Role of zinc in regulation of arterial blood pressure and in the etiopathogenesis of arterial hypertension

2007 ◽  
Vol 117 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Tubek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Sex- and age-based differences in the effect of central serotonin on arterial blood pressure regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310-1323
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Magnusson ◽  
Craig A. Emter ◽  
Kevin J. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Serotonin Neurons ◽  
Older Males

The role of serotonin in arterial blood pressure (ABP) regulation across states of vigilance is unknown. We hypothesized that adult rats devoid of CNS serotonin (TPH2−/−) have low ABP in wakefulness and NREM sleep, when serotonin neurons are active. However, TPH2−/− rats experience higher ABP than TPH2+/+ rats in wakefulness and REM only, a phenotype present only in older males and not females. CNS serotonin may be critical for preventing high ABP in males with aging.

scholarly journals Role of the medulla oblongata in normal and high arterial blood pressure regulation: the contribution of Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio L. Cravo ◽  
Ruy R. Campos ◽  
Eduardo Colombari ◽  
Mônica A. Sato ◽  
Cássia M. Bergamaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
De Medicina

Several forms of experimental evidence gathered in the last 37 years have unequivocally established that the medulla oblongata harbors the main neural circuits responsible for generating the vasomotor tone and regulating arterial blood pressure. Our current understanding of this circuitry derives mainly from the studies of Pedro Guertzenstein, a former student who became Professor of Physiology at UNIFESP later, and his colleagues. In this review, we have summarized the main findings as well as our collaboration to a further understanding of the ventrolateral medulla and the control of arterial blood pressure under normal and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Rostral ventral medulla 5-HT1A receptors selectively inhibit the somatosympathetic reflex

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. R1261-R1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Miyawaki ◽  
Ann K. Goodchild ◽  
Paul M. Pilowsky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Potent Inhibition ◽  
Somatosympathetic Reflex

The role of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1A) receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) on somatosympathetic, baroreceptor, and chemoreceptor reflexes was examined in anesthetized rats. Microinjection of the selective 5-HT1A agonist 8-hydroxy-di- n-propylamino tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) decreased arterial blood pressure and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Electrical stimulation of the hindlimb evoked early and late excitatory sympathetic responses. Bilateral microinjection in the RVLM of 8-OH-DPAT markedly attenuated both the early and late responses. This potent inhibition of the somatosympathetic reflex persisted even after SNA and arterial blood pressure returned to preinjection levels. Preinjection of the selective 5-HT1A antagonist NAN-190 in the RVLM blocked the sympathoinhibitory effect of 8-OH-DPAT and attenuated the inhibitory effect on the somatosympathetic reflex. 8-OH-DPAT injected in the RVLM did not affect baroreceptor or chemoreceptor reflexes. Our findings suggest that activation of 5-HT1A receptors in the RVLM exerts a potent, selective inhibition on the somatosympathetic reflex.

scholarly journals Prospective Randomized Controlled Study to assess the Role of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Hemodynamics in Patients with Supratentorial Tumor undergoing Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Sachin Vaishnav ◽  
Anita Shetty ◽  
Manjula Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Supratentorial Tumor ◽  
Duration Of Surgery

ABSTRACT The stress response to an intense painful surgical stimulus is characterized by activation of the sympathetic nervous system and an increased secretion of the stress hormones. The ability of the alpha agonist dexmedetomidine (DEX) to decrease heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure in perioperative period was tested. One hundred and thirty two patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial tumor were randomly distributed to receive either saline (B group) or DEX (A group). The placebo group received saline, whereas the treatment group (A group) received a single bolus dose of DEX (1μg/kg) intravenously over 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters, such as HR and arterial blood pressure were measured. Both the groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, American Society for Anesthesiologist grade, and duration of surgery. The arterial blood pressure and HR were found to be lower in the DEX group when compared with the placebo group. How to cite this article Vaishnav S, Shetty A, Sarkar M. Prospective Randomized Controlled Study to assess the Role of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Hemodynamics in Patients with Supratentorial Tumor undergoing Surgery. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(1):14-17.

