Have the dikes collapsed? Inspire Art a further breakthrough in the freedom of establishment of companies?

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Looijestijn-Clearie

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1277-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kersting ◽  
Clemens Philipp Schindler

In its most recent judicature the European Court of Justice (ECJ) continued its tendency of deciding in favor of the freedom of establishment by holding that rules submitting pseudo-foreign companies to the company law of the host state were inadmissible. It clarified that a foreign company is not only to be respected as a legal entity having the right to be a party to legal proceedings, but rather has to be respected as such, i.e. as a foreign company that is subject to the company law of its state of incorporation. Any adjustment to the company law of the host state is, hence, not compatible with European law. In addition to commenting on the decision and its effects, this article points out potential for corporate restructuring in the field of codetermination.



2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lowry

This article examines the implications of the E.C.J.'s decisions in Überseering and Inspire Art against the background of the principal competing theories relating to lex societatis. It considers the tension between freedom of establishment (EC Treaty, arts 43 and 48) and the protective objectives of national corporate law regimes aimed at defeating the so-called Delaware effect. It goes on to argue that significant issues remain unresolved. More particularly, it questions whether creditor protection mechanisms contained in national insolvency laws will, in future, be viewed as obstacles to freedom of establishment.





2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Jacek Napierała

Wyrok TSUE z 12 lipca 2012 r. w sprawie C-378/10 (VALE Építési Kft) ma charakter precedensowy i dotyczy doniosłej postaci korzystania ze swobody przedsiębiorczości (freedom of establishment), jaką jest transgraniczne przekształcenie spółki. Odmienne traktowanie spółek w zależności od tego, czy przekształcenie ma charakter krajowy, czy transgraniczny, stanowi ograniczenie swobody przedsiębiorczości (art. 49 i 54 TfUE). Ponieważ wtórne prawo Unii nie reguluje transgranicznego przekształcenia spółek, należy kumulatywnie stosować normy krajowe państwa emigracji i państwa imigracji spółki, w tym w szczególności przepisy regulujące tworzenie spółki krajowej. Środki (przepisy) krajowe uwzględniane przy transgranicznym przekształceniu nie powinny naruszać zakazu ograniczania swobody przedsiębiorczości w sposób niedający się usprawiedliwić oraz nie powinny naruszać unijnej zasady równoważności i skuteczności. TSUE wyraził expressis verbis stanowisko co do zasadności wydania czternastej dyrektywy. Podkreślił mianowicie, że unijne przepisy harmonizujące „są z pewnością przydatne do ułatwienia przekształceń transgranicznych”. Wyrok w sprawie Vale nie przesądza natomiast, czy przedmiotem czternastej dyrektywy miałaby być tylko harmonizacja transgranicznego przeniesienia siedziby statutowej czy również przeniesienia siedziby faktycznej.



Author(s):  
Fabrício José Rodrigues de Lemos

A INTEGRAÇÃO ECONÔMICA E O REGIME JURÍDICO DO EURO  ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND THE LEGAL REGIME OF THE EURO  Fabrício José Rodrigues de Lemos* RESUMO: Em um mundo de relações econômicas cada vez mais complexas, as nações se veem compelidas a formalizar uniões em torno de objetivos comuns, de maneira a fazer frente à acirrada concorrência internacional. Nesse sentido, buscam a formação dos chamados espaços econômicos integrados. Para isso, são necessários diversos requisitos, tais como a livre circulação de mercadorias, a liberdade de estabelecimento, a livre circulação de trabalhadores e de capitais. Entretanto, para que seja atingido o estágio mais aprofundado da integração econômica, além das exigências já exemplificadas, se constata imprescindível a instituição de moeda única. Nesse sentido, o artigo pretende, a partir de reflexões históricas e filosóficas acerca da implantação da zona do Euro, fazer apontamentos sobre a integração econômica existente na União Europeia, detalhando o regime jurídico da moeda única europeia, para, ao final, tecer considerações sobre o futuro do mercado comum europeu. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Integração econômica. Zona do Euro. Regime jurídico. União Europeia. ABSTRACT: In a world of increasingly complex economic relations, nations find themselves compelled to formalize unions around common goals, in order to cope with the fierce international competition. In this sense, they seek the formation of the so-called integrated economic spaces. Thereunto, several requirements must be met, such as the free movement of goods, freedom of establishment, free movement of workers and capital. However, in order to achieve the furthest stage of economic integration, in addition to the requirements already explained, the institution of a single currency is imperative. In this sense, the article intends to give pointers, from historical and philosophical reflections about the implementation of the Euro zone, on the existing economic integration in the European Union, detailing the legal regime of the single European currency, to, at the end, weave considerations about the future of the common European market. KEYWORDS: Economic integration. Eurozone. Legal regime. European Union. SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1 Reflexões Históricas e Filosóficas acerca da Implantação da Zona do Euro. 1.1 Implantação da Zona Monetária Comum e o Critério de Convergência. 1.2 Conceito de eficiência em Richard Posner e a maximização da riqueza e do bem-estar social. 2 Regime Jurídico na Zona do Euro. 2.1 Integração regional e o Mercado Comum Europeu. 2.2 Considerações sobre o futuro do Mercado Comum Europeu. Considerações Finais. Referências.  * Mestrando em Direito Público, na Linha de Pesquisa Sociedade, Novos Direitos e Transnacionalização, pela Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). Bacharel em Direito pela Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). Integrante do Núcleo de Direitos Humanos da Unisinos (NDH). Advogado. 



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