Fatty acid synthesis in vivo and hepatic contribution to whole-body lipogenic rates in obese zucker rats

Lipids ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 993-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kannan ◽  
D. B. Learn ◽  
N. Baker ◽  
J. Elovson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

Reduced lipogenesis in cafeteria-fed rats exhibiting diet-induced thermogenesis

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Rothwell ◽  
Michael J. Stock ◽  
Paul Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Diet Induced Thermogenesis

Fatty-acid synthesis has been measured in vivo with 3H2O in cafeteria-fed rats exhibiting diet-induced thermogenesis. Synthesis was decreased in brown adipose tissue, the liver, white adipose tissue, and the carcass of the cafeteria-fed animals compared to rats fed the normal stock diet. Whole-body synthesis was also decreased in the cafeteria-fed group. Diet-induced thermogenesis, in contrast to cold-induced non-shivering thermogenesis does not lead to increased fatty-acid synthesis and this is presumably due to the inhibitory effects on lipogenesis of the high dietary fat intake characteristic of cafeteria diets. The results also indicate that the energy cost of body fat deposition in cafeteria-fed rats is lower than in animals fed a low-fat/high-carbohydrate stock diet.

Comparative studies on fatty acid synthesis, glycogen metabolism, and gluconeogenesis by hepatocytes isolated from lean and obese Zucker rats

Metabolism ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1170-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia A. McCune ◽  
Pamela J. Durant ◽  
Patricia A. Jenkins ◽  
Robert A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

scholarly journals Roles of Fatty Acid Oversupply and Impaired Oxidation in Lipid Accumulation in Tissues of Obese Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas D. Oakes ◽  
Ann Kjellstedt ◽  
Pia Thalén ◽  
Bengt Ljung ◽  
Nigel Turner
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
And Storage

To test the roles of lipid oversupply versus oxidation in causing tissue lipid accumulation associated with insulin resistance/obesity, we studiedin vivofatty acid (FA) metabolism in obese (Obese) and lean (Lean) Zucker rats. Indices of local FA utilization and storage were calculated using the partially metabolizable [9,10-3H]-(R)-2-bromopalmitate (3H-R-BrP) and [U-14C]-palmitate (14C-P) FA tracers, respectively. Whole-body FA appearance (Ra) was estimated from plasma14C-P kinetics. Whole-body FA oxidation rate (Rox) was assessed using3H2O production from3H-palmitate infusion, and tissue FA oxidative capacity was evaluatedex vivo. In the basal fasting state Obese had markedly elevated FA levels andRa, associated with elevated FA utilization and storage in most tissues. Estimated rates of muscle FA oxidation were not lower in obese rats and were similarly enhanced by contraction in both lean and obese groups. At comparable levels of FA availability, achieved by nicotinic acid,Roxwas lower in Obese than Lean. In Obese rats, FA oxidative capacity was 35% higher than that in Lean in skeletal muscle, 67% lower in brown fat and comparable in other organs. In conclusion, lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues of obese Zucker rats appears to result largely from systemic FA oversupply.

Effects of a unique conjugate of α-lipoic acid and γ-linolenic acid on insulin action in obese Zucker rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. R453-R459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Anthony Peth ◽  
Tyson R. Kinnick ◽  
Erik B. Youngblood ◽  
Hans J. Tritschler ◽  
Erik J. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

The purpose of this study was to assess the individual and interactive effects of the antioxidant α-lipoic acid (LPA) and the n-6 essential fatty acid γ-linolenic acid (GLA) on insulin action in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. LPA, GLA, and a unique conjugate consisting of equimolar parts of LPA and GLA (LPA-GLA) were administered for 14 days at 10, 30, or 50 mg ⋅ kg body wt− 1 ⋅ day− 1. Whereas LPA was without effect at 10 mg/kg, at 30 and 50 mg/kg it elicited 23% reductions ( P < 0.05) in the glucose-insulin index (the product of glucose and insulin areas under the curve during an oral glucose tolerance test and an index of peripheral insulin action) that were associated with significant increases in insulin-mediated (2 mU/ml) glucose transport activity in isolated epitrochlearis (63–65%) and soleus (33–41%) muscles. GLA at 10 and 30 mg/kg caused 21–25% reductions in the glucose-insulin index and 23–35% improvements in insulin-mediated glucose transport in epitrochlearis muscle. The beneficial effects of GLA disappeared at 50 mg/kg. At 10 and 30 mg/kg, the LPA-GLA conjugate elicited 29 and 38% reductions in the glucose-insulin index. These LPA-GLA-induced improvements in whole body insulin action were accompanied by 28–63 and 38–57% increases in insulin-mediated glucose transport in epitrochlearis and soleus muscles and resulted from the additive effects of LPA and GLA. At 50 mg/kg, the metabolic improvements due to LPA-GLA were substantially reduced. In summary, these results indicate that the conjugate of the antioxidant LPA and the n-6 essential fatty acid GLA elicits significant dose-dependent improvements in whole body and skeletal muscle insulin action on glucose disposal in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. Moreover, these actions of LPA-GLA are due to the additive effects of its individual components.

Lipogenesis in the Ruminant: in vivo Site of Fatty Acid Synthesis in Sheep

1972 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Ingle ◽  
D. E. Bauman ◽  
U. S. Garrigus
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis

Understanding in vivo carbon precursor supply for fatty acid synthesis in leaf tissue

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Bao ◽  
Manfred Focke ◽  
Mike Pollard ◽  
John Ohlrogge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Carbon Precursor ◽  
Precursor Supply

In vivo and in vitro lipogenesis and aspects of metabolism in ovines: Effect of environmental temperature and dietary lipid supplementation

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Moibi ◽  
R. J. Christopherson ◽  
E. K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Lipid Supplementation

Twenty-four wether lambs were randomly allocated to six treatments to investigate the effect of temperature and dietary lipid supplements on fatty acid synthesis and metabolic activity in sheep. The treatments consisted of four groups exposed to either cold (0 °C) or warm temperature (+23 °C) and given ad libitum access to either a control barley-based diet or with lipid supplementation. Two other groups were placed on the dietary regimen at 0 °C, but pair-fed to intake of animals in the +23 °C environment. At 5 wk, fatty acid synthesis was measured by [1-14C]acetate incorporation into tissue lipids. Cold exposure and dietary lipid supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on in vivo fatty acid synthesis rates in either longissimus dorsi or the liver. In both subcutaneous and mesenteric adipose tissue depots, the rate of acetate incorporation into tissue lipid was not significantly affected by cold exposure. In the perirenal fat depot, cold exposure increased (P < 0.05) the rate of fatty acid synthesis, while lipid supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the rate in all tissue adipose depots. In vitro, mesenteric and perirenal adipose tissues from cold pair-fed animals had higher (P < 0.05) rates of fatty acid synthesis compared to tissues from animals in the warm environment. However, there was no effect of dietary lipid supplementation in these two fat depots. Metabolic heat production, and energy and nitrogen excretion by animals were increased (P < 0.05) by cold exposure while lipid supplementation had the opposite effect (P < 0.05). The relationship between average daily gain and feed intake was linear at both warm and cold environments, but with higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain at all levels of intake in the cold compared to the warm environment. Results indicate that both environment and diet regulate metabolic activity in sheep. However, there were differences in lipogenic response by tissues to the treatments. Key words: Environmental temperature, dietary lipid, fatty acid synthesis, metabolic rate, sheep

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