Abstract 15839: Effect of Serotonin Neuron Depletion on Arterial Blood Pressure Regulation in Young Rats

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Magnusson ◽  
Kevin Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Arterial Blood

Infants dying of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) have reduced brainstem serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) where some cases die following episodes of severe bradycardia and hypoxemia. The specific role of central 5-HT in resting arterial blood pressure (BP) and on baroreflex sensitivity during neonatal life has not been studied. In adult animals, systemic depletion of 5-HT increases BP with no effect on heart rate (HR) and reduces the sensitivity of the baroreflex. Other studies have also shown that a loss of central 5-HT beginning in embryogenesis reduces resting BP and HR in adulthood. Based on these reports, we hypothesized that loss of brainstem 5-HT neurons in the neonatal period would reduce baseline BP and HR as well as reduce baroreflex gain. To test this, we utilized 3-week old Sprague Dawley rats treated centrally with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT, n=4; ~120 ug in saline, i.c.v.), a chemical that is toxic to serotonergic neurons. Littermate controls were injected with saline (CTRL, n=5, ~3ul, i.c.v.). We measured BP with a femoral artery catheter. HR was derived from BP. Following a recovery period, we measured resting variables for 15 minutes and then injected phenylephrine (PE; 3mg/kg s.c.) followed by sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 2.5mg/kg s.c.), separated by 15 minutes, to induce pressor or depressor responses, respectively. For both responses, baroreflex gain was calculated as the [[Unable to Display Character: &#8710;]]HR at the maximum [[Unable to Display Character: &#8710;]]BP following drug injection. We found that a loss of 5-HT neurons did not alter baseline BP (p>0.05) but did reduce baseline HR when compared to control littermates (p<0.02). 5-HT neuron deficiency tended to reduce baroreflex gain in response to PE (CTRL: -2.756 ± 0.483 beats/mmHg; 5,7-DHT: -1.499 ± 0.348 beats/mmHg; p=0.058), but not SNP (CTRL: -2.408 ± 0.351 beats/mmHg; 5,7-DHT: -3.316 ± 1.214 beats/mmHg; p>0.05). Our data indicate that brainstem 5-HT maintains resting HR, and is involved in baroreflex control of HR in response to hypertensive stimuli. Reduced brainstem 5-HT may predispose an infant to SIDS via altered autonomic control of BP and HR. The role of 5-HT in BP regulation during hypoxic conditions remains to be elucidated.

Role of arteria baroreceptor input on thirst and urinary responses to intracerebroventricular angiotensin II

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. R591-R595 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Thunhorst ◽  
S. J. Lewis ◽  
A. K. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Endogenous Formation

Intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II) in rats elicits greater water intake under hypotensive, compared with normotensive, conditions. The present experiments used sinoaortic baroreceptor-denervated (SAD) rats and sham-operated rats to examine if the modulatory effects of arterial blood pressure on water intake in response to icv ANG II are mediated by arterial baroreceptors. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was raised or lowered by intravenous (i.v.) infusions of phenylephrine (1 or 10 micrograms.kg-1 x min-1) or minoxidil (25 micrograms.kg-1 x min-1), respectively. The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (0.33 mg/min) was infused i.v. to prevent the endogenous formation of ANG II during testing. Urinary excretion of water and solutes was measured throughout. Water intake elicited by icv ANG II was inversely related to changes in MAP. Specifically, rats drank more water in response to icv ANG II when MAP was reduced by minoxidil but drank less water when MAP was elevated by phenylephrine. The influence of changing MAP on the icv ANG II-induced drinking responses was not affected by SAD. These results suggest that the modulatory effects of arterial blood pressure on icv ANG II-induced drinking can occur in the absence of sinoaortic baroreceptor input.

scholarly journals Missing pieces of the Piezo1/Piezo2 baroreceptor hypothesis: an autonomic perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 1207-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Stocker ◽  
Alan F. Sved ◽  
Michael C. Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Cellular Mechanism ◽  
Baroreceptor Function ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Baroreceptors play a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure through moment to moment sensing of arterial blood pressure and providing information to the central nervous system to make autonomic adjustments to maintain appropriate tissue perfusion. A recent publication by Zeng and colleagues (Zeng WZ, Marshall KL, Min S, Daou I, Chapleau MW, Abboud FM, Liberles SD, Science 362: 464–467, 2018) suggests the mechanosensitive ion channels Piezo1 and Piezo2 represent the cellular mechanism by which baroreceptor nerve endings sense changes in arterial blood pressure. However, before Piezo1 and Piezo2 are accepted as the sensor of baroreceptors, the question must be asked of what criteria are necessary to establish this and how well the report of Zeng and colleagues (Zeng WZ, Marshall KL, Min S, Daou I, Chapleau MW, Abboud FM, Liberles SD, Science 362: 464–467, 2018) satisfies these criteria. We briefly review baroreceptor function, outline criteria that a putative neuronal sensor of blood pressure must satisfy, and discuss whether the recent findings of Zeng and colleagues suitably meet these criteria. Despite the provocative hypothesis, there are significant concerns regarding the evidence supporting a role of Piezo1/Piezo2 in arterial baroreceptor function.

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