The assessment of tobacco smoke toxicity in tissue and organ culture: An in vitro arrangement for exposure under defined conditions

1974 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Davies ◽  
G. S. Kistler
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Smoke Toxicity ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture

The Culture in vitro of Urogenital Organs of Pleurodeles waltlii

Development ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Charles L. Foote ◽  
Florence M. Foote
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture ◽  
Pleurodeles Waltlii

Earlier reports (Foote & Foote, 1958a, b, 1959) describe growth and maintenance in vitro of larval organs, particularly gonads, of Rana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis. Immature germ cells of both testes and ovaries are well maintained in vitro, especially if the culture medium is supplemented with watersoluble sex-hormonal substances, although germ cells in process of maturation become necrotic. Recently some urogenital organs from the salamander, Pleurodeles waltlii, have been grown in vitro. Tissues and organs from this amphibian might prove to be more suitable for tissue and organ culture investigations than those of Anurans. Animals at three different ages were used in this study: recently hatched larvae, metamorphosing animals, and adults. To determine whether sex differentiation would occur in vitro, trunk portions of young larvae of Pleurodeles waltlii of developmental stages 37–38 (Gallien & Durocher, 1957) were placed in organ cultures.

In vitro ovarian tissue and organ culture a review

10.2741/a892 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. d1979-1989
Author(s):  
Patricia B Hoyer
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture

scholarly journals Ten Years and More of ‘Biosciences’ in CORESTA - A Brief Historic Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-571
Author(s):  
W Röper
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Smoke Toxicity ◽  
Clear Trend

AbstractIn June 2001, the CORESTA2 Board formally decided to broaden the scope of CORESTA by engaging in biosciences (other than tobacco agronomy and phytopathology), starting with in vitro toxicity testing and biomarkers of tobacco (smoke) exposure. Until then, work addressing biological aspects of smoking had only been done since 1996 by a special committee within CORESTA, reporting directly to the Scientific Commission, the Smoking Behaviour Committee. Membership of that committee was - similar to ACAC3 - by invitation only. The broadened scope consequently led to the re-shaping of the then Study Groups ‘Smoke’ and ‘Technology’ into ‘Smoke Science’ (SS) and ‘Product Technology’ (PT).Subsequently, three Sub-Groups (SG) and Task Forces (TF) were set up, reflecting this change: i) SG Smoking Behaviour (name change of former Committee in 2001), ii) TF ‘Nicotine Intake’ (2001, later on named ‘Nicotine Uptake’, disbanded in 2009) and iii) TF ‘In vitro Toxicity Testing of Tobacco Smoke’ (2002). Finally, a new SG ‘Biomarkers’ was launched in 2009 with a wider scope than its predecessor TF ‘Nicotine Uptake’. The work of these groups has had and still has significant impact on the scientific work within CORESTA, leading to numerous presentations at CORESTA meetings and publications in peer-reviewed journals.This paper provides a brief analysis of some 270 presentations and posters addressing tobacco smoke toxicity, human smoking behaviour or biomarkers, delivered at CORESTA Congresses and SSPT Joint Meetings between 1993 and 2011. More than 50% of these papers covered different aspects of toxicology, mainly in vitro toxicity testing methodologies, smoke exposure systems and other equipments. Other papers described the influence of cigarette design parameters on smoke toxicity. Approaches to human risk assessment were presented, including the search for suitable in vitro models of the major smoking related human diseases.CORESTA began discussing smoking behaviour topics at their Vienna meeting in 1995 and received five respective presentations there; indeed, the issue has various aspects, from smoking topography and human smoke yield to smoke uptake, deposition and retention, and… Why do people smoke at all?As early as 1996, a presentation was given on the determination of urinary mutagenicity in volunteers exposed to ETS (environmental tobacco smoke), apparently indicating a need for CORESTA to engage in this field and to face new challenges. Indeed, our knowledge of biomarkers and how to measure them has increased considerably over the years, and there is a clear trend towards using this knowledge for conducting clinical studies into the assessment of ‘modified risk tobacco products’.

scholarly journals The antiviral activity of the compound chalcone (4-ethoxy-2-hydroxy-4, 6-dimethoxy-chalcone) against rubella virus in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Antiviral Compound ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture ◽  
Margin Of Safety

The studies on the antiviral compound chalcone in vitro in both tissue and organ culture systems against rubella virus glass that this compound relatively non toxic to the cell culture and organ culture of the concentration of 8 ug/ml or less, chalcone have significantly antiviral activity against rubella virus in tissue culture and organ culture. We find that a concentration of 0.03ug/ml or more inhibit the IOOTCID50 of rubella virus. The therapeutic index (TI) used in this study to evaluate the drug, the (TI) which is the ratio of the dose of drug which is just toxic (Maximum tolerated dose) to the dose which is just effective (Minimum effective dose). If this index is one or less it not possible to use the drug under the conditions outlined without causing side effect, if the index is larger than the margin of safety is accordingly great, the TI of chalcone against rubella virus more than 70, therefore this compound if used in man have no side effect .

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Tobacco Smoke Toxicity at the BBB: Do Antioxidant Supplements Have a Protective Role?

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hossain ◽  
Peter Mazzone ◽  
William Tierney ◽  
Luca Cucullo
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Smoke Toxicity ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

In vitro characteristics of a sacrococcygeal chordoma maintained in tissue and organ culture systems

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce C. Horten ◽  
Stephen R. Montague
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture
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