Iterative algorithm for optimization of the energy distribution in high-powered water-cooled channel reactors (RBMK) with the help of measurement of the insertion depth of the safety and control rods (SCR)

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
A. A. Shkurpelov ◽  
V. V. Postnikov ◽  
N. V. Isaev ◽  
V. G. Nazaryan ◽  
Yu. V. Shmonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Iterative Algorithm ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Rods

Analysis on the effect of polyetherimide on energy distribution of radio frequency heating of viscous sauce

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huojie Shi ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Zhiming Yan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Rf Heating ◽  
Heating Uniformity ◽  
Uneven Heating ◽  
And Control ◽  
Shape And Size

Abstract Radio frequency (RF) sterilization of low-moisture, high-oil, high-protein, and viscous sauces for instant food (LHHVS) demonstrates many advantages, but uneven heating is a main problem that must be addressed. Main factors that affect heating uniformity are generally considered dielectric properties, shape and size of the sample and its position relative to the electrode plate, in addition the structure and voltage of RF electrode. A method based on texture characteristics of the solid–gel–liquid mixing system of LHHVS for adjustment and control of energy distribution in the RF field is proposed in this study to improve the heating uniformity. First, energy conversion principles and control equations of RF heating were analyzed on the basis of dielectric theory. Second, the influence of RF electromagnetic field-medium polyetherimide (PEI) on the RF heating of peanut butter (RHPB) was investigated on the basis of the numerical model of RHPB that was verified through experiments. Finally, the influence mechanism and its regulation and control effect were analyzed and discussed. The following conclusions can be drawn from this study: the increase of electrode gaps exerts minimal effect although it reduces the unevenness of the energy distribution. However, RF heating protocols must use the smallest possible electrode gap to heat agrifoods and increase the heating rate significantly. The energy distribution on the part of the sample close to PEI varies with the change of geometry and size of PEI when its placement is bias or symmetric. The area of energy enhancement continues to expand where the sample is in contact with PEI as PEI gradually increases. The area where the temperature increases under the influence of PEI will expand along the direction of the sample radius when the thickness of PEI remains unchanged and the radius gradually enlarges; otherwise, it will expand along the direction of the sample thickness. The influence of PEI on the energy distribution of RHPB demonstrates local characteristics. PEI significantly influences the energy distribution and heating mode of RHPB, which is easy to adjust and control, but does not reduce the processing speed and does not increases energy consumption. Hence, PEI is an effective means to interfere with energy distribution of RHPB. Uniform energy distribution can be obtained by selecting the appropriate PEI shape and size. Results of this study can help determine the experimental protocol for RHPB with the optimal uniform distribution and promote the fast commercial application of this technology.

The Effect of MA Transmutation in the PWR on Fuel Cycle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyang Yu ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Wenxin Zhang ◽  
Jin Cai
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Minor Actinide ◽  
Minor Actinides ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Mcnp Program ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Rods ◽  
Effective Multiplication

The minor actinides (MA) is important nuclides in the spent fuel which is bad for human ecological environment. Pressurized water reactor (PWR) is the main reactor type at commercial operation around world. It is important to find the appropriate loading patterns when introducing minor actinides to the PWR core. In this paper, we study the effect of MA transmutation in the PWR on fuel cycle. First, we use the MCNP program to simulate the model of PWR and the effective multiplication factor.Then,the MA is introduced into core in different ways and mass to simulate the effective multiplication factor. In conclusion,without considering chemical skim control and control rods, we change the thickness of the MA, until the keff closes to 1, We find that loading minor actinides to burnable poison rods for transmutation is an optimal minor actinide loading pattern.

Transmission computer microtomography for nondestructive monitoring of fuel and control rods in a reactor

Atomic Energy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
V. I. Lelekov
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Monitoring ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Rods

scholarly journals Role of Operational Radioprotection Simulation in the Dismantling of the Protection and Control Rods of VVR-S Reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-519
Author(s):  
I. Iorga ◽  
R. Deju ◽  
D. Gurau ◽  
M. Mincu
Keyword(s):  
Protection And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Rods

scholarly journals Design and development of RFID based Multi-User Smart Energy Distribution System at Sunyani Technical University, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4596-4603
Author(s):  
Samuel Jonas Yeboah Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Energy Meter ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fire Outbreak ◽  
Rate Of Consumption

In Ghana families living in large and compound houses desire to have separate energy meters from other occupants. This is because individuals cannot monitor and control the energy consumption of other tenants and results in misunderstanding in energy bill sharing, overcrowding of energy meters on the wall of a building and likelihood of fire outbreak. It is therefore expedient to have a very accurate, efficient and peaceful means of delivering electrical energy to multiple users within a household with just a single energy meter and this has necessitated the introduction of Smart Multi-user Energy Distribution Meter (SEDS). In this paper microcontroller based smart electrical distribution switch that has the capability of allocating independent energy units to several users in a household is proposed. Experiment was done by assigning Energy units of 4kWh, 8kWh and 6kWh to three logging points on the SEDS device representing three different users. A load of 100W was connected representing the consumption of individual user. The results indicate that the rate of consumption is dependent on the total load connected. The SEDS device has different switches allocated to each user which monitor the consumption rate of the user and automatically isolate a user when power gets exhausted which serve the same purpose as several users having different energy meters. However, individual consumption can be monitored and controlled by the user.

Distributed Situation Awareness in Command and Control: A Case Study in the Energy Distribution Domain

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

Distributed situation awareness in command and control: A case study in the energy distribution domain

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document