Inflation static pressure-volume curves of the total respiratory system determined without any instrumentation other than the mechanical ventilator

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fernandez ◽  
L. Blanch ◽  
A. Artigas
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator

Possible errors using esophageal balloon in determination of pressure-volume characteristics of the lung and thoracic cage

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Knowles ◽  
Suk Ki Hong ◽  
Hermann Rahn
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Thoracic Cage ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Esophageal Balloon ◽  
Volume Characteristics

The static pressure-volume curves of the lung, thoracic cage and total respiratory system were studied in the sitting, supine, prone and knee-elbow position in four subjects. The lung and thoracic-cage pressures were measured with the aid of an esophageal balloon and recorded on a water manometer. The analysis of these various components suggests that in the supine position the esophageal balloon is compressed by the mediastinal content, giving rise to an artifact in the recording of the lung pressure. If this artifact is taken into consideration, it would appear that the effect of posture on the compliance of the lung is negligible. Lung pressures calculated for various lung volumes during active breathing are compared with static values recorded on a water manometer. Submitted on December 19, 1958

The Technology of Ventilator Airflow Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 484-487
Author(s):  
Yue Yang Yuan ◽  
Chong Chang Yang ◽  
Zhi Xin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
System Model ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Ventilation Control ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Working Principle

Aiming at improving and optimizing the ventilators performance and by reviewing the whole procession for design and research of a modern medical mechanical ventilator, many things about its ventilation control are taken into being considered toward the perspective of machine system in this paper. They are included those building the respiratory system model, getting its parameters and the technique of ventilation control, etc. Their essential mechanism, related key technologies and the working principle of each sub-system are described in detail. And a control-experimentation for realizing the ventilation in a test plat is also given out. And a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) control mode realized in this experiment shown the technologies of airflow control are considered well in our design.

Quasi-static pressure-volume hysteresis in the canine respiratory system in vivo

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 2230-2236 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Shardonofsky ◽  
J. Sato ◽  
J. H. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Transpulmonary Pressure ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Loop Area ◽  
Hysteresis Loop Area ◽  
Isolated Lungs

We investigated the quasi-static pressure-volume (P-V) hysteresis of the normal canine lung in vivo by performing 15-s flow interruptions at various points throughout the breathing cycle in mechanically ventilated anesthetized paralyzed dogs. By measuring the transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) at 5 s after each interruption, we built up a quasi-static P-V loop of the lungs. We found, however, that the area of the loop was significantly smaller (by a factor of 4-6) than has been reported by others for the isolated canine lung. We also found the hysteresis loop area of the chest wall to be of similar magnitude. If we measured Ptp 10-15 s after interruption, we found it always decreased at a rate expected to result from continuing gas exchange in the lungs. We conclude that 1) the areas of the quasi-static P-V loop in vivo for the total respiratory system, as well as the lungs and chest wall separately, are significantly smaller than has been reported previously for isolated lungs and 2) continuing gas exchange in the lungs places a lower limit on the frequencies (equivalent to flow interruptions of greater than 5- to 7-s duration) at which the P-flow-V behavior of the lungs in vivo can be considered in purely mechanical terms.

Application of continuous positive airway pressure to trace static pressure-volume curves of the respiratory system

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo M. Albaiceta ◽  
Enrique Piacentini ◽  
Ana Villagrá ◽  
Josefina Lopez-Aguilar ◽  
Francisco Taboada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure

Patient–Ventilator Interactions and Asynchrony

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Kreit
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Inspiratory Phase ◽  
Improve Patient Comfort ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Ventilator Settings

Patient–Ventilator Interactions and Asynchrony describes what happens when the patient and the ventilator do not work together in an effective, coordinated manner. Effective mechanical ventilation requires the synchronized function of two pumps: The mechanical ventilator is governed by the settings chosen by the clinician; the patient’s respiratory system is controlled by groups of neurons in the brain stem. Ideally, the ventilator simply augments and amplifies the activity of the respiratory system. Asynchrony between the ventilator and the patient reduces patient comfort, increases work of breathing, predisposes to respiratory muscle fatigue, and may even impair oxygenation and ventilation. The chapter describes the causes and consequences of patient–ventilator asynchrony during ventilator triggering and the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle and explains how to adjust ventilator settings to improve patient comfort and reduce the work of breathing.

Static pressure–volume curves of the respiratory system: were they just a passing fad?

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo M Albaiceta ◽  
Lluis Blanch ◽  
Umberto Lucangelo
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Static Pressure
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