scholarly journals Inflation expectations, central bank credibility and the global financial crisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Gerlach-Kristen ◽  
Richhild Moessner
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank Credibility

Twin Peaks Regulation After the Global Financial Crisis: A Reform Model for China?

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Han
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Twin Peaks ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Peak Model ◽  
Twin Peak

AbstractThe global financial crisis (GFC) has been defined as the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of the 1930s. Reforms underway, as well as debates in discussion, revolve around both regulatory philosophy and approaches towards better supervisory outcomes. One of the most radical institutional reforms took place in the United Kingdom (UK), where the Twin-Peak model replaced the previous fully integrated regulator – the Financial Services Authority (FSA) under the Financial Services Act 2012. This paper argues that China should also introduce twin peaks regulation, but it is rather based on the resources of risk in its financial sector than the direct GFC challenge. In theory, the core arguments focus on the structure of agencies responsible for prudential regulation and the role played by the central bank as well. The Twin-Peak model has been further examined in terms of regulatory objectives and instruments. By method, this paper is a country-specific comparative study; Australia, the Netherlands and the UK are selected to represent different Twin-Peak models. This paper contributes to the relevant literature in two main aspects. First, it has displayed the principal pattern of the Twin-Peak model after detailing the case studies, including the relationship involving in two regulators, central bank and finance minister in particular. Based on this, second, it becomes possible to design a very specific model to reform China’s current sector-based financial monitoring regime. As far as the author knows, until end-2015, this is the first paper which has proposed such a particular model to China. It is argued that the appropriate institutional structure of market regulation should fit well in with a country’s financial market. Accordingly, the Twin-Peak model will be able to balance the regulatory tasks for the over-concentrated risk in China’s large banking sector but the underdeveloped securities market. Even though, regulatory independence will continue to be challenged.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Approach of the Czech National Bank and the European Central Bank to the Effects of the Global Financial Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-46
Author(s):  
Andrea Cecrdlova
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
European Central Bank ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
European Central ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The latest global crisis, which fully erupted in 2008, can have a significant impact on central banks credibility in the long run. During the last crisis, monetary authorities encountered zero interest rate levels and, as a result, started to use non-standard monetary policy instruments. The Czech National Bank decided to use a less standard instrument in November 2013, when it started to intervene on the foreign exchange market in order to keep the Czech currency at level 27 CZK / EUR. However, the European Central Bank also adopted a non-standard instrument, when chose a path of quantitative easing in 2015 in order to support the euro area economy by purchasing financial assets. The question remains whether the approach of Czech National Bank or the approach of European Central Bank in the crisis and post-crisis period was a more appropriate alternative. With the passage of time from the global financial crisis, it is already possible to compare the approaches of these two central banks and at least partially assess what approach was more appropriate under the given conditions. When comparing the central banks approaches to the crisis, the Czech National Bank was better, both in terms of the rate of interest rate cuts and the resulting inflation with regard to the choice of a non-standard monetary policy instrument. The recent financial crisis has revealed the application of moral hazard in practice, both on behalf of the European Central Bank and the Czech National Bank, which may have a significant impact on their credibility and independence in the coming years.

HOW CBN CONFRONTED THE MELTDOWN: THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS AND THE CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA’S RESPONSE

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
EMRE OZSOZ ◽  
MUSTAPHA AKINKUNMI ◽  
ISMAIL CAGRI AY ◽  
ADEMOLA BAMIDELE
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Reserve Requirement ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Discount Window ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This paper provides an analysis of policy responses to the Global Financial Crisis by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Given its unique position as a major commodity exporter with a large population, Nigerian authorities utilized a mixture of policies including reductions in the monetary policy rate and capital reserve requirement, lending through the expanded discount window, money market interbank transactions guaranty and limitations on deposit money banks’ (DMBs) foreign exchange net open positions. CBN also rolled over margin loans that were extended to equity investors. As a result the country weathered the financial crisis with limited damage and recorded positive growth rates between 2008 and 2010.

scholarly journals Dispersion of inflation expectations in the European Union during the global financial crisis

Equilibrium ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Acedański ◽  
Julia Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Initial Drop ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Inflation expectations, both their median and dispersion, are of great importance to the effectiveness of monetary policy. The goal of this paper is to examine the impact of the global financial crisis on dispersion of inflation expectations in the European Union. Using European Commission’s survey data, we find that in the early phase of the crisis the dispersion dropped rapidly but then, after Lehman Brothers’ collapse, the trend reversed and these fluctuations cannot be explained by movements of inflation rates and other commonly used factors. We also observe that, in the new European Union member states, the initial drop of the dispersion was weaker whereas the subsequent rise was stronger as compared to the old member states.

scholarly journals Gold Reserve Policies of Selected Central Banks After the Global Financial Crisis: A Comparative Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Vildan Serin ◽  
Erişah Arıcan ◽  
Başak Tanınmış Yücememiş
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Gold Reserve ◽  
Bank Reserves ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

After the global financial crisis, central banks have changed attitudes towards gold and have unconventional policy measures, in addition to conventional interest rate cuts. With these measures central banks aimed to support financial stability, and to reduce to potential adverse effects from international capital flows. From the perspective of investors and central banks gold positions and gold reserves are still significant and debatable issues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the composition of central bank reserves the period of 2008 and 2018. In this paper, generally we compared gold reserve holdings of major central banks with Turkey. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) has increased gold reserves especially since 2002. With implementing effective policies, CBRT has increased gold holdings in international reserves. CBRT is one of the countries with the highest share of gold reserves in the world.

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