Spatial summation of excitation and inhibition in receptive fields of neurons in the lateral geniculate body of the cat and the influence of visual deprivation

1971 ◽  
Vol 327 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Th. Eysel ◽  
J. T. Flynn ◽  
C. Gaedt
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Spatial Summation ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

Properties of ganglion cells with atypical receptive-field organization in retina of macaques

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. de Monasterio
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Spatial Summation ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Central Retina ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. About 10% of a sample of 436 cells recorded in the retina of macaques had receptive fields lacking a center-surround organization. These cells had a diffuse extrafoveal distribution, they were less frequently found in the foveal region, and their conduction latencies overlapped with those of cells (types I, III, and IV) having a center-surround organization. Three groups were distinguished. 2. Type II cells had spectrally opponent responses mediated by mechanisms having similar or identical distributions and response latency; these cells did not respond to white light. They predominated in the central retina, they usually received input from all three types of cone, they had a linear spatial summation of incomming photo-receptor signals, they lacked rod input, they had conduction latencies that were intermediate between those of the other two groups, and they could be antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the lateral geniculate body but not of the superior colliculus. 3. Type V cells were neurons whose common characteristic was the presence of on-off responses to both small and large stimuli. One subgroup had either excitatory or inhibitory on-off responses and a silent inhibitory surround that tended to suppress cell responses and maintained activity. They were observed throughout the central retina, including the fovea; they received input from green- and red-sensitive cones, but not from blue-sensitive cones; they had a non-linear spatial summation; they had comparatively long conduction latencies; and they could be antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of either the lateral geniculate body or superior colliculus. Another subgroup lacked spontaneous activity and any type of surround. They were encountered at a retinal depth more sclerad than that of other neurons and could not be antidromically driven from the optic tract or more central structures; these cells also lacked input from blue-sensitive cones and had a nonlinear spatial summation. 4. Type VI cells were predominantly inhibited by moving stinuli in any direction of motion and failed to respond to stationary flashing stimuli; they appeared to predominate toward the perifovea and had comparatively short conduction latencies.

Types of receptive fields in the lateral geniculate body and their functional model

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Dudkin ◽  
V. D. Glezer ◽  
V. E. Gauselman ◽  
A. I. Panin
Keyword(s):  
Functional Model ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

Pioneers of cortical plasticity: six classic papers by Wiesel and Hubel

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 2741-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Constantine-Paton
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Single Cell Responses ◽  
Eye Closure ◽  
Classic Papers

This essay looks at six APS classic papers published by D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel that first identified a developmental critical period for environment influenced receptive field plasticity in the visual pathway. These classic papers are freely available online. These are listed here, in chronological order. Wiesel TN, Hubel DH. Effects of visual deprivation on morphology and physiology of cells in the cat's lateral geniculate body. J Neurophysiol 26: 978–993, 1963 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/26/6/978 ). Hubel DH, Wiesel TN. Receptive fields of cells in striate cortex of very young, visually inexperienced kittens. J Neurophysiol 26: 994–1002, 1963 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/26/6/994 ). Wiesel TN, Hubel DH. Single-cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye. J Neurophysiol 26: 1003–1017, 1963 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/26/6/1003 ). Wiesel TN, Hubel DH. Comparison of the effects of unilateral and bilateral eye closure on cortical unit responses in kittens. J Neurophysiol 28: 1029–1040, 1965 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/28/6/1029 ). Hubel DH, Wiesel TN. Binocular interaction in striate cortex of kittens reared with artificial squint. J Neurophysiol 28: 1041–1059, 1965 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/28/6/1041 ). Wiesel TN, Hubel DH. Extent of recovery from the effects of visual deprivation in kittens. J Neurophysiol 28: 1060–1072, 1965 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/28/6/1060 ).

Receptive Fields of Single Cells in the Rabbit Lateral Geniculate Body

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 196 (4858) ◽  
pp. 999-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. ARDEN
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

?Regular? visual receptive fields of neurons of the cat lateral geniculate body

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
B. A. Arutyunyan-Kozak ◽  
A. A. �kimyan ◽  
A. L. Kazaryan ◽  
K. Dec ◽  
G. G. Grigoryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Body ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Visual Receptive Fields

Contrast-Dependent Spatial Summation in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Retina of the Cat

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1708-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Nolt ◽  
R. D. Kumbhani ◽  
L. A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Spatial Summation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Difference Of Gaussians ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

Based on extracellular recordings from 69 lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) cells in the anesthetized cat, we found spatial summation within their receptive fields to be dependent on the contrast of the stimuli presented. By fitting the summation curves to a difference of Gaussians model, we attributed this contrast-dependent effect to an actual change in the size of the center mechanism. Analogous changes in spatial frequency tuning were also observed, specifically increased peaks and cut-off frequencies with contrast. These effects were seen across the populations of both X and Y cell types. In a few cases, LGN cells were recorded simultaneously with one of their retinal ganglion cell (RGC) inputs (S-potentials). In every case, the RGCs exhibited similar contrast-dependent effects in the space and spatial-frequency domains. We propose that this contrast dependency in the retinal ganglion cells results directly from a reduction in the size of the center mechanism due to an increase in contrast. We also propose that these properties first arise in the retina and are transmitted passively through the LGN to visual cortex.

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