><p class="Standard1"><strong>Methods</strong>: The host preferences and vertical distribution<strong> </strong>of the epiphytic orchids were analyzed in 20 montane cloud forest fragments. In each fragment, two transects of 2 × 50 m were drawn, and the trees with a diameter at a breast height ≥ 20 cm were recorded. In each tree, basal area was quantified and bark texture was characterized. In each tree and vertical zone, the orchid species present were identified and quantified.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Orchid distribution patterns vary between vertical zones and host tree species, and the richness is related to host size and bark texture. The highest species richness and number of epiphytic orchid’s individuals were recorded in host trees with fissured bark and larger size. The distribution of orchids in the host was not homogeneous nor was it related to any particular host species. However, five trees species were considered as host preferred, while five tree species were limiting hosts. The highest richness was recorded in vertical zone II and the lowest in zones I and V.</p><p class="Standard1"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Larger trees contain greater richness of epiphytic orchids, because they offer better conditions for their establishment, provide a great diversity of microhabitats, greater time and area for epiphytic colonization events. The texture of the bark is a relevant factor in the host preference, and in the hosts with smooth bark, the presence of epiphytic orchids depends on the accumulation of organic matter.</p>

scholarly journals Stand Structure, Regeneration Status and Distribution Patterns of Six Important Tree Species along Altitudinal Gradients at the Kilum-Ijim Forest Reserve, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Franklin Bantar Nworo ◽  
Njoh Roland Ndah ◽  
Egbe Enow Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Altitudinal Gradients ◽  
Regeneration Status

Tropical montane forests are considered to be one of the most species diverse ecosystems. These areas pose specific edaphic and environmental characteristics which enable these areas to harbour wide varieties of organisms. Some of these organisms are threatened and others are endemic to the area. The quest for food and other resources has resulted to indiscriminate exploitation of these montane forest. This study aimed to investigate the stand structure, distribution patterns and regeneration status of six tree species (Nuxia congesta, Pittosporum mannii, Podocarpu slatifolius, Prunus africana, Schefflera abyssinica and Syzygium guineense) along altitudinal gradients in the Kilum-Ijim Forest Reserve, Cameroon. A total of six study plots of one hectare (100 x100 m) each were laid across a 120 m elevation gradient. Two plots were established at each altitudinal gradient with elevations 2377 m, 2437 m and 2497 m. Measurements were taken for tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH 1.3 m) for the tree and poles. The digital Vernier callipers were used to measure collar diameters of seedlings and saplings. The highest tree density of 385 stems/ha was recorded for N. congesta at altitude 2497 m while the least was 20 stems/ha for S. abyssinica at altitude 2377m. The highest seedling density was 1563 stems/ha recorded for P. mannii at altitude 2377m and the least was noted for S. abyssinica at all the three altitudinal gradients.  Nuxia congesta had the highest basal area of 8809.23m2/ha at altitude 2437 m and the least of 74.82m2/ha for P. latifolius at altitude 2437 m.  The highest IVI occurred in N. congesta (131.91) was recorded at altitude 2377 m and the least (24.91) occurred in P. latifolius at altitude 2437 m. The spatial distributions of studied tree species were generally clumped and irregular. The regenerations of species were generally poor, though fair regenerations were noticed for N. congesta and P. mannii. The results showed that the six tree species were highly disturbed by anthropogenic activities. It is therefore imperative to develop and implement effective conservation measures to sustain the biodiversity of this reserve.

Distribution patterns and associations of dominant tree species in a mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest in the Changbai Mountains

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-tao Zhang ◽  
Xin-gang Kang ◽  
Jing-hui Meng ◽  
Li-xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Changbai Mountains ◽  
Broadleaf Forest

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns and Interspecific Associations During Natural Regeneration in Three Types of Secondary Forest in the Central Part of the Greater Khingan Mountains, Heilongjiang Province, China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyu Zhang ◽  
Lingbo Dong ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Zhaogang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Interspecific Associations ◽  
Adult Trees

Seedling and sapling spatial patterns are important in community regeneration, and understanding the natural regeneration mechanisms of tree species in relation to spatial patterns will help improve forest management and community restoration efficiency. Based on data from three fixed plots established in birch forests (BF), coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests (CBMF) and coniferous mixed forests (CMF) in the central Greater Khingan Mountains in Heilongjiang Province, China, in 2017, we used the univariate and bivariate O-ring functions of the point pattern analysis method to evaluate the spatial patterns and associations of the main tree species in these three forest types at different development stages and identified the community successional stages according to the interspecific associations between dominant tree species and other tree species. The results showed that Betula platyphylla and Larix gmelinii in BF exhibited identical spatial distribution patterns and had a tendency to transition from an aggregated to a random distribution from saplings to adult trees, whereas every tree type in CBMF generally showed a random distribution. Adult trees of the main tree species in CMF, i.e., L. gmelinii and Picea koraiensis, mainly showed a random distribution, but P. koraiensis at other size classes generally showed an aggregated distribution. The intraspecific associations of the main tree species in BF and CMF at different development stages were constrained by the spatial scale within a given scope, while those in CBMF at different development stages were not significantly constrained by spatial scale. The results also show that the density of the three forest types was affected by the distance between the individuals of the various tree classes and adult trees, with different levels of influence. We analyzed the interspecific associations between dominant tree species and other tree species and then assessed community succession progress and found that the BF and CMF exhibited medium-term community succession, while the CBMF was in the primary stage. Our results further show that the spatial distribution patterns of the tree species in the small-diameter classes were jointly affected by adjacent habitats and diffusional limitations and that scale dependence existed in the intraspecific and interspecific associations. The analysis of the natural regeneration of spatial distribution and interspecific associations represents an efficient way to explore the stability of forest communities and dynamic changes in interspecific relationships during succession. The study results thus provide a theoretical basis for developing rational forest management measures.

Distribution Patterns and Conservation of Eastern Brazilian Coastal Forest Tree Species

Brittonia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Mori ◽  
Brian M. Boom ◽  
Ghillean T. Prance
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Forest Tree Species
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