Effect of acetylcholine, histamine, and serotonin on myoelectrical activity of the stomach and small intestine in waking dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-786
Author(s):  
K. A. Shemerovskii ◽  
V. I. Ovsyannikov
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity

Automated monitoring of myoelectrical activity of the small intestine in patients with peritonitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gasparyan ◽  
S. L. Shvyrev ◽  
T. V. Zarubina
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Automated Monitoring

Intestinal myoelectrical activity and transit time in chronic portal hypertension

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. G474-G479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Stewart ◽  
H. D. Battarbee ◽  
G. E. Farrar ◽  
K. W. Betzing
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Proximal Small Intestine

This study was designed to determine the effects of portal hypertension on intestinal myoelectrical activity and propulsion. In a single surgery, adult rats were implanted with a serosal electrode at each quarter of the small intestine, and portal hypertension was produced by calibrated constriction of the portal vein. To determine intestinal transit, portal vein-stenosed (PVS) and sham-operated animals were chronically implanted with a catheter in the proximal small intestine. Transit time was determined by measuring the progression of radioactive chromium along the bowel. Studies were conducted 6, 9, and 14 days after surgical preparation. Portal hypertension was associated with both transient and persistent changes in intestinal myoelectrical activity during the experimental period. Slow wave frequency was significantly reduced in the proximal small intestine on all test days and in the distal small intestine on day 14. Occurrence of the migrating myoelectric complex was reduced on days 6 and 9. Phase III amplitude was significantly reduced in the distal small intestine on all test days. Changes in intestinal myoelectrical activity in PVS animals were not associated with measurable changes in intestinal propulsion. The results suggest that both transient and persistent changes in intestinal myoelectrical activity occur during the 2-wk period after portal vein stenosis. The functional significance of the changes is unknown.

Rapid frequency rhythmic postprandial motility in the canine ileum

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. G766-G772
Author(s):  
A. Fich ◽  
S. F. Phillips ◽  
R. B. Hanson ◽  
A. R. Zinsmeister
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Postprandial Motility ◽  
Chronic Models ◽  
Spike Bursts

We report here a novel motor phenomenon that we recorded from the canine terminal ileum in the postprandial period. In chronic models that allowed us to monitor myoelectrical activity and intraluminal pressure from the jejunum and distal ileum, we regularly saw in the ileum, but not in the jejunum, a rhythmic sequence of intraluminal pressure waves at a frequency of 19-24 cycles/min. This unusual motor pattern was rarely seen in the first 2 h after food and was essentially absent during fasting; it appeared reproducibly 1-4 h after food, at the time when chyme reached the ileum. The phenomenon was accompanied by spike bursts that were usually at the same rapid, rhythmic frequency, but the rate of the ileal slow wave persisted at the preprandial level (13-15/min). These findings further exemplify differences in the regulation of the motility between jejunum and ileum; moreover, the phenomenon highlights the capacity of the distal small intestine to response specifically to the nature of its luminal contents. This reaction of the ileum to the arrival of dietary residues is deserving of further study in the evaluation of the small bowel's response to a meal.

Motilin and the vagus in dogs

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lemoyne ◽  
R. Wassef ◽  
D. Tassé ◽  
L. Trudel ◽  
P. Poitras
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Motility Pattern ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Circulating Levels

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of the vagus on the circulating levels of immunoreactive (IR) motilin. Five mongrel dogs were equipped with chronically implanted electrodes in the small intestine to record the myoelectrical activity. The release of IR motilin during fasting, after a meal, and during an infusion of insulin was studied before and after truncal vagotomy at the diaphragmatic level. When tested at least two weeks after the operation, the motility pattern of the small intestine and the secretion of IR motilin remained unaltered by vagal section. Cyclic increases in IR motilin associated with phase III's of the interdigestive myoelectric complexes were still observed after vagotomy (maximum levels of IR motilin: 250 ± 37 versus 239 ± 19 fmol∙mL−1, not significant), and they were still abolished by feeding or by insulin. However, an inhibitory influence can probably be mediated by the vagus since, in normal animals, vagal stimulation by a "modified sham feeding" (tease feeding or presentation of food) at the beginning of a period of phase III activity promptly interrupted this part of the complex and decreased significantly the release of IR motilin by about 20%. The release of motilin is not chronically altered by distal vagotomy in dogs.

scholarly journals Characteristics of myoelectrical activities along the small intestine and their responses to test meals of different glycemic index in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (5) ◽  
pp. R997-R1003
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Feng Ye ◽  
Sujuan Zhang ◽  
Shiying Li ◽  
Jiande Chen
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Entire Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Slow Waves

The purpose of this study was to characterize intestinal myoelectrical activity along the small intestine and investigate its responses to test meals with different glycemic index at different locations. Sixteen rats were implanted with electrodes in the serosal surface of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Intestinal myoelectrical activities were recorded from these electrodes for 30 min in the fasting state and 3 h after four kinds of meals with different glycemic index, together with the assessment of blood glucose. The results were as follows: 1) in the fasting state, the percentage of normal intestinal slow waves (%NISW) showed no difference; however, the dominant frequency (DF), power (DP), and percentage of spike activity superimposed on the intestinal slow wave (NS/M) were progressively decreased along the entire small intestine; 2) regular solid meal and Ensure solicited no changes in any parameters of intestinal myoelectrical activity; whereas glucose and glucose + glucagon significantly altered the %NISW, DF, DP, and NS/M, and the effects on the proximal intestine were opposite to those in the distal intestine; and 3) postprandial blood glucose level was significantly correlated with %NISW along the entire small intestine. We found that that, in addition to the well-known frequency gradient, there is also a gradual decrease in the DP and spikes along the small intestine in the fasting state. Glucose and hyperglycemic meals inhibit myoelectrical activities in the proximal small intestine but result in enhanced but more dysrhythmic intestinal myoelectrical activities. There is a significant negative correlation between the normality of intestinal slow waves and blood glucose.

Long-term effects of jejunoileal autotransplantation on myoelectrical activity in canine small intestine

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1505-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn M. M. Quigley ◽  
Ali D. Spanta ◽  
Scott G. Rose ◽  
John Lof ◽  
Jon S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

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