Genetic and immunological characterization of naturally occurring recombinant B3 rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz W. Kunz ◽  
Thomas J. Gill ◽  
Barbara Dixon ◽  
John W. Shonnard ◽  
Bridgett K. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunological Characterization ◽  
Naturally Occurring

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

The Immunological Characterization of Human Antibodies to Factor VIII Isolated by Immuno-Affinity Chromatography

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 060-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Kavanagh ◽  
C N Wood ◽  
J F Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Immunological Characterization ◽  
Human Antibodies ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Light Chain Type ◽  
Antibody Preparations ◽  
Chain Type

SummaryNine human antibodies to factor VIII were isolated from haemophilic plasmas by affinity chromatography and gel filtration and six were subsequently subjected to immunological characterization. Three partially purified preparations were similarly characterized. Eight of the antibodies were characterized as being exclusively IgG and one preparation was found to contain IgM. Seven of the antibodies contained only a single light chain type, four being of type lambda and three of type kappa. Two antibody preparations contained both kappa and lambda light chains. In four of the preparations, only a single heavy chain sub-class could be demonstrated, three of IgG3 and one of IgG4. Of the remainder, three were a mixture of IgG3 and IgG4 sub-classes and one contained both IgG2 and IgG4. IgG sub-classification could not be achieved with the IgM-containing preparation. These results demonstrate a restricted heterogeneity of light and heavy chains in human antibodies to factor VIII.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Amazing Diversity of Natural Source-Derived Polysaccharides: Modern Procedures of Isolation, Engineering, and Optimization of Antiviral Activities

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Bimalendu Ray ◽  
Martin Schütz ◽  
Shuvam Mukherjee ◽  
Subrata Jana ◽  
Sayani Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Linkage Pattern ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
One Step

Naturally occurring polysaccharide sulfates are highly diverse, owning variations in the backbone structure, linkage pattern and stereochemistry, branching diversity, sulfate content and positions of sulfate group(s). These structural characteristics bring about diverse sulfated polymers with dissimilar negative charge densities and structure–activity relationships. Herein, we start with a short discussion of techniques needed for extraction, purification, chemical sulfation, and structural characterization of polysaccharides. Processes of isolation and sulfation of plant-derived polysaccharides are challenging and usually involve two steps. In this context, we describe an integrated extraction-sulfation procedure that produces polysaccharide sulfates from natural products in one step, thereby generating additional pharmacological activities. Finally, we provide examples of the spectrum of natural source-derived polysaccharides possessing specific features of bioactivity, in particular focusing on current aspects of antiviral drug development and drug–target interaction. Thus, the review presents a detailed view on chemically engineered polysaccharides, especially sulfated derivatives, and underlines their promising biomedical perspectives.

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