Brain resuscitation by extracorporeal circulation after prolonged cardiac arrest in cats

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Iijima ◽  
R. Bauer ◽  
K. -A. Hossmann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Brain Resuscitation

A NEW CARDIAC ARREST RAT MODEL FOR BRAIN RESUSCITATION STUDIES

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Hans H. L. Hendrickx ◽  
Sven Erik Gisvold ◽  
Peter Safar ◽  
Ken Swint ◽  
John Mossy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Brain Resuscitation

Abstract P237: Common Genetic Variation in Caspase Enzymes and Survival of Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine O Johnson ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Nona Sotoodehnia ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
Kenneth M Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
P Value ◽  
Brain Resuscitation

Background: Reperfusion following ischemia due to sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is necessary for survival, but results in additional injury to affected tissues. Regulation of apoptosis has been shown to be important in determining the extent of reperfusion injury. Caspases (CASP) are essential enzymes in the apoptotic cascade and we therefore hypothesized that genetic variation in these enzymes might influence cardiac and brain resuscitation after SCA. To test this, we examined three genes (CASP2, CASP3, CASP9) in a population-based study of SCA survival. Methods: Subjects (mean age 67, 80% male, of European descent) were out-of-hospital SCA patients found in ventricular fibrillation (VF) and attended by paramedics in King County, WA (n=1614). To investigate cardiac resuscitation, we compared subjects who survived to hospital admission (n=827) with those who did not (n=787); for brain resuscitation, we compared subjects who survived to hospital discharge (n=448) with those who did not (n=1166). Associations of 19 SNPs were examined using logistic regression comparing each additional copy of the minor allele. Based on a priori hypotheses, models were adjusted for: age; gender; time from 911 call to arrival of emergency medical services; whether the event was witnessed; occurred in public; and whether bystander CPR was administered. We used within-gene permutation tests to adjust p-values for multiple comparisons. Results: Two SNPs in CASP3 were associated with SCA survival. The A allele of rs4647688 (minor allele frequency (MAF) 0.20) was associated with lower rates of survival to hospital admission (OR (95% CI), adjusted p-value: 0.78 (0.65, 0.93), p =0.043). The T allele of rs2705897 (MAF 0.26) was associated with a higher rate of survival to hospital admission (1.27 (1.07, 1.51), p =0.049). These two SNPs are in almost complete linkage equilibrium (r 2 =0.091). No SNPs in CASP3 were significantly associated with survival to hospital discharge, and no SNPs in CASP2 or CASP9 were significantly associated with either outcome. Conclusions: CASP3 variants are associated with SCA survival in this population. Further work is needed to explore the effect of these variants on regulation of apoptosis during reperfusion following VF arrest, and to replicate these findings in other populations.

Phenytoin for brain resuscitation after cardiac arrest

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ANTONIO ALDRETE ◽  
FRANCISCO ROMO-SALAS ◽  
VALENTINO D. B. MAZZIA ◽  
SHIRLEY L. TAN
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Brain Resuscitation

scholarly journals Hypothermic cardiac arrest far away from the center providing rewarming with extracorporeal circulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Mark ◽  
Olaf Jacobsen ◽  
Astrid Kjerstad ◽  
Torvind Naesheim ◽  
Rolf Busund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation

scholarly journals Correlation of EEG-based brain resuscitation index and end-tidal carbon dioxide in porcine cardiac arrest model

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Brain Resuscitation ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring

Evaluation and monitoring perfusion of vital organs is important during resuscitation from cardiac arrest. We developed a non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain resuscitation index (EBRI) as a physiologic indicator measuring organ perfusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and evaluated the correlation of EBRI and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). A randomized crossover experimental study using a porcine cardiac arrest model was designed. After 1 minute of untreated ventricular fibrillation, 10 periods of higher-quality CPR (compression depth 5 cm and compression rate 100/min) for 50 seconds and lower-quality CPR (compression depth 3 cm and compression rate 60/min) for 50 seconds were performed in alternation. EBRI was calculated from the single EEG channel with the lowest noise. Mixed-model analysis was conducted to compare the differences of hemodynamic parameters, ETCO2, and EBRI between higher-quality CPR periods and lower-quality CPR periods. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to assess correlation between EBRI and ETCO2. The experiment was performed on 5 female swine (44.6 ± 2.8 kg). Higher-quality CPR showed significantly higher delta EBRI (median [IQR] 0.1 [0.0–0.2]) than did lower-quality CPR (median [IQR] –0.1 [–0.2–0.0], p < 0.01). EBRI had a statistically moderate positive correlation with ETCO2 (r = 0.51). In this porcine cardiac arrest model, EBRI was successfully obtained during resuscitation and had a statistically moderate correlation with ETCO2.

Abstract 103: Rewarming Speed Affects Cardiopulmonary and Neurological Functions After Deep Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Linardi ◽  
Beat H Walpoth ◽  
Romel Mani ◽  
Maddalena M Tessari ◽  
Ilaria Decimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Hemodynamic Assessment ◽  
Deep Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: The optimal rewarming rate from accidental or induced deep hypothermia is still unknown. Fast extracorporeal rewarming by extracorporeal circulation has been associated with cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary edema and poor neurologic outcome. Hypothesis: This study investigates whether the speed of rewarming after deep hypothermic cardiac arrest has neurological and cardiopulmonary effects. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley adult rats (450-550g) were rapidly cooled (ice packs) until 15°C core body temperature. Deep hypothermic cardiac arrest was maintained for 60 min. Thereafter rats were randomised to receive slow (90 minutes) or fast (30 minutes) rewarming by cardiopulmonary bypass to a target temperature of 35°C. After 90 minutes of reperfusion all animals underwent hemodynamic assessment by biventricular pressure-volume analysis, brain MRI and heart, lungs and brain were collected. Results: Slow rewarming preserved cardiac systolic and diastolic functions, ventricular arterial coupling and endothelium dependent relaxation. Lung edema was attenuated after slow rewarming. Cardimyocytes pro-survival kinases ERK and Akt activation were significantly higher in the slow rewarming group. MRI demonstrated enhancement of cerebral blood flow and reduction of cerebral edema after slow rewarming. Neurologic inflammatory response measured by IL-6, ICAM-1, CCL5 and TNF-α expression was significantly decreased in the slow rewarming group. Oxidative stress assessed by malondialdehyde was significantly reduced after slow rewarming. Conclusion: Slow rewarming by extracorporeal circulation after deep hypothermic cardiac arrest might improve systolic and diastolic function, preserve ventricular-arterial coupling, attenuate cerebral perfusion impairment and reduce neuronal damage.

Abstract 272: Feasibility of Non-Invasive Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring During CPR

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Haas ◽  
Amanda Pennington ◽  
Ryan Coute ◽  
Robert Neumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flow Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Brain Resuscitation ◽  
Va Ecmo

Introduction: Reliable non-invasive monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during cardiac arrest would greatly facilitate goal-directed brain resuscitation during CPR. The Ornim c-FLOW™ provides real-time, continuous, non-invasive, direct monitoring of CBF via ultrasound tagged near infrared spectroscopy using adhesive sensors applied to the forehead. Values range from 0-100 units with a reported baseline value of 55±7 units (mean±sd). C-FLOW™ values are refreshed every three seconds for each of two forehead probes. The feasibility of using c-FLOW™ to monitor CBF during cardiac arrest has not been previously reported. Methods: The c-FLOW™ was applied in the ED to adult patients undergoing CPR for cardiac arrest that occurred in the ED or outside the hospital. c-FLOW™ values were continuously recorded during CPR and for up to 6 hours post-ROSC. c-FLOW™ values were correlated with corresponding end-tidal CO 2 (PetCO 2 ) values during CPR. Changes in c-FLOW™ values after vasopressor therapy were also quantified. Results: c-FLOW™ values were continuously recorded on patients undergoing CPR during 10 cardiac arrests. Initial, minimum, maximum, and mean values during CPR were 30.7±12.7, 17.3±15.0, 51.3±15.6, and 31.3±12.6 units, respectively. Maximum values after ROSC and VA ECMO were 43.0±10.9 and 59.0±12.0 units, respectively, and mean values after ROSC and VA ECMO were 24.0±11.7 and 35.3±12.7 units, respectively. The minimum value recorded after cessation of resuscitation efforts was 1.7±3.7 units. There was no significant correlation between c-FLOW™ values and simultaneous PetCO 2 values during CPR (R 2 0.01, p>0.05). c-FLOW™ values increased 7.6±8.5 units after IV/IO epinephrine boluses during CPR, though increased less with each subsequent bolus. Conclusions: Application of the c-FLOW™, a continuous real-time monitor of CBF, during cardiac arrest is feasible in the ED setting. c-FLOW™ values suggest variable and dynamic CBF during CPR. c-FLOW™ values do not appear to correlate with PetCO 2 but appear to detect increases in CBF associated with vasopressor therapy during CPR. Future studies are needed to determine the value of continuous non-invasive CBF monitoring as part of a goal-directed strategy to optimize brain resuscitation during CPR.

scholarly journals 47 Correlation of eeg-based brain resuscitation index(EBRI) and end TIDAL CO2 in porcine cardiac arrest model: ebri-one trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Sun Choi ◽  
Heejin Kim ◽  
So-Ra Song ◽  
Tae Han Kim ◽  
Young Sun Ro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Brain Resuscitation ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
End Tidal Co2
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